President of Carucere: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Political post | {{Infobox Political post | ||
| post = President | | post = President | ||
| body = the | | body = the Council of State | ||
| native_name = <small>''Prezidan | | native_name = <small>''Prezidan Konsey Deta''</small> | ||
| insignia = Cacique's Crown Guyana (variant).svg | | insignia = Cacique's Crown Guyana (variant).svg | ||
| insigniasize = | | insigniasize = | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
| residence = [[State House, Carucere|State House, Carucere]] | | residence = [[State House, Carucere|State House, Carucere]] | ||
| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Carucere]] | | constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Carucere]] | ||
| appointer = | | appointer = [[Carucerean electoral college|Electoral College]] | ||
| precursor = [[Governor of Carucere]] | | precursor = [[Governor of Carucere]] | ||
| member_of = [[ | | member_of = [[Council of State (Carucere)|Council of State]] | ||
| termlength = Four years | | termlength = Four years | ||
| formation = 17 July 1957 | | formation = 17 July 1957 | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
| website = | | website = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''President of Carucere''', officially the '''President of the | The '''President of Carucere''', officially the '''President of the Council of State''' ([[Papotement]]: ''Prezidan Konsey Deta''), is the head of the [[Council of State (Carucere)|Council of State]] and ''de facto'' {{wp|head of state}} of [[Carucere]]. Under the [[Constitution of Carucere]], the president holds the highest office of the federal government as the ''ex officio'' presiding member of the Council of State which collectively serves as the {{wp|head of government}}, although they are {{wp| primus inter pares}}. The current president is [[Neil Gaubina]], who took office on 1 December 2018 and won reelection in 2022. | ||
Under the {{wp|parliamentary system}} that existed from independence in 1954 until the constitution of 1972, the Presidency was a completely {{wp|figurehead|ceremonial office}} with no real executive power. The Presidency achieved its current role under the constitution of 1972 and [[Jean Preval]], who held the office for 12 years from 1972 to 1984. Today Carucere functions as a ''de-facto'' {{wp| | Under the {{wp|parliamentary system}} that existed from independence in 1954 until the constitution of 1972, the Presidency was a completely {{wp|figurehead|ceremonial office}} with no real executive power. The Presidency achieved its current role under the constitution of 1972 and [[Jean Preval]], who held the office for 12 years from 1972 to 1984. Today Carucere functions as a ''de-facto'' {{wp|Directorial system|collegiate}} system where the President has the leading role in a collective government. The office is elected by a unique electoral system centered around a [[Carucerean electoral college|Electoral College]], which elects the President along with the rest of the [[Council of State (Carucere)|Council of State]]. | ||
==Role== | ==Role== | ||
Today Carucere has a ''de-facto'' fusion of a {{wp| | Today Carucere has a ''de-facto'' fusion of a {{wp|presidential system|presidential}} and a {{wp|Directorial system|collegiate}} system, with the President as the country's most senior office who is a member of a collective executive that serves as {{wp|head of government}}. Although it is the Council of State as a whole that oversees and directs much of the country's actual governmental affairs, it is ultimately the President that decides the direction and priorities of the Government. Nevertheless the president has few ''de facto'' powers that can be exercised unilaterally. | ||
As ''de facto'' {{wp|head of state}}, the President traditionally wields influence and authority in the fields of national security and foreign policy, and assumes the position of {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the Armed Forces during wartime. The President is typically delegated the authority to oversee the portfolios for foreign policy and security. The president carries out some of the representative duties that are normally carried out by a head of state in other democracies. Nevertheless, the president wields these powers and duties with the assent of the Council. | |||
As the presiding officer of the Council of State, the president officially chairs the meetings of the Council. The president is {{wp| primus inter pares}} and has no powers over and above the other delegates except in a few circumstances. For example, if a tied vote occurs in the council, their vote is worth double. | |||
==Qualification== | ==Qualification== | ||
| Line 50: | Line 48: | ||
** Be able to speak and read the Gaullican language | ** Be able to speak and read the Gaullican language | ||
==Election== | ==Election== | ||
==Powers & Duties== | ==Powers & Duties== | ||
Under the Constitution of Carucere, the President given the authority to uphold the Constitution and preserve the safety of Carucere, as the head of state and as the commander-in-chief of the military. In practice, the majority of the president's powers cannot be wielded unilaterally and require the assent of the Council of State. These include: | |||
* | *Appointing and dismissing the premier and their cabinet ministers. | ||
* | *Dissolving the Senate. | ||
* | *Regulate and join treaties, alliances, and other agreements coming from foreign states according to the Constitution. | ||
*Declaring a state of emergency under certain circumstances | |||
* | *Appointing and dismissing judges, federal civil servants, and officers of the Armed Forces | ||
* | *Exercising the power to pardon individual offenders | ||
* to | *Awarding honors and medals | ||
* | The President has a few ''de jure'' powers that can be exercised unilaterally as {{wp|head of state}}; | ||
*{{wp|promulgate|promulgating}} laws approved by the Senate and Council of State. | |||
*Chairing meetings of the Council of State | |||
*Representing the government at home and abroad | |||
* | *Respond to emergency situations when the Council has no time to meet | ||
==Removal== | ==Removal== | ||
According to the Constitution of Carucere, the Senate may remove the | According to the Constitution of Carucere, the President as well as the rest of the Council of State, can be recalled by the [[Carucerean electoral college|Electoral College]] or impeached by the Senate. The [[Carucerean electoral college|Electoral College]] may reassemble in a special session and recall the President by a simple majority vote, after which a new presidential election is held. This has never occurred in Carucerean history. The Senate may remove a member of the Council of State due to "permanent moral or physical incapacity", as declared by the Senate. However as the Senate has not defined "moral incapacitation", the Senate can initiate {{wp|impeachment}} proceedings against them effectively without cause. After beginning proceedings, the Senate begins a special session, where the accused has the ability to defend themselves in front of the Senate. After a debate, the Senate can remove a delegate from office by a two-thirds majority vote. | ||
==List of Presidents of Carucere== | ==List of Presidents of Carucere== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:29, 7 August 2023
| President of the Council of State | |
|---|---|
| Prezidan Konsey Deta | |
.svg) Presidential Emblem | |
 Presidential Standard | |
| Style | His Excellency |
| Status | Head of state |
| Member of | Council of State |
| Residence | State House, Carucere |
| Seat | Kingston |
| Appointer | Electoral College |
| Term length | Four years |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Carucere |
| Precursor | Governor of Carucere |
| Inaugural holder | Jean Preval |
| Formation | 17 July 1957 |
| Succession | Vice President of Carucere |
| Deputy | Premier of Carucere |
The President of Carucere, officially the President of the Council of State (Papotement: Prezidan Konsey Deta), is the head of the Council of State and de facto head of state of Carucere. Under the Constitution of Carucere, the president holds the highest office of the federal government as the ex officio presiding member of the Council of State which collectively serves as the head of government, although they are primus inter pares. The current president is Neil Gaubina, who took office on 1 December 2018 and won reelection in 2022.
Under the parliamentary system that existed from independence in 1954 until the constitution of 1972, the Presidency was a completely ceremonial office with no real executive power. The Presidency achieved its current role under the constitution of 1972 and Jean Preval, who held the office for 12 years from 1972 to 1984. Today Carucere functions as a de-facto collegiate system where the President has the leading role in a collective government. The office is elected by a unique electoral system centered around a Electoral College, which elects the President along with the rest of the Council of State.
Role
Today Carucere has a de-facto fusion of a presidential and a collegiate system, with the President as the country's most senior office who is a member of a collective executive that serves as head of government. Although it is the Council of State as a whole that oversees and directs much of the country's actual governmental affairs, it is ultimately the President that decides the direction and priorities of the Government. Nevertheless the president has few de facto powers that can be exercised unilaterally.
As de facto head of state, the President traditionally wields influence and authority in the fields of national security and foreign policy, and assumes the position of commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces during wartime. The President is typically delegated the authority to oversee the portfolios for foreign policy and security. The president carries out some of the representative duties that are normally carried out by a head of state in other democracies. Nevertheless, the president wields these powers and duties with the assent of the Council.
As the presiding officer of the Council of State, the president officially chairs the meetings of the Council. The president is primus inter pares and has no powers over and above the other delegates except in a few circumstances. For example, if a tied vote occurs in the council, their vote is worth double.
Qualification
In order to be qualified to be elected president, a candidate must:
- Be a citizen of Carucere by birth or parentage
- Have resided in Carucere for a period of seven years prior to the date of the election
- Be qualified to be elected a member of the Senate, which requires to:
- Be a citizen of Carucere 35 years or older
- Be able to speak and read the Gaullican language
Election
Powers & Duties
Under the Constitution of Carucere, the President given the authority to uphold the Constitution and preserve the safety of Carucere, as the head of state and as the commander-in-chief of the military. In practice, the majority of the president's powers cannot be wielded unilaterally and require the assent of the Council of State. These include:
- Appointing and dismissing the premier and their cabinet ministers.
- Dissolving the Senate.
- Regulate and join treaties, alliances, and other agreements coming from foreign states according to the Constitution.
- Declaring a state of emergency under certain circumstances
- Appointing and dismissing judges, federal civil servants, and officers of the Armed Forces
- Exercising the power to pardon individual offenders
- Awarding honors and medals
The President has a few de jure powers that can be exercised unilaterally as head of state;
- promulgating laws approved by the Senate and Council of State.
- Chairing meetings of the Council of State
- Representing the government at home and abroad
- Respond to emergency situations when the Council has no time to meet
Removal
According to the Constitution of Carucere, the President as well as the rest of the Council of State, can be recalled by the Electoral College or impeached by the Senate. The Electoral College may reassemble in a special session and recall the President by a simple majority vote, after which a new presidential election is held. This has never occurred in Carucerean history. The Senate may remove a member of the Council of State due to "permanent moral or physical incapacity", as declared by the Senate. However as the Senate has not defined "moral incapacitation", the Senate can initiate impeachment proceedings against them effectively without cause. After beginning proceedings, the Senate begins a special session, where the accused has the ability to defend themselves in front of the Senate. After a debate, the Senate can remove a delegate from office by a two-thirds majority vote.