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{{Infobox language
'''Human rights in Katranjiev''' is...
|name          = Katranjian Arabic
|nativename = ''Алкатарнжият аларабия''
|pronunciation = ka-tron-ski
|region        = {{flag|Katranjiev}}
|speakers      = 8,506,455
|date          = 2015
|ref          =
|speakers2    = Non-native: 13,895,755
|familycolor  = Afro-Asiatic
|fam2  = {{wp|Semitic languages|Semitic}}
|fam3  = {{wp|Central Semitic languages|Central Semitic}}
|fam4  = {{wp|Arabic language|Arabic}}
|fam5  = {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}}
|script = {{wp|Cyrilic alphabet}}
|nation = {{flag|Katranjiev}}
|agency = Shuvet i Ezik
|iso3  = acm
|lingua =
|map    =
|mapcaption =
}}
'''Katranjian Arabic''' ({{wp|Arabic language}}: الكترنجية العربية, Алкатарнжият аларабия, ''alkatarnjiat alearabia'') is a dialect of the {{wp|Arabic language}}, which is mutually intelligible with {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}}. As of the 2015 census, it is spoken as a first language by 8,506,455 people, and as a second or third language by 13,895,755 Katranjians.
 
Most linguists have classified Katranjian Arabic and Mazari Arabic as part of the same dialect, as they are very largely mutually intelligible with each other.
 
==History==
It was believed that the Arabic language was first brought to Katranjiev by {{wp|Arabs|Arab tribes}} who conquered the [[Genida Desert]] from Lord [[Vladislav the Conqueror]] in 659 CE. In the period between 659 CE and 673 CE, Arabs settled the desert, and within several generations, have assimilated the native [[Genida people]].
 
Until the 1750s, there was virtually no distinction between the Arabic spoken in Katranjiev, and the Arabic spoken in Mazaristan, as the Arabs in the Genida Desert were largely {{wp|nomadic}}, and not tied to a given area, as they often went between Katranjiev and Mazaristan. However, with Katranjiev starting to solidify control over the Genida Desert in the century, loanwords from Katranjian started being brought in, and culminated in the decision in 1790 by [[Zhivkov of Katranjiev|King Zhivkov]] to impose the {{wp|Cyrilic alphabet}} as the sole official script of the country for all published materials.
 
While many works continued to be published clandestinely in the traditional Arabic script, the governments of the duchies instituted mandatory education which taught Cyrilic to schoolchildren. A Cyrilic alphabet was promulgated in 1807 by [[Yusuf al-Katib]] "to be used in the teaching of the Arab tongue."
 
==Orthography==
Unlike most other Arabic dialects in [[Esquarium]], Katranjian Arabic is written in the {{wp|Cyrilic alphabet}}, as promulgated by [[Yusuf al-Katib]], who based it off the {{wp|Bulgarian alphabet|Katranjian alphabet}}.
 
There are twenty-seven official letters in al-Katib's alphabet, which is the most commonly used variety to write in Katranjian Arabic in Katranjiev: while the letter Ь can be used to represent the {{wp|glottal stop}}, it is only found in books published for children and those learning Katranjian Arabic, with most works omitting the glottal stop.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ Katranjian Arabic script
!
! A
! B
! V
! G
! D
! E
! J
! Z
! I
! Y
! K
! L
! M
! N
! O
! P
! R
! S
! T
! U
! F
! H
! Č
! Š
! Y
! Ю
! Я
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | Letter
|А
|Б
|В
|Г
|Д
|Е
|Ж
|З
|И
|Й
|К
|Л
|М
|Н
|О
|П
|Р
|С
|Т
|У
|Ф
|Х
|Ч
|Ш
|Ы
|Ю
|Я
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | IPA
|''a''<br>''ɐ''
|''b''
|''w''<br>''v''
|''g''
|''d''
|''ɛ''
|''d͡ʒ''
|''z''
|''i''
|''j''
|''k''
|''l''<br>''ɫ''
|''m''
|''n''
|''o''
|''p''
|''r''<br>''ɾ''
|''s''
|''t''<br>''tˤ''
|''u''
|''f''<br>''θ''<br>''ð''
|''x''<br>''ħ''<br>''h''<br>''ʕ''<br>''ɣ''
|''t͡ʃ''
|''ʃ''
|''y''
|''ju''<br>''jo''
|''ja''<br>''jɐ''
|}
 
==Vocabulary==
Although it shares most of its vocabulary with {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}}, Katranjian Arabic has acquired loanwords from various sources, such as the extinct [[Genida language]], from [[Katranjian]], and in more recent times, from {{wp|French language|French}}.
 
===Animal and agricultural terms===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! English !! Katranjian Arabic !! Standard Arabic !! Derives from
|-
| Barn || бури (''buri'') || إسطبل (''<nowiki>'iistabil</nowiki>'') || {{wp|Amharic language|Genida}} ''buri'' (ቡር)
|-
| Cat || бузуна (''buzuna'') || قط (''qut'') || {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}} ''buzuna'' (بزونة)
|-
| Cow || хаиша (''haisha'') || بقرة (''baqara'') || {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}} ''haysha'' (هايشة)
|-
| Fish || Ьаса (''<nowiki>'asa</nowiki>'') || سمك (''smak'') || Genida ''<nowiki>'asa</nowiki>'' (ዓሳ)
|-
| Field || месики (''mesiki'') || حقل (''haql'') || Genida ''mesiki'' (መስክ)
|-
| Lizard || брийеси (''briyesi'') || سحلية (''sahalia'') || Mazari Arabic ''briesi'' (بريعصي)
|-
| Pig || асама (''asama'') || خنزير (''khinzir'') || Genida ''āsama'' (አሳማ)
|-
| Sheep || ханам (''ghanam'') || خروف (''khuruf'') || {{wp|Arabic language|Arabic}} ''ghanam'' (غنم)
|-
| Starlings || заразир (''zarazir'') || الزرزور (''alzarzur'') || Mazari Arabic ''zarazyr'' (زرازیر)
|}
 
===Administrative and governmental terms===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! English !! Katranjian Arabic !! Standard Arabic !! Derives from
|-
| Border || хаджуди (''hadzhudi'') || الحدود (''alhudud'') || {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}} ''hadjudi'' (حدوودھي)
|-
| Bureaucrat || буромуса (''buromusa'') || الدواويني (''aldawawiniu'') || {{wp|French language|French}} ''bureau'' via Katranjian ''byuro'', plus {{wp|Arabic language}} ''mustara'' (مسطرة)
|-
| Legislator || сакунудател (''sakunudatel'') || مشرع (''mashrie'') || [[Katranjian language|Katranjian]] ''zakonodatel'' (законодател)
|-
| Mayor || кади (''qadi'') || عمدة (''eumda'') || {{wp|Arabic language|Arabic}} ''alqadi'' (القاضي)
|-
| Premier (of [[Administrative divisions of Katranjiev#Duchies|the duchies]]) || тори министур (''tori ministur'') || الوزير الأول (''alwazir al'awal'') || Katranjian ''tori ministŭr'' (тори министър)
|-
| [[Prime Minister of Katranjiev|Prime Minister]] || алазажи (''alazaji'') || الوزير الأول (''alwazir al'awal'') || {{wp|Genida language|Genida}} ''āzazhi'' (አዛዥ)
|-
| Prison || алсатвур (''alzatvur'') || السجن ('alsijn'') || Katranjian ''zatvor'' (затвор)
|}
 
===Technological terms===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! English !! Katranjian Arabic !! Standard Arabic !! Derives from
|-
| {{wp|Pager|Beeper}} || албипа (''albipa'') || جهاز إشعار (''<nowiki>jihaz 'iishear</nowiki>'') || {{wp|French language|French}} ''bip'' via [[Katranjian language|Katranjian]]
|-
| Car || превус (''prewus'') || سيارة (''sayara'') || [[Katranjian language|Katranjian]] ''prevoz'' (превоз)
|-
| Cell phone || презвуки алхалави (''prezwuki alkhalawi'') || الهاتف الخلوي (''alhatif alkhalawi'') || {{wp|Arabic language}} ''alkhalawi'' (الخلوي) and Katranjian ''prezvuka'' (презвука)
|-
| Computer || ординатор (''ordinator'') || الحاسوب (''alhasub'') || French ''ordinateur'' via Katranjian
|-
| Factory || фабрика (''fabrika'') || مصنع (''masnae'') || Katranjian ''fabrika'' (фабрика)
|-
| Highway || алмагистрала (''almagistrala'') || الطريق السريع (''altariq alsarie'') || Katranjian ''magistrala'' (магистрала)
|-
| Machine || макина (''makina'') || آلة (''ala'') || {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}} ''makyna'' (مكینة)
|-
| Radio || радио (''radio'') || راديو (''radiu'') || {{wp|Latin language|Latin}} ''radius'' via French and Katranjian
|-
| Telephone || презвука (''prezwuka'') || هاتف (''hatif'') || Katranjian ''prezvuka'' (презвука)
|}
 
===Miscellaneous terms===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! English !! Katranjian Arabic !! Standard Arabic !! Derives from
|-
| Bed || алалига (''alaliga'') || السرير (''alsarir'') || {{wp|Amharic language|Genida language}} ''āliga'' (አልጋ)
|-
| Child || жахил (''jahil'') || طفل (''tifl'') || {{wp|Iraqi Arabic|Mazari Arabic}} ''jahil'' (جاهل)
|-
| {{wp|Association football|Football}} || футбол (''futbol'') || كرة القدم (''kurat alqadam'') || [[Katranjian language|Katranjian]] ''futbol'' (футбол)
|-
| Sofa || кунфа (''qunfa'') || كنبة (''kanba'') || Mazari Arabic ''qunfa'' (قنفة)
|-
| Wine || вину (''winu'') || نبيذ (''nabidh'') || Katranjian ''wine'' (вино)
|-
|}

Revision as of 22:52, 3 June 2019

Human rights in Katranjiev is...

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