| caption2 = Banner of the Royal Holyn Defence Forces
| coa_res =
| motto =
| coa_alt =
| founded = 1743 (Army of the Holyn Kingdom)<br>12 November 1925 (Holyn People's Army)<br>12 November 1950 (Holyn Armed Forces)
| coa_caption =
| current_form = 7 April 2002
| logo_pic =
| disbanded =
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| branches = [[File:Flag of the Holyn Ground Forces.png|25px]] [[Holyn Ground Forces]]<br>[[File:Flag_of_Royal_Holyn_Air_Force.png|25px]] [[Royal Holyn Air Force]]<br>[[File:Flag_of_Royal_Holyn_Navy.png|25px]] [[Royal Holyn Navy]]<br>[[File:Flag_of_the_Holyn_Strategic_Forces.png|25px]][[Holyn Strategic Forces]]
| logo_alt =
| flying_hours =
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| website = <!--{{URL|example.mil}}-->
| house_type = Bicameral
<!-- Leadership -->
| houses = {{ublist|[[Council of Regions (Holynia)|Council of Regions {{smaller|(upper)}}]]|[[Council of Representatives (Holynia)|Council of Representatives {{smaller|(lower)}}]]}}
| commander-in-chief = [[Mikuláš I]]
| chambers =
| commander-in-chief_title = Monarch
| body =
| chief minister = [[Renáta Mišurová]]
| jurisdiction =
| chief minister_title = Prime Minister
| term_limits = 5 years
| minister = x x
| foundation = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| minister_title = Defence Minister
| disbanded = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| chief_of_staff = x x
| preceded_by =
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| commander = xx
| new_session =
| commander_title = Chief of General Staff
| leader1_type = Speaker
<!-- Manpower -->
| leader1 = Milan Kríž
| age = 16-17 with parental consent, 18 without parental consent and serve in combat roles
| leader1_term = 8 July 2024
| conscription = Inactive, registration continues but not enforced
| party1 = National Renewal
| manpower_data =
| election1 =
| manpower_age =
| leader2_type = 1st Deputy Speaker
| available =
| leader2 = Peter Novák
| available_f =
| party2 = National Renewal
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| leader2_term = 18 September 2024
| reaching =
| leader3_type = 2nd Deputy Speaker
| reaching_f =
| leader3 = Robert Pekár
| active = 491,340
| party3 = National Renewal
| ranked = 7th
| election3 =
| reserve = 753,127
| leader3_term = 21 May 2020
| deployed =
| leader4_type =
<!-- Financial -->
| leader4 =
| amount = $101.3 billion
| party4 =
| percent_GDP = 4.5
| election4 =
<!-- Industrial -->
| leader4_term =
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{{Colorbox|#BC4444}} Hornat People's Party (9)<br>
{{Colorbox|#FE7F3B}} Bright Skoskie (8)<br>
{{Colorbox|#3A8AF9}} Masovia Advancement (6)<br>
{{Colorbox|#630000}} Alliance for Communism (3)<br>
{{Colorbox|#38E73B}} Fair and Free Holynia (1)<br>
{{Colorbox|#737373}} Independent (1)<br>
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}}
}}
The '''Národná Rada Holynska''' ({{wp|English language|English}}: '''National Council of Holynia''') is the {{wp|bicameral legislature}} of [[Holynia]], a unitary constitutional monarchy. Power is centralized but devolved through the constitution and legislation to regional governments, creating a framework for local governance without forming a federation. The [[Monarchy of Holynia|King of Holynia]] serves as the ceremonial head of state, while the [[Prime Minister of Holynia|Prime Minister]] and Cabinet exercise executive powers. However, all legislation requires Royal Assent to become law, underscoring the monarch’s constitutional role in Holynian governance.
{{sidebar
The current structure of the Národná Rada was established in 2001, following Holynia’s transition from communism to a parliamentary democracy. It consists of two houses; the Council of Representatives, which is directly elected, and the Council of Regions, which represents the interests of Holynia's 20 administrative regions.
| title = [[Royal Holyn Defence Forces|Holyn Kingdom<br/>Defence Forces]]
| image = [[File:Holyn Defence Force Small Emblem.png|180px]]
The '''Royal Holyn Defence Forces''' is the military force of [[Holynia]] comprising the [[Holyn Ground Force]], [[Royal Holyn Air Force]], [[Royal Holyn Navy]], [[Royal Holyn Strategic Forces]], along with two independent arms of service; the [[Royal Holyn Marines]] and the [[Holyn Airborne Assault Forces]].
Holynia has maintained a standing military since 1743, however the current interation traces its roots to the [[Holyn People's Army]] founded in 1925. This force was reformed in 1950 into the [[Holyn Armed Forces]]. The collapse of communist Holynia and separatist rebellion in Bogoria saw the [[Holyn Armed Forces]] begin to splinter and disintegrate. Elements of the military were accussed of war crimes, including ethnic cleansing. The military was reorganized in 2001 as the Holyn Defence Forces, adding the ''Royal'' prefix in 2002. The military underwent rebuilding and modernization in the 2000s and 2010s.
The head of the military is the Holyn monarch, currently [[King Mikulas I]], the figure that service members swear allegiance to. The constitution, however, vests ''de facto'' executive control of the military in the [[Prime Minister of Holynia|Prime Minister]] and [[Minister of Defence (Holynia)|Minister of Defence]]. The Chief of the General Staff leads the day to day operations of the military.
The Royal Holyn Defence Forces is authorized for 493,700 personnel under the FY2021 budget. The military is entirely volunteer based, with conscription ending in 2005. Civilians must still register for conscription once they reach 18 years of age, however, are not called for service. The military budget of Holynia is around $101.3 billion. Three branches of the military operate nuclear weapons, the Royal Holyn Air Force, Royal Holyn Navy and the Holyn Strategic Forces. Two independent uniformed security forces are seperate of the Royal Holyn Defence Forces and fall under the two Principalities of Holynia, Hornatyia and Masovia. These are the Hornatyian National Guard and Masovian National Guard.
|colors={{colorbox|#CF1020}} Red<br>{{colorbox|#0E0E17}} Black<br>{{colorbox|#D3D3D3}} Grey<br>{{colorbox|#798050}} Green
|colors_label=
|battles=[[Bogorian War for Independence]]<br>[[Holyn-Bogorian Border Conflict (2002-present)]]
<!-- Commanders -->
|commander1={{wp|Army General}}
|commander1_label=Commander of the Holyn Ground Forces
|commander2={{wp|Colonel General}}
|commander2_label=Deputy Commander of the Holyn Ground Forces
|identification_symbol= [[File:Flag of the Holyn Ground Forces.png|center|150px]]
|identification_symbol_label= Flag
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2_label=
|anniversaries= 3 March
}}
The '''Holyn Ground Forces''' ({{wp|Slovak language|Holyn}}: ''Holynské Pozemné Sily'') is the {{wp|Land army|land forces}} of the [[Royal Holyn Defence Forces]]. As of 2020, the Holyn Ground Forces has 190,000 active duty and 370,500 reserve personnel, totalling 580,500 personnel. It maintains forces across Holynia in both active duty and part time reserve roles.
== History ==
== History ==
The Holyn Ground Forces in its current form was formed on 20 May 2001, in the aftermath of the war in Bogoria. The Ground Forces inherited the personnel, command structure and equipment of the former communist Holyn Army. The military was in a rapid state of collapse with desertions, low morale, destroyed equipment, and limited funding. The military however was consumed with the ongoing war in Bogoria. A peace treaty was finally signed in 2002, with the Holyn military withdrawing from Bogoria throughout the summer. A massive demobilization had to be undertaken, writing off entire divisions deemed unneccesary in post-communist Holynia. The Ground Forces went from 20 divisions in 2002 to 9 by 2003.
The modern Národná Rada was established in 2001 following Holynia’s transition from a communist state to a parliamentary democracy. Prior to this, Holynia had a single-party legislature under communist rule, which was dissolved during the democratic reforms of the late 1990s. The 2001 reforms introduced the bicameral structure and mixed electoral system, designed to balance proportional representation with regional interests.
=== Post-war reforms ===
== Composition ==
Holynia's military was viewed as "inefficient" by the new government. Minister of Defence Cvesek stated a top to bottom reform had to occur. A post-war parliamentary commission also recommended the Ground Forces be rebuilt. The commission found a bloated officer corps and lack of NCOs led to poor control of the ground forces when dealing with the quasi insurgency in Bogoria. Contradictory orders led to failed operations and high casualties. Poor training, especially of infantry contributed to the high casaulty rate. Lack of coordination and communication with the Air Force meant air support, the biggest advantage the Holyn military had, was insufficient.
=== Council of Regions ===
The Council of Regions is the upper house of parliament and is composed of 100 members, with each of Holynia’s 20 regions electing five representatives. Members are selected indirectly by regional assemblies, reflecting the principle of equal regional representation, regardless of population.
=== Council of Representatives ===
The Council of Representatives is the lower house of the Národná Rada and consists of 600 seats. Members are elected every five years through a mixed electoral system that combines at-large constituencies with party lists and proportional representation. This system ensures a balance between regional accountability and proportional political representation.
In March 2003, the first reform plan was unveiled before the Narodna Rada. The Ground Forces would be reduced to a total personnel count of 400,000 active duty. Among other reforms proposed were ending conscription and reducing the number of commissioned officers.
The Národná Rada follows a structured legislative process:
'''2003 Reform Proposal'''
* Introduction of Bills: Legislation can be proposed by members of either house, the Prime Minister, or through citizen initiatives.
*Reduce Ground Forces from 750,000 active personnel to 400,000.
* Debate and Committee Review: Bills are debated in the Council of Representatives, with detailed examination conducted by specialized committees.
*Create a professional NCO corps.
* Council of Regions Review: The Council of Regions reviews bills passed by the lower house, offering amendments or recommendations to reflect regional interests.
*Reduce officer count.
* Approval and Royal Assent: Once approved by both chambers, the bill is sent to the monarch for Royal Assent. Although this is typically a formality, it is constitutionally required for the enactment of laws.
*End conscription by 2005.
=== Sessions ===
*Increase size of reserves.
The Národná Rada meets in regular sessions three times a year, with additional extraordinary sessions convened as needed. Sessions alternate between the chambers, although joint sessions may be called for significant national events or major policy debates.
*Increase personnel pay.
=== Committees ===
Both chambers rely on a network of specialized committees to review legislation, conduct investigations, and provide detailed analysis on key issues. These include committees on defense, foreign affairs, finance, education, and healthcare.
=== Investigative commissions ===
Members of the Národná Rada are empowered to conduct investigations if a committee and the Národná Rada vote to open a temporary investigative commission. They have broad powers related to the scope of the investigation. At the conclusion of an investigation, the findings are typically read and published to the whole of the Národná Rada. The Národná Rada can order the findings be published under seal, preventing their disclosure to the general public or be publicly read aloud in the chamber. An investigative commission can also forward their findings to the Prosecutor General.
== Location ==
The Národná Rada Holynska convenes in Narodný Palác (National Palace), a historic building in the capital city of Cizekporok. The complex includes:
The reforms began to implemented in the fall of 2003, with a series of buyouts of commissioned officers and merging several military academys. In January 2004, the new reserve structure was unveiled, with a officer corps and enlisted corps. The Defense Ministry set a goal of having 2 reserve divisions fully staffed with officers and enlisted personnel by 2005. In May 2004, the first NCO academy was established in Cizekporok at the former campus of the defunct Military-Political Academy.
* Assembly Hall of the Council of Representatives: A grand chamber designed to accommodate the 600 representatives.
* Council of Regions Chamber: A smaller, more formal chamber reflecting the deliberative nature of the upper house.
* Public Galleries: Spaces for citizens and the press to observe parliamentary sessions.
== Elections ==
Elections to both chambers of the Národná Rada are held every five years, although early elections may be called under specific circumstances, such as a failure to form a government.
=== Council of Representatives Elections ===
Significant reorganization of the structure of the Ground Forces continued throughout 2005. The Military Districts were dissolved, with the command structure changing from (Military District - Army - Division - Regiment) to (Unified Military Command - Division - Regiment). The Unified Military Commands would be unified commands for all branches of the Defence Forces, with the goal of creating better coordination between branches.
Elections to the Council of Representatives use a mixed-member proportional representation system, with voters casting two votes:
In February 2005, the final draft was held with 13,000 men conscripted into the Ground Forces for 12 month mandatory service. The new contract/volunteer program for enlisted personnel began with the 785th Recruitment Brigade established. Four more recruitment brigades would be founded in 2005 to assist with attracting and retaining contract personnel. The Ministry of Defence stated 40% of conscripts in 2005 opted to remain in the military, signing 4 year contracts. Higher pay was attributed to the rise in contract personnel, with pay rising from U$300/month for a conscript to U$1,900/month for a contract soldier.
* Constituency Vote: For a political party within their at-large constituency (300 seats).
* National List Vote: For a political party at the national level, which determines the allocation of the remaining 300 seats.
=== 2009 rearmament plan ===
To enter the Council of Representatives, a party must surpass a 5% national threshold or win at least one constituency seat. This system balances proportional representation with regional accountability.
=== 2018 reform plan ===
=== Council of Regions Elections ===
== Structure ==
The members of the Council of Regions are selected by regional assemblies. Each of Holynia’s 20 regions elects five representatives through a process determined by its regional legislature, ensuring diversity in representation while maintaining equal regional influence.
The Ground Forces are commanded by the Ground Forces Commander, a {{wp|Army General|General of the Army}}, from the Ground Forces Headquartes in the Defence Ministry building in Cizekporok. Three operation commands, Ground Force Operations Command, Ground Force Training and Support Command, and Special Operations Command are subordinate to the Ground Forces Command. The Capital Defence Command reports directly to the Ground Forces Headquarters and is independent of the other Ground Forces Command. Five geographic commands, roughly equivalent of a corps are subordinated to the Ground Force Operations Command. The five geographic commands consist of 2-3 motor rifle (combined arms) or tank (armoured) divisions.
== Incidents ==
=== Personnel branches ===
In 1999, the Holynian Parliament descended into chaos during a heated debate over the Spero Treaty Organization’s (STO) intervention in Bogoria, led by Cuscan troops. The intervention, aimed at quelling the escalating violence in the neighboring country, divided Holynian lawmakers. Pro-intervention factions, led by Foreign Minister Ivana Petrakova, supported the mission as a necessary step for regional stability, while nationalist hardliners, spearheaded by Marek Sidorov, condemned it as Cuscan imperialism encroaching on Holynia's sphere of influence. Tensions reached a boiling point when Sidorov’s accusations against the intervention provoked a fiery response from Petrakova, leading to shouting, physical intimidation, and an eventual eruption of violence on the parliamentary floor.
Personnel in the Holyn Ground Forces belong to a Personnel Branch applicable to their trade/unit. These include the Motorised Rifle (Infantry), Tank (Armoured), Artillery, Rocket Artillery, Air Defence Corps, Aviation Corps, among others. Several sub-branches gain additional distinction. These include (in order of precedence): ''Life-Guards'', ''Royal Guards'' and standard ''Guards'' units.
Motor Rifle troops are the infantry branch of the Ground Forces. They are equipped with a variety of weapons for different tasks including armored troop carriers, tanks, artillery, anti-aircraft weapons and mortars. The Ground Forces have 7 Motor Rifle divisions.
The altercation turned into a full-scale brawl, with lawmakers exchanging punches, shoves, and verbal attacks, causing significant chaos in the chamber. Parliamentary security struggled to restore order, with overturned chairs and scattered papers marking the aftermath of the melee. The incident garnered international attention, highlighting the deep divisions in Holynia over its foreign policy and fueling nationalist sentiment among the public. The brawl damaged the government’s credibility, polarized the country further, and became a symbol of Holynia’s volatile political climate during a critical moment in regional geopolitics.
Tank troops are the armored branch of the ground forces. Tank divisions are made up primarily by Tank regiments. Main battle tanks are the primary equipment of the tank troops, however other heavy weaponry including fire support vehicles support main battle tanks. Tank troops are geared as shock forces, meant to break through enemy lines and lead offensive operations. The Ground Forces has 5 Tank divisions.
'''Holynska Národná Obnova''' ({{wp|English language|English}}: Holyn National Renewal, HNO), commonly shortened to '''Národná Obnova''', is a right-wing political party in [[Holynia]], founded on June 22, 2015. The party was established through the merger of three political movements: Obnova, Svätá Ludová, and Akcia Teraz, consolidating their ideologies into a unified platform of conservatism, national liberalism, and national conservatism. Since its inception, HNO has grown to become the dominant political force in Holynia, leading the government under the leadership of its founder and chairperson, Renáta Mišurová, the current Prime Minister.
Artillery and Rocket Artillery troops make up artillery regiments. They are geared to support motor rifle troops and tank troops by providing fire support.
The party's headquarters is located at 51 Mlýnské údolí, Cizekporok, and its official color is blue.
==History==
The formation of National Renewal in 2015 was driven by a perceived need to unify the fragmented right-wing opposition to the ruling coalition at the time. Renáta Mišurová and Havel Řehák, prominent figures in Holynia’s conservative political circles, spearheaded the merger of Obnova, Svätá Ludová, and Akcia Teraz. The merger aimed to combine traditional values with modern political strategies, appealing to a broad base of voters concerned about issues such as immigration, national security, and economic stagnation.
The ''Life-Guards'' regiment, the 2nd Life-Guards Calvary Regiment, is the Household regiment of the Monarch of Holynia. This unit was renamed the 2nd Life-Guards Calvary Regiment from the 2nd Guards Tank Regiment ''Volen Hajek'', the household division of communist Holynia in 2003. They received honorary uniforms including a {{wp|Shako}} and red tunic. It remains a Tank or armoured regiment, with a higher honorary order of precedence over other military units.
HNO’s first electoral success came in the 2015 general election, where it secured 126 seats in the Council of Representatives, becoming the largest opposition party. By 2019, the party had solidified its support, achieving a historic victory with 301 seats, marking the first time a single party had come close to an outright majority under Holynia’s proportional representation system.
''Royal Guards'' are standard ''Guards'' units that have been designated as one of the additional Household divisions. They receive special uniforms, a ''Royal Guards'' badge and rotating duties of ceremonial duties. Two ''Royal Guards'' Regiments exist, the ''Royal Cizekporok Guards Motor Rifle Regiment'' and the ''Royal Bytca Guards Motor Rifle Regiment''. They receive additional uniform elements including Shakos and closed-collar tunics.
The 2019 election victory propelled Renáta Mišurová to the position of Prime Minister, and she has since led the government through successive terms, implementing a robust policy agenda focused on national sovereignty, economic liberalization, and cultural preservation.
== Ideology ==
Holyn National Renewal positions itself on the right-wing of Holynian politics, blending elements of conservatism, national liberalism, national conservatism, and right-wing populism. A strong emphasis on protecting Holynia’s independence, resisting external influences, and prioritizing Holynian interests in foreign policy. Národná Obnova has advocated for a free-market economy with limited government intervention, while promoting strategic industries to ensure national self-reliance. The party has committed to upholding traditional Holynian values and opposing what it sees as threats to the nation’s cultural identity. The party is in favour of implementing stricter immigration policies, citing concerns over security and social cohesion. Supporting increased defense spending and modernizing the armed forces to address emerging security threats.
''Guards'' units receive badges denoting their Guards status, but do not receive additional uniform elements. Instead, these units wear the standard Ground Force uniform.
NO’s messaging often includes populist themes, appealing to voters frustrated with the political establishment. The party’s rhetoric frequently criticizes globalism, unchecked immigration, and perceived elitism in Holynia’s political system.
All ''Guards'' designated units are usually made up by active duty personnel, but some Reserve personnel do serve in ''Guards'' units. Guards units receive the newest equipment, partly because of their elite status.
Opponents accuse the party of eroding democratic norms through aggressive rhetoric and centralization of power. The 2023 military action in Kifathe has been widely criticized as an overreach, with accusations that the government stoked tensions to justify the conflict. HNO’s immigration reforms have been labeled xenophobic by human rights organizations. The party has faced accusations of cronyism, though investigations have not led to formal charges.
Additional affiliations exist between units/branches. The Royal Holyn Artillery Regiment is an honorary distinction that several Artillery Regiments have received. Regardless of their status as ''Guards'' or non-''Guards'' units, they receive an honorary uniform. Armored and artillery troops as a whole receive black bands on their caps in-lieu of the standard Ground Force red band.
== Election results ==
Holyn National Renewal has demonstrated consistent electoral success since its founding, dominating both the Council of Representatives and the Council of Regions.
=== Council of Representatives===
* 2015: 126 seats
* 2019: 301 seats (peak performance)
* 2024: 275 seats
A soldiers branch also determines pay and post-service (veteran) benefits. Guards units receive elevated pay. Meanwhile, all other branches tend to receive a standard pay scale based on their individual contract. In addition, post-service benefits tend to be determined by which branch they served in.
=== Council of Regions ===
* 2024: 37 out of 100 seats
=== Personnel ===
While HNO saw a slight decline in the 2024 elections, it retained its status as the largest party in both chambers and remains the leading force in Holynian politics.
The personnel of the Ground Forces consist of 201,600 active duty and 370,500 reserve personnel. Regular Service personnel are active duty enlisted personnel. They are full-time professional soldiers who sign a four year initial contract and additional contracts between four to nine years. Primary Reserves consist mainly of combat and support units. The other aspect of reserve personnel are the Secondary Reserve, which primarily consist of support units. Both Reserves are paid and receive benefits, but at a lower scale compared to Regular Service personnel.
== Leadership ==
The party’s leadership has been a significant factor in its success, with Renáta Mišurová serving as its chairperson since its inception. Known for her pragmatic leadership and strong communication skills, Mišurová has guided the party through periods of both growth and controversy.
Conscription was the primary form of recruitment prior to 2005. All personnel since 2005, full-time and reserve, have been volunteers. Enlisted personnel that were originally conscripted prior to 2005 still remain in the ground forces. They make up 9% of active duty personnel and have voluntarily signed contracts since being enlisted.
Other notable figures within the party include:
==== Regular Service ====
* Havel Řehák, co-founder and architect of the party’s initial policy platform.
The Regular Service personnel are 190,600 active duty full-time enlisted and commissioned personnel. They are subject to deployment and have long term contracts. Training is subsidised for enlisted personnel, while officer cadets pay tuition which is then waived once they receive their commission. Regular Service personnel receive pay based on rank and length of service. They make up 52 regiments, 21 seperate battalions and 11 seperate companies. Many regiments are only enlisted from specific demographics or regions. Regular Service personnel make up the entirety of the household division (9th Guards Tank Household Division ''Cizekporok - Prince Vinazlec''). All other divisions divide regiments into Regular Service and Primary/Secondary Reserve.
* Martina Bohušová, Minister of Foreign Affairs and key advocate for HNO’s national sovereignty agenda.
* Lukáš Vojta, Minister of Defense and proponent of Holynia’s increased military spending.
All enlisted and officer cadet recruits receive 5 weeks of initial training, either Initial Soldier Training or Initial Cadet Training. Enlisted personnel then move onto specialised training of 9-12 weeks for their respective trade. Officer cadets will move onto their respective academy.
The party operates through a hierarchical structure with the Chairperson at the top, supported by a National Executive Committee responsible for strategic decisions. Local party branches play a critical role in organizing grassroots campaigns and voter outreach.
Many Regular Service personnel sign contracts which commit them to 2-5 years of Primary/Secondary Reserve service. All other enlisted Regular Service personnel who elect to leave either are discharged or become ''Immediate Reserve'', which is seperate from the Primary/Seconday Reserve. Immediate Reserve is a holdover from the Communist era. Immediate Reserve receive no pay and no obligation for training. In an emergency, Parliament may call up Immediate Reserve for active duty. In the Communist era, this duty was mandatory for all military personnel leaving on good terms, however since 2002 has been voluntary.
The party’s headquarters at 51 Mlýnské údolí, Cizekporok, serves as the central hub for policymaking, media relations, and coordination of national campaigns.
==== Primary Reserve ====
== Holyn Workers' Party ==
The Primary Service consists of 210,500 personnel. They are part-time volunteer soldiers, NCOs and reserve officers. Primary Reserve are both civilian volunteers and Regular Service personnel who volunteered for Primary Reserve. Primary Reserve undergo similar initial training to Regular Service personnel and receive ongoing training which they must attend at least 2 days per month. Primary Reserve personnel are assigned to units, similar to Regular Service units, but are only part time manned units. The Primary Reserve staffs all front line reserve units along with support units. Most Divisions feature a 40/60 mix of Regular Service and Reserve personnel. Primary Reserve may be called up for service by the Minister of Defence for up to 365 days.
{{Infobox political party
==== Secondary Reserve ====
| name = Holyn Workers' Party
Secondary Reserve consists of 160,000 part time personnel. Secondary Reserve undergos similar training to the Primary Reserve. Secondary Reserve staff most support divisions and several administrative units. They do not serve in front-line units, receive less pay than Regular Service or Primary Reserve personnel. They must attend drills 2 days per month and may be activated for up to 365 days by the Minister of Defence. Secondary Reserve heavily recruits medical, clerical and other skilled trades to man specific units.
The '''Holyn Workers' Party''' ({{wp|Slovak language|Hornat}}: '''Holynská Robotnícka Strana''', '''HRS''') is a major left-wing political party in [[Holynia]]. Initially established as the ruling party of communist Holynia, it has since transitioned into a key player in the country’s democratic political system. The HRS has historically positioned itself as a champion of labor rights, social justice, and progressive economic policies, but its legacy as the former vanguard of a one-party state has continued to shape its identity and influence its trajectory.
=== Organization ===
== History ==
The Holyn Ground Forces are made up into 7 Motor Rifle Divisions (Combined arms) and 5 Tank Divisions (Armored). Motor Rifle Divisions typically have 1-2 tank regiments, 3-4 motor rifle regiments, 1-2 artillery regiments, an air defence regiment and 8 additional battalions consisting of anti-tank, engineering, intelligence, reconassiance, signals, NBC-defence, transport, supply/logistics, maintenance, and medical units. In addition 1-2 aviation company(s). Tank divisions reverse the order of Tank and Motor Rifle regiments. A division will consist of active duty units and reserve units.
=== Foundation and single-party rule (1921–1998) ===
{| class="wikitable"
The Holyn Workers' Party was founded in 1921 by Volen Hajek. The party grew in popularity by associating with trade unions and opposing the unpopular government. It soon formed an armed faction and courted members of the military. This buildup and growing opposition to the ruling class saw Holynia fall into civil war. The civil war resulted in a victory for the Workers' Party and its allies. The Workers' Party centralized its rule and pushed out opposition, with Hajek ruling Holynia as a single party state. The Workers' Party functioned to serve as the ruling political organization of the Holyn Socialist States. During this period, it controlled all aspects of political and economic life, implementing centralized planning and collectivization policies. While it oversaw industrialization and expanded access to healthcare and education, its rule was marked by widespread repression, limited political freedoms, and economic stagnation in its later years.
|-
=== Democratic Transition and Reformation ===
!Type of unit
Following the fall of communism in Holynia in 1998, the HRS was forced to relinquish its monopoly on power. Many of its leaders were ousted, and the party underwent a significant transformation, abandoning its communist ideology in favor of democratic socialism. During the 2000s, it struggled to rebuild its support base in a competitive political landscape dominated by center-right and liberal parties. The party inherited much of the real estate and financial assets from the communist era. Some party assets were seized during decommunization efforts in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
!Field Army (Wartime)
!Commands (Peacetime)
!Division
!Battlegroup
!Regiment
!Company, Squadron, Battery
!Platoon or Troop
![[Section (military unit)|Section]]
![[Fireteam|Fire team]]
|-
!Contains
|3 divisions
|2 divisions
|6-9 regiments, 9-10 support battalions, 2-3 support companies
|3–5 regiments
|4–6 companies
|3 platoons
|3 sections
|2 fire teams
|4 individuals
|-
!Personnel
|37,000
|25,000
|12,000
|5,000
|700–1,000
|120
|30
|8–10
|4
|-
!Commanded by
|''Armádní generál''
|''Armádní generál''
|''Generálporučík''
|''Podplukovník''
|''Podplukovník''
|''Major''
|''Nadporučík'' or ''Poručík''
|''Rotný''
|''Četař''
|}
== Equipment ==
By the early 2000s, under the leadership of reformist figures, the HRS successfully rebranded itself as a modern left-wing party, advocating for social welfare programs, labor rights, and equitable economic policies.
|{{wp|Anti-aircraft system|AA}} systems || 1,137 || ≈900
|}
{{Gallery
The HRS formed its first government in democratic Holynia after winning the 2003 general elections, benefiting from public discontent with the economic inequality and privatization efforts of the early 2000s. The party's administration expanded welfare programs, strengthened labor protections, and pursued moderate economic reforms. However, allegations of corruption and inefficiency led to its defeat in 2009.
|title=List of equipment of the Holyn Ground Forces
After a period in opposition, the HRS returned to power in 2015, led by a new generation of leaders promising progressive reforms. Its policies focused on addressing income inequality, expanding public healthcare, and investing in education. However, internal divisions and growing criticism over its handling of economic challenges resulted in another electoral defeat in 2019.
In the 2024 general elections, the HRS suffered a significant loss to the ruling coalition led by Prime Minister Renáta Mišurová. This defeat marked a period of introspection and internal debate within the party. The resignation of its long-serving leader triggered a leadership race, revealing a rift between moderates seeking to maintain the party’s progressive platform and hardliners advocating for a return to policies reminiscent of Holynia's communist era.
**'''9th Guards Tank Household Division'''
***Division Headquarters
***12th Command Brigade
***2nd Royal Life Guards Tank Regiment (HT-15, HT-90AZ, BVP-3, OT-6)
***4th Guards Tank Regiment (HT-90AZ, HT-85BV, OT-5)
***5th Royal Guards Hussars Regiment (HT-90AZ, HT-85BV, BVP-3, OT-5)
***3rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (HT-85BV, BVP-3, OT-6, OT-5)
***93rd Guards Artillery Regiment (MD-93, MD-80V)
***651st Rocket Artillery Regiment (RM-70, RM-91)
***60th Guards Air Defence Regiment (PS-08, PS-87, PS-88)
***191st Anti-Tank Battalion
***90th Guards Engineer Battalion
***53rd Guards ISTAR Battalion
***79th Signals Battalion
***23rd Guards NBC-defence Battalion
***70th NBC-defence Battalion
***501st Aviation Company
***156th Medical Battalion
***1st Maintenance Battalion
***10th Logistics/Supply Battalion
*'''Special Operations Command'''
**15th Special Operations Brigade
**18th Special Operations Brigade
==== Ground Force Training and Support Command ====
Since 2024, the party’s hardline faction has gained prominence, calling for a radical shift in the HRS's agenda. These members argue that the party should embrace more state control over the economy, nationalize key industries, and adopt a stronger stance against neoliberal policies. Critics have warned that this shift could alienate moderate voters and damage the party’s credibility in democratic Holynia.
*'''Military Academy of the General Staff'''
=== Ideology ===
*'''Combined Arms Academy'''
The HRS identifies as a democratic socialist party, focusing on expanding access to healthcare, education, and housing. Advocating for workers rights by protecting labor unions and ensuring fair wages. Reducing income inequality through progressive taxation and public investments.
**Engineering Institute
**Artillery Institute
**Signals and Communications Institude
*'''Military Logistics Academy'''
*'''NBC Protection Academy'''
**NBC warfare Insitute
*'''Military Engineering College'''
**Maintanence Institute
*'''Warrant Officer Academy'''
*'''Officer Academy'''
*'''Active Combined Arms Training Regiment'''
*'''Initial Military Training'''
**Leader Option Brigade
**Warfare Training Brigade
==== Ground Operations Command ====
While moderates emphasize collaboration with other parties and pragmatic governance, hardliners within the party advocate for a more confrontational approach and a return to state-dominated economic policies.
*'''Northern Military Command''' (Bystrica, Holynia)
**'''1st Guards Tank Division''' (HT-85BV2, HT-85BV, BVP-3, BVP-2, OT-6, OT-5)
***15th Tank Regiment
***11th Guards Tank Regiment
***56th Tank Regiment
***59th Tank Regiment
***7th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment
***50th Guards Artillery Regiment
***Royal Artillery Regiment
***8th Rocket Artillery Regiment
***7th Air Defence Regiment
***20th Air Defence Regiment
***97th Reconaisiance Company
***83rd Anti-Tank Battalion
***91st Guards Anti-Tank Battalion
***457th Intelligence Battalion
***95th Signals Battalion
***905th NBC-defence Battalion
***12th Aviation Company
***451st Medical Battalion
***100th Maintenance Battalion
***204th Logistics/Supply Battalion
**'''4th Guards Motor Rifle Division''' (HT-90, HT-85BV, BVP-2, OT-6, OT-5)
== List of equipment of the Royal Holyn Marines ==
=== Election results ===
{| class="wikitable"
The HRS remains one of Holynia’s largest political parties, but its support has fluctuated over the years. It has traditionally drawn strong backing from rural workers, public sector employees, and older voters nostalgic for the stability of the communist era.
|{{flag|Holynia}}|| 125mm main battle tank || HT-15A
|| Active: 60<br>On order: 340
|| Ministry of Defence reviewing an additional 200 unit order by 2023.
|-
|[[HT-90 Pružný]]||[[File:Ukrainian_preparations_for_SETC-2018_03_(cropped).jpg|150px]][[File:BM_Oplot,_Kyiv_2018,_04.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| 125mm main battle tank || HT-90AZ
----HT-90B
----HT-90V
|| Active: 453<br>Reserve: 40
----Active: 161<br>Reserve: 91
----Active: 200
|| HT-90AZ - HT-90A upgraded with new sights and sensors, Clona-4 reactive armor replaced Clona-3.<br>HT-90B - Introduced in 2005, retains Clona-3 reactive armor.<br>HT-90V - Most recent variant of HT-90.
|-
|[[HT-85]]||[[File:4th_Guards_Kantemirovskaya_Tank_Division_(395-37).jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:4thTankDivisionOpenDay17p1-05.jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:T-80BVM.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| 125mm main battle tank || HT-85B
----HT-85BV
----HT-85BV2
|| Active: 35<br>Reserve: 778
----Active: 437<br>Reserve: 1,192
----Active: 119
|| HT-85B - Unupgraded HT-85B will be retired by 2025.<br>HT-85BV - A number of HT-85BV vehicles in reserve to be reactivated to replace HT-75. Adds independent thermal imaging sights for the commander. Removes infrared search light.<br>HT-85BV2 - Adds Clona-5 reactive armor.
|-
|[[HT-75]]||[[File:Best_tank_platoon_of_UAF_competition,_Ukraine_2019,_01.jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:BM_«Bulat»_in_Kyiv.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| 125mm main battle tank || HT-75B
----HT-75BV
|| Active: 125<br>Reserve: 168
----Active: 37
|| HT-75B - Entire fleet will be retired by 2022.<br>HT-75BV - Upgrade program cancelled in 2017 in favour of HT-15.
|-
! colspan="7" style="align: center;" |{{wp|Fire support vehicle}}
|-
|[[VPT-20]]||[[File:Bmpt_REA_2009.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Tank combat support vehicle || VPT-20
|| Active: 30
|| Based on HT-85 chassis.
|-
|[[VPT-10]]||[[File:BMPT_Strazh_01.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Tank combat support vehicle || VPT-10
|| BVP-3A - Armed with 100 mm gun/30 mm autocannon.<br>BVP-3V-K - Increased armour, new 30 mm autocannon turrett.<br>BVP-3V-G - Increased armour, improved thermal sights, armed with 100 mm gun/30 mm autocannon.
|| Equipped with 20mm gun, improved sights and increased armor. No longer amphibious due to added weight. Outstanding orders cancelled in 2018 due to suspension issues.
|[[PS-41]]||[[File:Army-2018-51.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || VPT-10
|| Active: 57<br>Reserve: 48
||
|-
|[[PS-3]]||[[File:Army-2020-074.JPG|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || VPT-20
|| Active: 53
|| BVP-3 with anti-aircraft gun
|-
|[[PS-08]]||[[File:Pantsir-S1_(tracked)_-_Engineering_Technologies_2012_-1.jpg|150px]]<br>[[File:Moscow_Victory_Parade_2010_-_Training_on_May_4_-_img17.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || PS-08S
----PS-08K
|| Active: 188
----Active: 290
||
|-
|[[PS-87]]||[[File:2008_Moscow_May_Parade_Rehearsal_-_Tunguska.JPG|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || VPT-20
|| Active: 163<br>Reserve: 90
||
|-
|[[PS-88]]||[[File:VDay_Parade_Rehearsal_Moscow04.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || VPT-20
|| Active: 107<br>Reserve: 82
||
|-
|[[PS-72]]||[[File:9A34_Strela-10_-_4th_Separate_Tank_Brigade_(8).jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Self propelled short range air defense system || VPT-20
|| Active: 85<br>Reserve: 31
||
|-
|[[PS-88]]||[[File:9K33_Osa_of_the_Russian_Army.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium range surface to air missile complex || VPT-20
|| Active: 310<br>Reserve: 104
||
|-
|[[PS-74]]||[[File:Бойові_стрільби_зенітних_ракетних_підрозділів_Повітряних_Сил_та_Сухопутних_військ_ЗС_України_(31894598818).jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium range surface to air missile complex || VPT-20
|| Active: 62<br>Reserve: 20
||
|-
|[[PS-95]]||[[File:Расчеты_ЗРК_«Бук-М3»_отразили_удар_условного_противника_по_пункту_базирования_кораблей_Каспийской_флотилии_в_Дагестане.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium range surface to air missile complex || PS-95
|| Active: 30
||
|-
|[[PS-105]]||[[File:S-300_-_2009_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_(2).jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Long range surface to air missile complex || PS-105
|| Active: 42
||
|-
|[[PS-12]]||[[File:MAKS2013firstpix02.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Long range surface to air missile complex || PS-12
|| Active: 2
||
|-
|[[PS-110]]||[[File:ЗРК_С-400_Триумф_(SA-21)_на_репетиции_4_мая_2010.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Long range surface to air missile complex || PS-110
|| Active: 23
||
|-
|[[PS-100]]||[[File:9A83ME_TEL_-_Antey-2500_SAM_02.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Long-range surface to air missile complex || PS-100
|[[P-99]]||[[File:Kornet-T_in_1000th_Training_Center_of_Rocket_and_Artillery_Troops_01.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Mobile anti-tank guided missile system || P-99
|| 207
||
|-
|[[P-98]]||[[File:Khrizantema_1.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Mobile anti-tank guided missile system || P-98
|| 72
||
|-
|[[P-15]]||[[File:Novator,_Kyiv_2019,_02.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Mobile anti-tank guided missile system || P-15
|[[D-6510]]||[[File:KrAZ-6510,_Kyiv_2021,_01.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-6510
||
||
|-
|[[D-7510]]||[[File:KrAZ-7634,_Kyiv_2021,_01.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-7510
||
||
|-
|[[D-7710]]||[[File:Tatra_8x8,_Kyiv_2021,_01.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-7710
||
||
|-
|[[D-055]]||[[File:Kraz_6322.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-055
|| 500+
||
|-
|[[D-050]]||[[File:790th_Fighter_Order_of_Kutuzov_3rd_class_Aviation_Regiment,_Khotilovo_airbase_(356-28).jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-050
|| 1,000+
||
|-
|[[D-045]]||[[File:KrAZ_255.JPG|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-050
|| 200+
||
|-
|[[D-060]]||[[File:Interpolitex_2011_(402-31).jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-050
|| 200+
||
|-
|[[D-070]]||[[File:KAMAZ-5350_military_truck_of_Russia.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Heavy truck || D-050
|| 200+
||
|-
|[[D-071]]||[[File:KrAZ-5233VE_in_Kyiv.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium truck || D-050
|| 200+
||
|-
|[[D-078]]||[[File:КАМАЗ-4350.JPG|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium truck || D-050
|| 500+
||
|-
|[[D-099]]||[[File:A-Jelcz_442.32.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium truck || D-050
||
||
|-
|[[D-091]]||[[File:Interpolitex2016part2-11.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium truck || D-050
||
||
|-
|[[D-103]]||[[File:Army2016-343.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Medium truck || D-050
||
||
|-
|[[TD-90]]||[[File:ГАЗ-3344.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Tracked transport vehicle || D-050
||
||
|-
|[[TD-95]]||[[File:Army2016demo-146.jpg|150px]]||{{flag|Holynia}}|| Tracked transport vehicle || D-050
National Renewal (37) Supported by (14) Civic Party (14) His Majesty's Official Opposition (16) Workers' Party (16) Other Opposition (36) Greens (14) Social Left (11)
National Renewal (275) Supported by (36) Civic Party (36) His Majesty's Official Opposition (161) Workers' Party (161) Other Opposition (92) Greens (42) Social Left (36) Liberals (22) Hornat People's Party (9) Bright Skoskie (8) Masovia Advancement (6) Alliance for Communism (3) Fair and Free Holynia (1)
Independent (1)
The Národná Rada Holynska (English: National Council of Holynia) is the bicameral legislature of Holynia, a unitary constitutional monarchy. Power is centralized but devolved through the constitution and legislation to regional governments, creating a framework for local governance without forming a federation. The King of Holynia serves as the ceremonial head of state, while the Prime Minister and Cabinet exercise executive powers. However, all legislation requires Royal Assent to become law, underscoring the monarch’s constitutional role in Holynian governance.
The current structure of the Národná Rada was established in 2001, following Holynia’s transition from communism to a parliamentary democracy. It consists of two houses; the Council of Representatives, which is directly elected, and the Council of Regions, which represents the interests of Holynia's 20 administrative regions.
History
The modern Národná Rada was established in 2001 following Holynia’s transition from a communist state to a parliamentary democracy. Prior to this, Holynia had a single-party legislature under communist rule, which was dissolved during the democratic reforms of the late 1990s. The 2001 reforms introduced the bicameral structure and mixed electoral system, designed to balance proportional representation with regional interests.
Composition
Council of Regions
The Council of Regions is the upper house of parliament and is composed of 100 members, with each of Holynia’s 20 regions electing five representatives. Members are selected indirectly by regional assemblies, reflecting the principle of equal regional representation, regardless of population.
Council of Representatives
The Council of Representatives is the lower house of the Národná Rada and consists of 600 seats. Members are elected every five years through a mixed electoral system that combines at-large constituencies with party lists and proportional representation. This system ensures a balance between regional accountability and proportional political representation.
The Národná Rada follows a structured legislative process:
Introduction of Bills: Legislation can be proposed by members of either house, the Prime Minister, or through citizen initiatives.
Debate and Committee Review: Bills are debated in the Council of Representatives, with detailed examination conducted by specialized committees.
Council of Regions Review: The Council of Regions reviews bills passed by the lower house, offering amendments or recommendations to reflect regional interests.
Approval and Royal Assent: Once approved by both chambers, the bill is sent to the monarch for Royal Assent. Although this is typically a formality, it is constitutionally required for the enactment of laws.
Sessions
The Národná Rada meets in regular sessions three times a year, with additional extraordinary sessions convened as needed. Sessions alternate between the chambers, although joint sessions may be called for significant national events or major policy debates.
Committees
Both chambers rely on a network of specialized committees to review legislation, conduct investigations, and provide detailed analysis on key issues. These include committees on defense, foreign affairs, finance, education, and healthcare.
Investigative commissions
Members of the Národná Rada are empowered to conduct investigations if a committee and the Národná Rada vote to open a temporary investigative commission. They have broad powers related to the scope of the investigation. At the conclusion of an investigation, the findings are typically read and published to the whole of the Národná Rada. The Národná Rada can order the findings be published under seal, preventing their disclosure to the general public or be publicly read aloud in the chamber. An investigative commission can also forward their findings to the Prosecutor General.
Location
The Národná Rada Holynska convenes in Narodný Palác (National Palace), a historic building in the capital city of Cizekporok. The complex includes:
Assembly Hall of the Council of Representatives: A grand chamber designed to accommodate the 600 representatives.
Council of Regions Chamber: A smaller, more formal chamber reflecting the deliberative nature of the upper house.
Public Galleries: Spaces for citizens and the press to observe parliamentary sessions.
Elections
Elections to both chambers of the Národná Rada are held every five years, although early elections may be called under specific circumstances, such as a failure to form a government.
Council of Representatives Elections
Elections to the Council of Representatives use a mixed-member proportional representation system, with voters casting two votes:
Constituency Vote: For a political party within their at-large constituency (300 seats).
National List Vote: For a political party at the national level, which determines the allocation of the remaining 300 seats.
To enter the Council of Representatives, a party must surpass a 5% national threshold or win at least one constituency seat. This system balances proportional representation with regional accountability.
Council of Regions Elections
The members of the Council of Regions are selected by regional assemblies. Each of Holynia’s 20 regions elects five representatives through a process determined by its regional legislature, ensuring diversity in representation while maintaining equal regional influence.
Incidents
In 1999, the Holynian Parliament descended into chaos during a heated debate over the Spero Treaty Organization’s (STO) intervention in Bogoria, led by Cuscan troops. The intervention, aimed at quelling the escalating violence in the neighboring country, divided Holynian lawmakers. Pro-intervention factions, led by Foreign Minister Ivana Petrakova, supported the mission as a necessary step for regional stability, while nationalist hardliners, spearheaded by Marek Sidorov, condemned it as Cuscan imperialism encroaching on Holynia's sphere of influence. Tensions reached a boiling point when Sidorov’s accusations against the intervention provoked a fiery response from Petrakova, leading to shouting, physical intimidation, and an eventual eruption of violence on the parliamentary floor.
The altercation turned into a full-scale brawl, with lawmakers exchanging punches, shoves, and verbal attacks, causing significant chaos in the chamber. Parliamentary security struggled to restore order, with overturned chairs and scattered papers marking the aftermath of the melee. The incident garnered international attention, highlighting the deep divisions in Holynia over its foreign policy and fueling nationalist sentiment among the public. The brawl damaged the government’s credibility, polarized the country further, and became a symbol of Holynia’s volatile political climate during a critical moment in regional geopolitics.
Holynska Národná Obnova (English: Holyn National Renewal, HNO), commonly shortened to Národná Obnova, is a right-wing political party in Holynia, founded on June 22, 2015. The party was established through the merger of three political movements: Obnova, Svätá Ludová, and Akcia Teraz, consolidating their ideologies into a unified platform of conservatism, national liberalism, and national conservatism. Since its inception, HNO has grown to become the dominant political force in Holynia, leading the government under the leadership of its founder and chairperson, Renáta Mišurová, the current Prime Minister.
The party's headquarters is located at 51 Mlýnské údolí, Cizekporok, and its official color is blue.
History
The formation of National Renewal in 2015 was driven by a perceived need to unify the fragmented right-wing opposition to the ruling coalition at the time. Renáta Mišurová and Havel Řehák, prominent figures in Holynia’s conservative political circles, spearheaded the merger of Obnova, Svätá Ludová, and Akcia Teraz. The merger aimed to combine traditional values with modern political strategies, appealing to a broad base of voters concerned about issues such as immigration, national security, and economic stagnation.
HNO’s first electoral success came in the 2015 general election, where it secured 126 seats in the Council of Representatives, becoming the largest opposition party. By 2019, the party had solidified its support, achieving a historic victory with 301 seats, marking the first time a single party had come close to an outright majority under Holynia’s proportional representation system.
The 2019 election victory propelled Renáta Mišurová to the position of Prime Minister, and she has since led the government through successive terms, implementing a robust policy agenda focused on national sovereignty, economic liberalization, and cultural preservation.
Ideology
Holyn National Renewal positions itself on the right-wing of Holynian politics, blending elements of conservatism, national liberalism, national conservatism, and right-wing populism. A strong emphasis on protecting Holynia’s independence, resisting external influences, and prioritizing Holynian interests in foreign policy. Národná Obnova has advocated for a free-market economy with limited government intervention, while promoting strategic industries to ensure national self-reliance. The party has committed to upholding traditional Holynian values and opposing what it sees as threats to the nation’s cultural identity. The party is in favour of implementing stricter immigration policies, citing concerns over security and social cohesion. Supporting increased defense spending and modernizing the armed forces to address emerging security threats.
NO’s messaging often includes populist themes, appealing to voters frustrated with the political establishment. The party’s rhetoric frequently criticizes globalism, unchecked immigration, and perceived elitism in Holynia’s political system.
Opponents accuse the party of eroding democratic norms through aggressive rhetoric and centralization of power. The 2023 military action in Kifathe has been widely criticized as an overreach, with accusations that the government stoked tensions to justify the conflict. HNO’s immigration reforms have been labeled xenophobic by human rights organizations. The party has faced accusations of cronyism, though investigations have not led to formal charges.
Election results
Holyn National Renewal has demonstrated consistent electoral success since its founding, dominating both the Council of Representatives and the Council of Regions.
Council of Representatives
2015: 126 seats
2019: 301 seats (peak performance)
2024: 275 seats
Council of Regions
2024: 37 out of 100 seats
While HNO saw a slight decline in the 2024 elections, it retained its status as the largest party in both chambers and remains the leading force in Holynian politics.
Leadership
The party’s leadership has been a significant factor in its success, with Renáta Mišurová serving as its chairperson since its inception. Known for her pragmatic leadership and strong communication skills, Mišurová has guided the party through periods of both growth and controversy.
Other notable figures within the party include:
Havel Řehák, co-founder and architect of the party’s initial policy platform.
Martina Bohušová, Minister of Foreign Affairs and key advocate for HNO’s national sovereignty agenda.
Lukáš Vojta, Minister of Defense and proponent of Holynia’s increased military spending.
The party operates through a hierarchical structure with the Chairperson at the top, supported by a National Executive Committee responsible for strategic decisions. Local party branches play a critical role in organizing grassroots campaigns and voter outreach.
The party’s headquarters at 51 Mlýnské údolí, Cizekporok, serves as the central hub for policymaking, media relations, and coordination of national campaigns.
The Holyn Workers' Party (Hornat: Holynská Robotnícka Strana, HRS) is a major left-wing political party in Holynia. Initially established as the ruling party of communist Holynia, it has since transitioned into a key player in the country’s democratic political system. The HRS has historically positioned itself as a champion of labor rights, social justice, and progressive economic policies, but its legacy as the former vanguard of a one-party state has continued to shape its identity and influence its trajectory.
History
Foundation and single-party rule (1921–1998)
The Holyn Workers' Party was founded in 1921 by Volen Hajek. The party grew in popularity by associating with trade unions and opposing the unpopular government. It soon formed an armed faction and courted members of the military. This buildup and growing opposition to the ruling class saw Holynia fall into civil war. The civil war resulted in a victory for the Workers' Party and its allies. The Workers' Party centralized its rule and pushed out opposition, with Hajek ruling Holynia as a single party state. The Workers' Party functioned to serve as the ruling political organization of the Holyn Socialist States. During this period, it controlled all aspects of political and economic life, implementing centralized planning and collectivization policies. While it oversaw industrialization and expanded access to healthcare and education, its rule was marked by widespread repression, limited political freedoms, and economic stagnation in its later years.
Democratic Transition and Reformation
Following the fall of communism in Holynia in 1998, the HRS was forced to relinquish its monopoly on power. Many of its leaders were ousted, and the party underwent a significant transformation, abandoning its communist ideology in favor of democratic socialism. During the 2000s, it struggled to rebuild its support base in a competitive political landscape dominated by center-right and liberal parties. The party inherited much of the real estate and financial assets from the communist era. Some party assets were seized during decommunization efforts in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
By the early 2000s, under the leadership of reformist figures, the HRS successfully rebranded itself as a modern left-wing party, advocating for social welfare programs, labor rights, and equitable economic policies.
The HRS formed its first government in democratic Holynia after winning the 2003 general elections, benefiting from public discontent with the economic inequality and privatization efforts of the early 2000s. The party's administration expanded welfare programs, strengthened labor protections, and pursued moderate economic reforms. However, allegations of corruption and inefficiency led to its defeat in 2009.
After a period in opposition, the HRS returned to power in 2015, led by a new generation of leaders promising progressive reforms. Its policies focused on addressing income inequality, expanding public healthcare, and investing in education. However, internal divisions and growing criticism over its handling of economic challenges resulted in another electoral defeat in 2019.
Recent Developments
In the 2024 general elections, the HRS suffered a significant loss to the ruling coalition led by Prime Minister Renáta Mišurová. This defeat marked a period of introspection and internal debate within the party. The resignation of its long-serving leader triggered a leadership race, revealing a rift between moderates seeking to maintain the party’s progressive platform and hardliners advocating for a return to policies reminiscent of Holynia's communist era.
Since 2024, the party’s hardline faction has gained prominence, calling for a radical shift in the HRS's agenda. These members argue that the party should embrace more state control over the economy, nationalize key industries, and adopt a stronger stance against neoliberal policies. Critics have warned that this shift could alienate moderate voters and damage the party’s credibility in democratic Holynia.
Ideology
The HRS identifies as a democratic socialist party, focusing on expanding access to healthcare, education, and housing. Advocating for workers rights by protecting labor unions and ensuring fair wages. Reducing income inequality through progressive taxation and public investments.
While moderates emphasize collaboration with other parties and pragmatic governance, hardliners within the party advocate for a more confrontational approach and a return to state-dominated economic policies.
Election results
The HRS remains one of Holynia’s largest political parties, but its support has fluctuated over the years. It has traditionally drawn strong backing from rural workers, public sector employees, and older voters nostalgic for the stability of the communist era.
Leadership
The party’s leadership has been instrumental in shaping its direction. Past leaders include:
Andrej Sedláček (2000–2009): Oversaw the party’s first democratic government.
Vincent Jeleň (2009-2014): Largely viewed as an interim leader, defeated in the 2012 election.
Štefan Jahnátek (2014–2024): Led the HRS’s return to power with a progressive platform.
Kryštof Lázňovský (2024-present): Far-left economist advocating for a strong central government.
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