Republic of Norteno

Federal Republic of Norteno Norteno Republic Norteno
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: “Live Long And Prosper”
Anthem: Melody of Houston
Globe Projection of the Norteno Republic
Political Map of the Norteno Republic
Capital	San Fransisco
Largest city	Los Angeles
Official languages	English and Spanish
Recognised national languages	English, Spanish, Tewa, Dine and Apache
Ethnic groups	White / European Decent (66.1%) Mexican/Latino(28.9%) Native Americans(4.0%)
Demonym(s)	Nortenian
Government	Federal Presidential Constitutional Republic
• President	Vicente González
• Vice President	Aaron Gardner
• Chief Justice	Jack Vedder
Legislature	Nortenian National Council (NNC)
• Upper house	House of Federals
• Lower house	House of Commons
Independence from Mexico
• Republic of Texas	March 2nd 1836 - September 21st 1841
• California Republic	January 2nd 1837 - June 15th 1860
• Texan Military Junta	September 21st 1841 - April 12th 1846
• 2nd Republic of Texas	April 12th 1846 - June 15th 1860
• Unification	June 15th 1860
Population
• 2019 estimate	88 Million
• Density	60/km2 (155.4/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	$4,500,000,000,000
• Per capita	$54,217
Gini (2020)	33.2 medium
HDI (2020)	0.83 very high
Currency	Nortenian Dollar (ND)
Time zone	PST, MST, CST
Date format	mm-dd-yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+3
Internet TLD	.frn

The Federal Republic of Norteno, commonly known as the Norteno Republic or Norteno, is a country consisting of 9 states and a federal district. At 863,454 mi² (1389594 km²), it is the thirty-third largest country by land area. The country is located in Central North America between the United States and Mexico. With an estimated population of over 83 million, the Norteno Republic is the twentieth most populous country in the world (after Germany and proceeding Thailand). The capital is San Francisco, and the most populous city is Los Angeles.

The nation's history began with the Texan Revolution in 1836, gaining independence from Mexico. Soon following would be the Californian Revolution in 1837, who had the same goal in mind. Both of these nations had rough starts with a Military Coup in Texas and a Economic Collapse in California in 1841 and 1842. In 1846 the 2nd Republic of Texas came to prominence when the military dictator reopened elections and a boom in economy with the discovery of iron, sulfur, and eventually Oil along side the state sponsored industrialization. Texas aided California in their economic failure and offered a Southwestern Economic Union with the Texan Coin in 1848. The 1850's saw these nations grow and make a presence in the world. In 1860 California and Texas United their forces to fight the oncoming American forces in the Southwestern Liberation War because of their Manifest Destiny Policy. On June 15th these nations united their governments to form the Norteno Republic. The United States offers a white Peace as they were experiencing international pressure and a new Civil War in 1861.  

Almost immediately, the nation became culturally close to the United States. In 1868 the nation purchased Baja California from Mexico, later named the Baja Purchace. In 1872 the nation is shunned by the international community by committing a genocide of Mormons in Utah and the Natives in New Mexico by forcing them into the Phoenix Territory along the Expedition of Blood. In 1914 the Norteno Republic joins the Entente in the Great War (later called World War I [WW1 or WWI]) due to the the absence of the United states, making them a dominant power in the Americas, conflicting with the United States. In 1941 the Norteno Republic joins World War II (WW2 or WWII) with the attack on the American Naval Base of Pearl Harbor, eventually forging better relations with the Americans. The nation lost influence throughout the Cold War in order to Put Norteno First. In 2001 Norteno joins the War on Terror with the United States, Britain and other Coalition Forces.

History

Pre-Colombian (7000 BC-1521)

The first known inhabitants of Norteno that can be traced back was around 7000 BC from the descendants of the peoples who crossed the Beringia land bridge between eastern Siberia and present-day Alaska from 17000 BC to 11000 BC. What these peoples were called are still unknown but seem to be the predecessors of the Navajo Peoples. As time passed and cultures developed the 4 cultural groups that were found in the modern day borders would be Californian, Southwest, Great Basin and Great Plain Cultures, including the Navajo, Apache, Pomo and Pueblo Tribes. By 1000 BC these tribes began thier agricultural revolution, especially the Pueblo societies. Upon the arrival of the Europeans in the "New World", native peoples found their culture changed drastically, especially the ones under Spanish Rule. As such, their affiliation with political and cultural groups changed as well, several linguistic groups went extinct, and others changed quite quickly. The name and cultures that Europeans recorded for the natives were not necessarily the same as the ones they had used a few generations before, or the ones in use today.  

Under Spain(1521-1821)

After Columbus discovered the continent and the Spanish climbed up Mexico, they reached what is Norteno in 1521 by founding the oldest city in Norteno, Santa Fe. During Spanish rule, a network of Spanish cities were created, sometimes on pre-Hispanic sites which all led to Santa Fe and/or down into Mexico City. Cities and towns were hubs of civil officials, ecclesiastics, business, Spanish elites, and mixed-race and indigenous artisans and workers. After The conquest and settlement of the region in 1548, "Indian revolts" were a common challenge in the face of Spanish rule. The more Rural Tribes In The Basin and Plains however were less common as it was hard for the Spanish to find use for The land. The Most Common Culprits Were The Apache, as their land was Near Santa Fe and its Surrounding Towns, beleiving its their moral and honorable duty to save their land, resistance from the natives were hard.

After a quiet period in the 18th century in Spanish Norteno, The 19th Century saw the beginning of the end for Spanish rule.

With The Third Treaty of San Ildefonso, Northeastern territories were ceded to France, the vast territory that Napoleon then sold to the United States in 1803, known as the Louisiana Purchase. The United States obtained Spanish Florida in 1819 in the Adams–Onís Treaty. That treaty also defined a northern border for New Spain, which stayed the same up to the modern day, forming the modern northern borders of California, Deseret and New Mexico.

In the 1821 Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire, three centuries of Spanish rule ended for the Americas and formed the First Mexican Empire. The Spanish imediatlly reject the declaration, leading to a insurgent army beginning an eleven-year war. At first, the Criollo class fought against the rebels. But in 1820, a military coup in Spain forced Ferdinand VII to accept the authority of the liberal Spanish Constitution. The specter of liberalism that could undermine the authority and autonomy of the Roman Catholic Church made the Church hierarchy in New Spain view independence in a different light. In an independent nation, the Church anticipated retaining its power. Royalist military officer Agustín de Iturbide proposed uniting with the insurgents with whom he had battled, and gained the alliance of Vicente Guerrero, leader of the insurgents in a region now bearing his name. Royal government collapsed in New Spain and the Army of the Three Guarantees marched triumphantly into Mexico City in 1821, insuring an independent state of Mexico.

Under Mexico(1821-1836)

The Monarchy (1821-1824)

Due to Mexico now having its own government, there was no revolutionary change either socially or economically. The formal, legal "casta" were abolished, but power remained in the hands of white elites. Monarchy was the form of government Mexicans knew and it is not surprising that it chose that form of government initially. The political power of the royal government was transferred to the military. The Roman Catholic Church was the other pillar of institutional rule. Both the army and the church lost personnel with the establishment of the new regime. An index of the fall in the economy was the decrease in revenues to the church via the tithe, a tax on agricultural output. Mining especially was hard hit. It had been the motor of the colonial economy, but there was considerable fighting during the war of independence in Zacatecas and Guanajuato, the two most important silver mining sites. In spite of Viceroy O'Donojú's having signed the Treaty of Córdoba giving Mexico its independence, the Spanish government did not recognize it as legitimate and claimed sovereignty over Mexico.

Spain set in motion events that brought Iturbide, the son of a provincial merchant, as Emperor of Mexico.With Spain's rejection of the treaty and with no European royal taking up the offer of being Mexico's monarch, many creoles now decided that having a Mexican as its monarch was acceptable. A local army garrison proclaimed Iturbide emperor. Since the church refused to crown him, the president of the constituent congress did on 21 July 1822. His long-term rule was doomed. He did not have the respect of the Mexican nobility. Republicans sought a that form of government rather than a monarchy. The emperor set up all the trappings of a monarchy with a court and fine robes of power. His actions as increasingly dictatorial and shutting down criticism led him to shut down congress. Worried that a brilliant young colonel, Santa Anna, would raise a rebellion, the emperor relieved him of his command. Rather than obeying the order, Santa Anna proclaimed a republic and hastily called for the reconvening of congress. Four days later he walked back his republicanism and simply called for the removal of the emperor, in the Plan of Casa Mata. Santa Anna secured the support of insurgent general Guadalupe Victoria. The army signed on to the plan and the emperor abdicated on 19 March 1823.

The Unstable Republic and Santa Anna (1824 - 1836)

Those who overthrew the emperor then nullified the Plan of Iguala, which had called for a constitutional monarchy, as well as the Treaty of Córdoba, leaving them free to choose their whatever form of government they could agree on. It was to be a federal republic, and 4 October 1824, the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos) was established. The new constitution was partly modeled on the constitution of the United States. It guaranteed basic human rights and defined Mexico as a representative federal republic, in which responsibilities of government were divided between a central government and a number of smaller units called states. It also defined Catholicism as the official and only religion of the republic.

Mexico's establishment of a new, untried form of government, did not bring stability. The army remained the political power, the Roman Catholic Church, to sole religious power. Both the army and the church retained specially privileges in the new era. General Guadalupe Victoria was followed in office by General Vicente Guerrero, gaining the position through a coup after losing the 1828 elections, the Conservative Party saw an opportunity to seize control and led a counter-coup under General Anastasio Bustamante, who served as president from 1830 to 1832, and again from 1837 to 1841.

Revolutionary Period (1835-1839)

Texan Revolution (October 1835 - May 1836)

Within Mexico, tensions continued between Federalists and Centralists. In early 1835, wary Texians formed Committees of Correspondence and Safety. The unrest erupted into armed conflict in late 1835 at the Battle of Gonzales bringing the region closer to becoming a independent nation. The Texan Revolution officially started with The Texas Declaration of Independence being signed by 58 delegates at an assembly, simultaneously declaring the Republic of Texas as a independent state. Santa Anna holds a council of war with Generals to plan an assault on the Rebels. Sam Houston is appointed commander of Texas forces expecting the Mexicans to retaliate. On April 24th Santa Anna and his forces approach The Alamo and put it under siege which lasts for 13 days. On March 6th, The Battle of the Alamo starts and the Texans were defeated when the Mexicans broke through the gate to the Alamo. Approximately 190-250 Texans died. The thirteen-day siege resulted in the deaths of all of its defenders, including William B. Travis, Davy Crockett, and Jim Bowie. This event oddly enough boosts the morale of the Young Republic, as the battle cry "Remember the Alamo!" is adopted by the troops. On March 12, Battle of Refugio begins with Texan troops commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel William Ward and Amos King. They are attacked by General Urrea. After several hours of fighting, the Texans are defeated from retreat. On March 19th The Battle of Coleto begins and General Urrea corners Colonel James Fannin near Goliad. After a day of fighting, Fannin surrenders. On March 27 the Goliad Massacre occurs and is considered one of the worst events in the War for independence. James Fannin and nearly 400 Texans are executed by order of Santa Anna. Hearing this, Houston and his army camp near San Felipe de Austin. On April 13th, Battle of San Jacinto happens with Texan army under Sam Houston. The Texans overwhelmingly defeat Mexican forces under Santa Anna, who was captured during the battle not soon after it started, securing Texan independence. On May 20th 1836, The Treaties of Velasco signed by Republic of Texas officials and General Santa Anna ends the Texas Revolution.

Early Development of Texas (May 1836 - December 1839)

The Constitution of the Republic of Texas prohibited the government from restricting slavery or freeing slaves, required free people of African descent to leave the country, and prohibited Native Americans from becoming citizens. While Texas had won its independence, In 1837 political battles raged between two factions of the new Republic. Nationalists, led by Mirabeau B. Lamar, advocated the continued independence of Texas, the expulsion of the Native Americans, and the expansion of the Republic to the Pacific Ocean. Their opponents, led by Sam Houston, advocated the annexation of Texas to the United States and peaceful co-existence with Native Americans, Called Annexationists. These Factions Eventaully Developed into the Conservative Party and The Texan-American Party. The conflict between the parties was typified by an incident known as the Texas Archive War. With wide popular support, Texas first applied for annexation to the United States in 1836, but its status as a "slave-holding country" caused its admission to be controversial and it was denied and because of this, the Nationalists gained more legitimacy in government. In 1838 The Texan-American Party collapsed as it lost it's motive and the leader, Sam Houston became less active in the movement but resided as the First President of the Republic, naming the capital after Himself. The Nationalists therefore made a One-Party Democracy, which was a very unpopular system for its authoritarian bent on the system.  

Californian Revolution (January 1837 - April 1837)

As the Independence of Texas destabilizes Northern Mexico and making the army look vulnerable, the State begins seeing signs of fragmenting. One of the final blows to Santa Anna and his Centralists, Alta California (What is Now North California, South California, Edward, Nevada and San Francisco) signs a deceleration of independence from Mexico. But, Santa Anna does order his army to move into California (in order to not damage his reputation further) as it was delayed after the United States demanded the Mexican government to not intervene and recognize a independent and sovereign Californian State. On February 14th 1837 Santa Anna Moves into Alta California, February 16th The United States declares war on Mexico, officially starting the Californian Revolution. On February 22nd Santa Anna's Forces moved into the Mission "San Diego de Alcala" (Now San Diego), General Edward Jennings encountered the Mexican Forces, starting the Battle of San Diego, with a Mexican Victory. General Jennings calls a retreat north and wait for the Americans to come. They would rest in Pomona, Near Whats Now Los Angeles. On March 4th a American Force led by John A. Quitman arrives in Pomona to support the rebels. On March 15th Santa Anna's Forces move into Pomona and charge at the American forces starting the 1st Battle of Pomona with an American Victory. With Jennings hearing of their victory, orders the forces to chase down the Mexicans and on March 17th he finds the Mexicans in larger numbers, and retreats back to Pomona. The forces follow and put the town under siege, Starting the 2nd Battle of Pomona. The siege lasted for 4 days, but resulted in a Californian / American victory with tactics of both generals, giving them both the name of the "Heros of the Pomona". On March 30th The Theocratic State of Joseph (A State of Mormons) declare independence, which takes off some pressure for the Californians, and the nail in the coffin for Santa Anna's rein in Central North America. On April 11th The Combined forces of the Americans and the Californians move on Tijuana. On April 18th, the forces get to the city, capture it as there was no occupying force in the City. As Santa Anna's Forces are demoralized, spread out thin and fighting 3 Nations, offer peace, to all 3 parties. Texas was also given its disputed land with Mexico. The Tready of Mexicali ended the conflict, and reshaping the borders of the Southwest.

Early Development of California (April 1837 - December 1839)

The Constitution of California was completely different to the Texan one. It set up the same government, but made slavery illegal, The Preservation Native Lands, and Gave African Americans the Same Rights as Californians, but these rules were not enforced very well in some regions. The Republic also split its land into 2 States, Nevada, and California. In October of 1837 the 1st President of California, Edward Jennings who was elected from his popular support, ordered the construction of a Capital City, San Francisco. It was designated to be built in Northern California on the Coast, specifically the Bay Area. In Late 1838 Political Factions Formed, The Utopianists who wanted to continue making California a true "Nation of Equal Men" by allowing more rights to minority groups and a more pluralist government, and the Remainists who wanted to keep the current rights that have been implemented and let the nation develop. These factions didn't have a violent relationship like Texas, Allowing them to become Political Parties quicker than Texas. In January of 1839, the Utopianists became the Reformists Party and the Remainists became the Expansionist Party. This Created a Two-Party System, which was the groundwork for the Nortenian Government. In April of 1839, California began plans of becoming a trade power in the Pacific and by the the end of the 1830's, developing the nations economy went towards most of the budget. December of 1839 saw one of the most important events for California prior to Unification, The Estrada Family vs The City of San Deigo stated Californians with ties to the Mexican Army do not have voting rights. It was a very unpopular verdict as 32% of the population were Mexican an 10% of them were in the Army or have family in the Mexican Army, and saw major protests and even a attempted revolt in Nevada called the Reno Uprising, which was put down swiftly. On Christmas the Verdict was repealed and were given these rights back. This would damage the relations of Mexicans and the Californians until the Unification, and made the Expansionist Party less popular than it was prior to the incident, but still remained a significant force in politics.