GBM-30/6: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox weapon
{{Infobox weapon
| name              = GBM-30/6
| name              = GBM-30/6 Bulkkot
| image              = [[File:Parts_Sheet_GBM-30-6.png|300px]]
| image              = File:Hiddensee-IMG_6145.jpg
| image_size        =  
| image_size        = 300
| caption            = Diagram of the main GBM-30/6 variants.
| caption            = GBM-30/6 on the corvette ''Wang Yŏn-sŏk''
| origin            = {{flag|Menghe}}
| origin            = Menghe, via [[Letnia]]
| type              = {{wp|Close-in weapon system}}
| type              = {{wp|Close-in weapon system}}
<!-- Type selection -->
<!-- Type selection -->
| is_ranged          = YES
| is_ranged          = Yes
| is_bladed          =
| is_bladed          =
| is_explosive      =
| is_explosive      = Yes
| is_artillery      = YES
| is_artillery      = Yes
| is_vehicle        =
| is_vehicle        = Yes
| is_missile        =
| is_missile        =
| is_UK              =
| is_UK              =
<!-- Service history -->
<!-- Service history -->
| service            = 1975-present
| service            = 1978–present
| used_by            =
| used_by            =  
| wars              =
| wars              =
<!-- Production history -->
<!-- Production history -->
| designer          =  
| designer          =  
| design_date        =  
| design_date        =  
| manufacturer      = Haeju Naval Artillery Plant
| manufacturer      =  
| unit_cost          =
| production_date    = 1976-present
| production_date    = 1973-present
| number            =
| number            =
| variants          = GBM-30/6SH, GBM-30/6TH
| variants          =
<!-- General specifications -->
<!-- General specifications -->
| spec_label        = GBM-30/6
| spec_label        =
| weight            = 1,800 kg (gun and mount)<br>1,918 kg (2,000-round belt)<br>5,700 kg (fire-control radar)
| weight            =  
| length_overall    = 3.81 meters
| length            =
| barrel_length      = 2.13 meters
| part_length        =
| width              =  
| width              = 1.25 m (mount base)
| height            = 2.28 meters deck to roof
| height            = 1.07 m (above deck)
| diameter          = 2.21 meters below deck
| diameter          =
| crew              = automated with oversight
| crew              = 1
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
| cartridge          = 30x165mm
| cartridge          = 30×165mm
| cartridge_weight  = 832 g
| cartridge_weight  =
| caliber            =  
| caliber            = 30mm
| Length of round    =
| barrels            = 6
| barrels            = 6
| action            =
| action            = {{wp|Gas-operated_reloading|Gas-operated}} {{wp|rotary cannon}}
| rate              = 4,000 rpm (maximum)<br/>300 rpm (reduced)
| rate              = 4,000 rounds per minute
| velocity          = 880-900 m/s
| velocity          = 880-900 m/s
| range              = 4,000 m
| range              = 4000 m (aircraft)<br>
| max_range          =  
5000 m (surface)
| feed              = Belt, 2000 rounds
| max_range          =
| sights            = fire-control radar<br/>
| feed              = belt (2,000 rounds)
electro-optical sight
| sights            =
<!-- Artillery specifications -->
<!-- Artillery specifications -->
| breech            =
| breech            =
| recoil            =  
| recoil            =
| carriage          =
| carriage          =
| elevation          = -15° to +80°
| elevation          = -12 to +88 degrees at 60 degrees/sec
| traverse          = ±180°
| traverse          = +/-180 degrees at 70 degrees/sec
<!-- Explosive specifications -->
| filling            =
| filling_weight    =
| detonation        =
| yield              =
<!-- Vehicle/missile specifications -->
| armour            =
| primary_armament  =
| secondary_armament =
| engine            =
| engine_power      =
| pw_ratio          =
| transmission      =
| payload_capacity  =
| suspension        =
| clearance          =
| fuel_capacity      =
| vehicle_range      =
| speed              =
| guidance          =
| steering          =
}}
}}


The '''GBM-30/6''' (abbr. from [[Menghean language|Menghean]] 근접 방어 무기, ''Gŭnjŏb Bang-ŏ Mugi'', "Close-range Defensive Weapon," 30mm x 6) is a family of {{wp|Close-in_weapon_system|close-in weapon systems}} developed in [[Menghe]] for the [[Menghean Navy]] and offered for export in [[Septentrion]]. The mounts in the family differ somewhat in their supporting electronics and configuration, and by extension in their range and capabilities, but all are built around a shared 30mm, six-barreled rotary autocannon.
The '''GBM-30/6''' ([[Menghean_Army_designation_scheme#Formal_designation|Formal designation]]: 근접 방어 무기 30/6, ''Gujŏb Bang-ŏ Mugi samryŏng-ryuk'', "Close-Range Defensive Weapon 30/6") is the [[Menghean Navy]]'s designation for a license-produced version of the {{wp|AK-630}} {{wp|close-in weapon system}}. This system was widely used on Menghean warships during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, but since then it has largely been supplanted by the [[GBM-23/5 Bulkkot]].
 
==Origin==
In the early 1970s, Menghe obtained a license from [[Letnia]] to produce the {{wp|AK-230}}, under the local designation of '''GBM-30/2'''. This weapon was mounted on the [[Nunbora-class destroyer]]s and [[Plan 261 missile boat]]s. It was found to exhibit good range against aircraft and surface targets, but its rate of fire was inadequate against {{wp|anti-ship missile}}s. The Menghean People's Navy responded by adopting the newer {{wp|AK-630}}, which uses the {{wp|Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30|GSh-6-30}} {{wp|rotary cannon}}. The resulting mount had a higher rate of fire, though its lower muzzle velocity also gave it a slightly shorter anti-aircraft range. Foreign intelligence services first observed the new mounts on the [[Yobu-class destroyer|new destroyer Yobu]] in 1979.


==Description==
==Description==
Compared to other close-in weapon systems, the GBM-30/2 is a relatively heavy weapon, in part due to its large caliber, high rate of fire, and large magazine. It also requires below-deck space some 2.59 meters deep for stored ammunition and other supporting systems, in contrast to "bolt-on" CIWS types used by the OSN.
The baseline GBM-30/6 CIWS mount is largely identical to the AK-630 from which it is derived. It consists of a GSh-30-6 rotary cannon in a powered turret with a flattened dome-like top. The gun is mounted in a water-cooled sleeve, which allows for more prolonged firing periods before overheating, and it is gas-operated, with a rate of fire of 4,000 rounds per minute. Ammunition feeds from a belt stored underneath the turret, and spent cartridges are ejected into the below-turret space as well. On some Menghean mounts, particularly later ones, the turret floor can be removed, allowing spent cartridges to tumble down a chute out the side of the hull. The ammunition used is the 30×165mm AO-18 high-explosive round, with a muzzle velocity of 880-900 meters per second and an explosive filling which makes it highly effective against missiles and surface craft.


The core of the system is a rotary six-barreled 30mm autocannon. This weapon weighs some 150 kilograms by itself. It can achieve a maximum rate of fire of 4,000 rounds per minute, relying on the ship's own power source to spin up the gun. To reduce overheating, the rotating barrel assembly is encased in an outer cylinder and cooled by water circulated from internal tanks or from the ocean itself. The cartridge fired is an electrically-primed 30x165mm round, license-produced from a round designed in the [[Federation of Socialist Republics]].
The GBM-30/6 mount lacks built-in fire control, and instead depends on an external fire director, usually an MR-123 Vympel. The baseline version of this radar can only engage airborne targets, and it lacks electro-optical backup. On most ships, the fire-control radar is complemented by a manually pointed optical director, similar to types used in the [[Pan-Septentrion War]], on a separate pedestal. Each guidance unit can control two GBM-30/6 mounts simultaneously; this is easy to see in the gun arrangement of the [[Yobu-class destroyer|Yobu]] and [[Pyŏng'an-class destroyer|Pyŏng'an class destroyer]]s. On some ships, such as the [[Ansa-class frigate]]s and pre-refit [[Chanjok Jachido-class cruiser]]s, the two mounts have different firing arcs, and one turret will stop traversing when the fire-control radar traverses beyond its firing arc.
 
Most GBM-30/6 variants, with the exception of the GBM-30/6TH, rely on a separate fire-control system mounted elsewhere on the ship, usually on a mast or platform one or more decks above the mount itself. As on other CIWS weapons, this consists of a radar dish which tracks the targeted missile and the outgoing rounds and adjusts the gun's aim until the two intersect. As a backup measure in environments with heavy electronic warfare, and to allow the targeting of small boats where surface clutter is an issue, the mount itself also incorporates an electro-optical fire-control system in both visual and infrared frequencies. This can either provide video feed to a control screen within the ship, allowing crew members to manually aim the weapon, or automatically produce a firing solution, albeit with less accuracy than the radar-based system would allow.
 
From 1993 onward, GBM-30/6 systems were refitted to incorporate a second firing mode, in which the gun fires at 300 rounds per minute. This mode is used when engaging surface targets, such as small boats approaching the ship. It eliminates the need for separate autocannon mounts around the deck, though Menghean warships often carry two to four [[SBK_machine_gun#GCh-75|GCh-75]] 12.7mm heavy machine guns for defense against light craft at the closest of ranges.


==Variants==
==Variants==
===GBM-30/2===
;GBM-30/6G
Though in many respects a different weapon, the GBM-30/2 served as the origin for the later GBM-30/6, and shares some similarities. Its main armament was a twin-barrel 30mm autocannon using a {{wp|Gast_gun|Gast-style}} action to achieve a combined rate of fire of 3,800 rpm. A modernized version of this same weapon was later used on the [[DGJP-230 Jaebongtul]]. All ammunition and supporting systems were stored within the above-deck turret unit, though additional bracing systems were needed to support the mount's recoil and weight. The mount could be manually operated, with a crew of 2, but it usually relied on a radar-based fire-control system mounted elsewhere on the ship.
:The baseline version, directly derived from the Letnian early-model AK-630.
 
;GBM-30/6N
The GBM-30/2 was pioneered aboard the first [[Danhohan-class frigate]] in 1975.
:Upgraded version introduced on the Pyŏng'an class. The fire-control radar has a co-axial electro-optical sight with independent elevation and traverse. This provides an alternative target acquisition and tracking mode in a high-jamming environment and allows more reliable engagement of surface targets. The mounts themselves are identical in design.
 
===GBM-30/6===
While the GMB-30/2 offered impressive improvements over previous manually aimed Menghean anti-air guns, the Menghean People's Navy nevertheless pursued a new weapon with a faster traverse time and an increased rate of fire, with the aim of improving effectiveness against anti-ship missiles. The result was the first true member of the GMB-30/6 family, with a six-barreled 30mm water-cooled autocannon and extensive below-deck supporting systems.
 
First introduced in 1978 aboard the first [[Angae-class destroyer]], it was initially seen as a complement for the GMB-30/2, serving only on heavier ships. The GMB-30/2 remained standard on the Dandohan-class frigates until 1983, when the ''Mussanghan'' was commissioned with a modified superstructure to support the heavier mount.
 
===GBM-30/6TH===
The leading GBM-30 variant currently in widespread production, the GBM-30/6TH (통합된, ''Tonghabdoen'', "integrated") directly integrates the fire-control radar onto the roof of the turret. This eliminates the need for a separate fire-control unit elsewhere on the ship, freeing up more space for other electronics. In all other respects, it is identical to the baseline GBM-30/6, though it mounts the electro-optical camera alongside the radar dish rather than alongside the gun.
 
Notably, the GBM-30/6TH system still lacks an independent air-search radar of its own, and must instead rely on data fed from the ship's own radar systems to acquire targets.
 
===GBM-30/6SH===
This variant, with the suffix SH for ''Sohyŏng'' (소형), "compact," is a lighter, more compact version of the GBM-30/6 for use on light vessels such as missile boats and corvettes. It features a {{wp|Radar_cross-section#Reduction|reduced-RCS}} covering and incorporates extensive use of composite materials, as well as a more compact turret and below-deck structure. One sacrifice in this system is a reduced ammunition load, with total stowage decreasing to 1,200 rounds, and a less powerful water-cooling system for the barrels.


==Operators==
==Operators==
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==See also==
==See also==
* [[HP-76/1]]
* [[HP-76/1]]
* [[Menghean Navy]]
* [[GBM-23/5 Bulkkot]]
* [[Subisu CIWS]]


[[Category:Menghe]]
[[Category:Menghe]]

Latest revision as of 16:23, 26 July 2020

GBM-30/6 Bulkkot
Hiddensee-IMG 6145.jpg
GBM-30/6 on the corvette Wang Yŏn-sŏk
TypeClose-in weapon system
Place of originMenghe, via Letnia
Service history
In service1978–present
Production history
Produced1976-present
Specifications
Width1.25 m (mount base)
Height1.07 m (above deck)
Crew1
Shell30×165mm
Caliber30mm
Barrels6
ActionGas-operated rotary cannon
Elevation-12 to +88 degrees at 60 degrees/sec
Traverse+/-180 degrees at 70 degrees/sec
Rate of fire4,000 rounds per minute
Muzzle velocity880-900 m/s
Effective firing range4000 m (aircraft)
5000 m (surface)
Feed systembelt (2,000 rounds)

The GBM-30/6 (Formal designation: 근접 방어 무기 30/6, Gujŏb Bang-ŏ Mugi samryŏng-ryuk, "Close-Range Defensive Weapon 30/6") is the Menghean Navy's designation for a license-produced version of the AK-630 close-in weapon system. This system was widely used on Menghean warships during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, but since then it has largely been supplanted by the GBM-23/5 Bulkkot.

Origin

In the early 1970s, Menghe obtained a license from Letnia to produce the AK-230, under the local designation of GBM-30/2. This weapon was mounted on the Nunbora-class destroyers and Plan 261 missile boats. It was found to exhibit good range against aircraft and surface targets, but its rate of fire was inadequate against anti-ship missiles. The Menghean People's Navy responded by adopting the newer AK-630, which uses the GSh-6-30 rotary cannon. The resulting mount had a higher rate of fire, though its lower muzzle velocity also gave it a slightly shorter anti-aircraft range. Foreign intelligence services first observed the new mounts on the new destroyer Yobu in 1979.

Description

The baseline GBM-30/6 CIWS mount is largely identical to the AK-630 from which it is derived. It consists of a GSh-30-6 rotary cannon in a powered turret with a flattened dome-like top. The gun is mounted in a water-cooled sleeve, which allows for more prolonged firing periods before overheating, and it is gas-operated, with a rate of fire of 4,000 rounds per minute. Ammunition feeds from a belt stored underneath the turret, and spent cartridges are ejected into the below-turret space as well. On some Menghean mounts, particularly later ones, the turret floor can be removed, allowing spent cartridges to tumble down a chute out the side of the hull. The ammunition used is the 30×165mm AO-18 high-explosive round, with a muzzle velocity of 880-900 meters per second and an explosive filling which makes it highly effective against missiles and surface craft.

The GBM-30/6 mount lacks built-in fire control, and instead depends on an external fire director, usually an MR-123 Vympel. The baseline version of this radar can only engage airborne targets, and it lacks electro-optical backup. On most ships, the fire-control radar is complemented by a manually pointed optical director, similar to types used in the Pan-Septentrion War, on a separate pedestal. Each guidance unit can control two GBM-30/6 mounts simultaneously; this is easy to see in the gun arrangement of the Yobu and Pyŏng'an class destroyers. On some ships, such as the Ansa-class frigates and pre-refit Chanjok Jachido-class cruisers, the two mounts have different firing arcs, and one turret will stop traversing when the fire-control radar traverses beyond its firing arc.

Variants

GBM-30/6G
The baseline version, directly derived from the Letnian early-model AK-630.
GBM-30/6N
Upgraded version introduced on the Pyŏng'an class. The fire-control radar has a co-axial electro-optical sight with independent elevation and traverse. This provides an alternative target acquisition and tracking mode in a high-jamming environment and allows more reliable engagement of surface targets. The mounts themselves are identical in design.

Operators

See also

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