Baltic Commonweal: Difference between revisions

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|common_name = Baltic
|common_name = Baltic
|image_flag =  
|image_flag =  
[[File:Baltic.jpg|thumb|200 px]]
[[File:Baltija.jpg|200px]]
|image_coat =  
|image_coat =  
[[File:COA of Baltic.jpg|thumb|150 px]]
[[File:COA of Baltic.jpg|150 px]]
|symbol_type = Coat of Arms
|symbol_type = Coat of Arms
|national_motto = "Pro libertate atque independentia"
|national_motto = "Pro libertate atque independentia"
Line 12: Line 12:
<br>"Atmostas Baltija, Bunda jau Baltija, Ärgake Baltimaad!"
<br>"Atmostas Baltija, Bunda jau Baltija, Ärgake Baltimaad!"
|image_map =  
|image_map =  
[[File:Baltic republics.jpg|thumb|380 px]]
[[File:Baltic republics.jpg|380 px]]
|map_caption = Four Baltic Republics
|map_caption = Four Baltic Republics
|capital = Rīga
|capital = Rīga
|largest_city = Rīga
|largest_city = Rīga
|national_languages = Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonian
|national_languages = Russian, Polish, German
|official_languages = German
|official_languages = Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonian
|ethnic_groups = Latvians (36.5 %) <br>Lithuanians (33.9 %) <br>Estonians (24.3 %) <br>Russians (2.2 %) <br>Polish (1.7 %) <br>Belarusians (1.3 %) <br> Ukrainians (0.1 %)
|ethnic_groups = Latvians (34.8 %) <br>Lithuanians (34.1 %) <br>Estonians (24.3 %) <br>Russians (1.7 %) <br>Polish (1.7 %) <br>Belarusians (1.3 %) <br> Germans (1.2 %) <br> Ukrainians (0.9 %)
|ethnic_groups_year = 2020
|ethnic_groups_year = 2020
|demonym = Balt, Balts
|demonym = Balt, Balts
Line 59: Line 59:
|GDP_nominal_year = 2020
|GDP_nominal_year = 2020
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = 20,361
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = 20,361
|Gini = 31.6
|Gini = 35.2
|Gini_year = 2020
|Gini_year = 2020
|HDI = 0.974
|HDI = 0.974
Line 78: Line 78:
The form of government is a constitutional parliamentary republic. The Federal President since 3 August 2017 is [[Sandra Alunāne]] from the [[SDPB]] party, since 26 April 2017 [[Antanas Paulauskas]] has been the Prime Minister and Head of Government from the [[Reform Party]].
The form of government is a constitutional parliamentary republic. The Federal President since 3 August 2017 is [[Sandra Alunāne]] from the [[SDPB]] party, since 26 April 2017 [[Antanas Paulauskas]] has been the Prime Minister and Head of Government from the [[Reform Party]].


The capital and the largest city is Rīga. The state language is German.
The capital and the largest city is Rīga. The state language is Common Baltic language.


The Baltic Commonweal consists of four unitary republics that have equal rights in the Commonweal, these are the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Lithuania and the Prussian Republic (until 1961 the Republic of East Prussia). Each republic is divided into counties (lat. Novads, lit. Apskritis, Est. Maakond). The Republic of Estonia is divided into 16 counties, the Republic of Latvia is divided into 22 counties, the Republic of Lithuania is divided into 13 counties, the Prussian Republic is divided into 4 counties. The total number of counties in the Commonweal is 55 counties.
The Baltic Commonweal consists of four unitary republics that have equal rights in the Commonweal, these are the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Lithuania and the Prussian Republic (until 1961 the Republic of East Prussia). Each republic is divided into counties (lat. Novads, lit. Apskritis, Est. Maakond). The Republic of Estonia is divided into 16 counties, the Republic of Latvia is divided into 22 counties, the Republic of Lithuania is divided into 13 counties, the Prussian Republic is divided into 4 counties. The total number of counties in the Commonweal is 55 counties.
Line 86: Line 86:


=Etymology=
=Etymology=
'''Baltia'''
Baltic is the name of an island in northern Europe, presumably off the coast of Prussia. From this name, Adam of Bremen for the first time produced the phrase "Baltic Sea" (lat. Mare balticum) to designate the East Sea - Ostsee.
'''Latvia'''
For the first time a similar name in the form of "Lettia" (Lettia, Letthia) is found in the "Chronicle" of Henry of Latvia (1209). Initially, the Germans called the lands where Latgalians lived. The name "Latvia" came into the Latvian language from Lithuanian, in which it was formed from the ethnonym of Latvians - "Latvian" (lit. latviai).
'''Lithuania'''
The etymology of the word "Lithuania" is not exactly known, but there are many versions, none of which has received universal recognition. The root "lit" and its variants "years" / "lute" admit different interpretations both in the Baltic and Slavic, and in other Indo-European languages. So, for example, there are consonant toponyms on the territory of Slovakia "Lytva" and Romania "Litua", known from the XI-XII centuries. According to some, the toponym is formed from the ancient name of the river Letava (Lietavà from lit. lieti "pour"). The feudal principality, through the lands of which this river flowed, eventually took a leading position and the name was extended to the entire state.
'''Estonia'''
Until the 18th-19th centuries, Estonians called themselves maarahvas, which literally means “people of the earth,” that is, engaged in agriculture. The term eestlane comes from Latin (Aesti). This is how Tacitus is named in "Germany" for the people inhabiting the distant coast of the Baltic Sea.
The ancient Scandinavian sagas contain mention of a land called Eistland - this is how Estonia is still called in Icelandic, which is close to Danish, German, Dutch, Swedish and Norwegian versions of the name - Estland. Early Latin sources also contain versions of the name of the territory Estia and Hestia.
'''Prussia'''
There is no consensus among researchers about the origin of the ethnic name of the Prussians prūss, prūsai ("Pruss", "Prussians") and the region Prūsa ("Prussia [en]"). According to the assumption of linguists, this generalizing exonym of the Prussians appeared among their neighbors, first of all, probably, among the Slavs who lived southwest of the city. The Poles called the Prussians "prysy".
Words consonant with the name of the Prussians are found in different languages: Skt. पुरुष (puruṣa) - "man", Gothic. "𐍀𐍂𐌿𐍃" (prus) - horse, gelding (Adam of Bremen mentions that the Prussians ate horse meat and drank mare's milk and horse blood, the property of the dead was divided according to the results of riders' competitions).
=History=
=History=
=Geografy=
=Geografy=
'''Physico-geographical sketch'''
The Baltics are located in the western part of the East European Plain. From the northwest and north, it is washed by the Baltic Sea (Prussian, Curonian, Riga and Finnish gulfs). In the east, the Valdai Upland adjoins it, in the southeast and south - the Polesie Lowland, in the west - the Central European Plain.
The time zone of the territories of the Baltic States is Eastern European time (UTC + 2, in summer - UTC + 3).
==Relief==
==Relief==
[[File:93724896.jpg|thumb|Jōrwin Mountain, Eastarland]]
'''Coastline'''
[[File:A1bb408ebfaf0f48a934533b9538062c.jpg|thumb|Heier river, Eastarland]]
The northern part of Eastarland is a low-lying plain formed during the Ice Age ('''North Eastarland Plain''', lowest point '''Neuen Saffen''', 6.31 m below sea level). The surface of the lowland has preserved traces of ancient glaciation - chains of low moraine ridges and hills. The western part of the lowland is occupied by swampy lowlands, the formation of which is caused by the subsidence of the platform. In the central part of the country, forest-covered foothills adjoin the lowlands from the south. The highest point is '''Jōrwin''' Mountain, 3243 m.


'''Rivers and lakes'''
On the southeastern coast of the Baltic, along the course from Prussia in the direction of Ingria, on the Baltic coast, the largest elements stand out: the Sambia Peninsula, with the Vistula and Curonian Spits extending from it, the Kurland (Kurzeme) Peninsula, the Gulf of Riga, the Estonian Peninsula, the Narva Bay, behind which the entrance to the Gulf of Finland opens.
[[File:Amder1.jpg|left|200 px]]
[[File:Amber2.jpg|right|200 px]]
In the area of ​​the Sambia Peninsula, when approaching the sea, the hills break off with high, steep ledges - cliffs. The height of the cliffs reaches 55-60 meters. At their base, Cenozoic, mainly Late Paleogene and Neogene sandstones, sands and clays are exposed. The main deposits of the Baltic amber are associated with these preglacial marine sediments.


A large number of rivers flow through the territory of Eastarland, the largest of which are: '''Osterkat, Killien, Goder.'''
The foothills of the cliffs are often framed by extensive sandy beaches, the surface of which is usually covered with aeolian dunes in a complex combination with ripples on the coast. To the north-east of the Prussian Gulf opens the Polessian lowland, most of which is located several meters below sea level. In such areas, the coastline is protected from possible flooding by dams. The bays themselves are shallow (the depth is no more than 3.7 meters).
The largest lake in Eastarland is '''Gōeldehir''', with an area of 1140 km² and a depth of 630 m. The lake is connected by a narrow '''Astiel strait''' in the west with the '''Amber Sea''', and in the east with the '''Stober strait''' with the '''Castarilian Bay'''.
[[File:Curonian Spit from Space.jpg|left|100 px]]
[[File:Cur.jpg|right|200 px]]
The Curonian Spit is a unique natural object of the southern Baltic region. It is the largest spit in the Baltic Sea. Its total length is 97-98 km, width - from 400 m (in the area of ​​the village of Lesnoye) to 3.8 km (in the area of ​​Cape Bulvikio, just north of Nida). In size: the total volume of sand is more than 6 billion cubic meters or 6 cubic kilometers), its sand dunes up to 64-68 m high (Efa dune) are the third in the world, after the dunes of Vietnam and France (Dune in Pyla - 97 m).


==Climate==
==Climate==
In general, the climate is temperate, maritime, characterized by cool summers and rather warm winters. The average temperature in July is + 16 ... + 17 ° C, in January - about + 2 ° C on the coast and slightly colder inland. The absolute maximum air temperature (+ 38.6 ° C) was recorded on August 10, 1954 in Drasau, the absolute minimum (−27.4 ° C) was recorded on January 29, 1962 in Litburg. In winter, when anticyclones arrive, the temperature drops below 0 ° C, snow falls, and channels and lakes are covered with ice. Although there is an average of 650 to 750 mm of precipitation per year, rarely a day goes by without rain. There are often fogs, sometimes it snows in winter.
The average annual temperature is +5.9 ºС. The maximum recorded air temperature is +36 ºС, the minimum temperature was -33 ºС. Average temperature fluctuations in January are from -0.5 ºС to -5 ºС, and in July - from +17.5 ºС to +18.5 ºС.
Truly extreme natural events (severe droughts, tornadoes, storms, severe frost or heat) are relatively rare.
 
The Baltic Sea has a significant impact on humidity. The average annual humidity is 81%. In winter, fogs, heavy snowfalls are frequent, in autumn and summer, torrential rains. Average annual precipitation is 600-700 mm. Most rainfall occurs between April and October. In winter, the wind often blows from the west, southwest and south. The highest recorded wind speed is 30 m / s with gusts up to 48 m / s. The number of hours of sunshine per year is about 1800. In late spring and summer, the sun shines for 8-10 hours a day, in late autumn - 2-3 hours.


==Environment==
=Demographics=
=Demographics=
==Religion==
==Religion==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = left
| caption = Religion
| label1 =Catholics
| value1 =17.4 | color1 = yellow
| label2 =Protestants
| value2 =7.8 | color2 = blue
| label3 =Orthodox
| value3 =4.7 | color3 = red
| label4 =Atheists
| value4 =68 | color4 = green
| label5 =Other
| value5 =2.1 | color5 = white
}}[[File:Moscow, Catholic Church in Presnya.jpg|200px|thumb|Catholic Church in Phanuburg]]
According to the 2011 census, 34.5% of citizens do not identify themselves as belonging to any religion or church. In a 2019 survey, only 27% of respondents said they believe in God, 50% said they believe in some kind of natural or spiritual power, and 30% that they don't believe in any of this. The largest number of believers are Catholics (but only 17.4% of the total population as of 2019), the next largest group is Protestants (6.3%).
[[File:Normally-picture-from.jpg|250px|thumb|Protestant Church in Fedderg]]
According to the amendment to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Eastarland, the Kingdom of Eastarland is a secular state with secular values ​​and views. The church is separated from the state, and the schools from the church. There is also a ban on secondary education in parish schools.
According to universal law, any kind of discrimination based on affiliation with any religion, incitement to wrongdoing, incitement to hatred, causing physical, psychological or financial harm is prohibited to freedom of religion, and is punishable.
==Ethnicity==
==Ethnicity==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = left
| caption = Ethnicity
| label1 =Eastarishmen
| value1 =91 | color1 = blue
| label2 =Ykanjoans
| value2 =3.1 | color2 = green
| label3 =Castarilians
| value3 =2.7 | color3 = yellow
| label4 =Scousers
| value4 =2.4 | color4 = red
| label6 =Other
| value6 =0.8 | color6 = gray
}}
The population for 2020 is 97,428,353 people. The largest cities are Copenhagen (6,036,187 people), Aarhus (5,870,613 people), Odense (4,699,700 people), Aalborg (4,120,059 people). The average life expectancy is 78 years for men, 86 for women. Age composition: from 1 to 17 years old - 21.1%, from 18 to 66 - 65.2%, over 67 - 13.7%. 20 million students. More than 40 million families. 55 out of 100 families own their own houses.
Eastarlandic is spoken throughout the country, although a small proportion of the population living on the border with neighboring countries also speaks German. Many Eastarlanders are also fluent in English, especially in large cities and young people who are learning English in schools.
With an area of ​​612,097 km², according to data for 2020, Eastarland has a population density of 159.2 people per square kilometer. The most densely populated are 3 western provinces: Lōwien, Zūdderland and Braite (the average population density is 440 people / km2 and more; the maximum indicators are observed in urbanized areas - over 600 people / km2). Largely due to this, Eastarland is one of the countries with the most developed transport and information infrastructure. 90.5 million people, or 93% of the country's population, use the Internet. Eastarland had over 10 million fixed telephones and 12.5 million mobile telephones in 2002-2003. More than 320 radio stations and 37 television stations (as well as 31 repeaters) operate in the country.
==Language==
==Language==
==Health==
==Health==
==Education==
==Education==
==Largest Cities==
==Largest Cities==
=State structure=
{{Largest cities
==Administrative division==
| name        = Largest cities of the Baltic Commonweal
==Government==
| country      = Baltic Commonweal
===Executive power===
| stat_ref    = Federal Committee of Statistics
===Legislature===
| list_by_pop  =  
===Judicial branch===
| class        = info
===Political parties===
| div_name    = County
==Migration policy==
| div_link    =  
After a series of terrorist acts in the world, the government has consistently tightened immigration laws.
Anti-immigration measures have significantly reduced the inflow of certain categories of migrants to Eastarland. In particular, in 2018, 4198 entry permits for family reunification were issued, which is 70% less than in 2013, and 1038 people were granted political asylum (82.5% less). At the same time, over the period 2013-2018, the number of those who received a study visa increased from 10 to 28.4 thousand people (an increase of 2.8 times), and those who entered on a work visa - from 5.9 to 12.8 thousand people (an increase 100%). In 2019, the measures were further tightened - in particular, a point system was introduced for spouses of immigrants wishing to enter the country.


=Economy=
| city_1 = Rīga
==Industry==
| div_1 = Federal City
==Agriculture==
| pop_1 = 1,713,868
Eastarland has a highly productive agriculture. It occupies a leading position in the world in terms of agricultural production, grain production, livestock products and milk. Eastarland is a land of predominantly small family farms. Agricultural production efficiency is very high. At the same time Eastarland lags behind in the average yield of corn and sugar beet. In the agro-industrial complex, agriculture plays a subordinate role.
|img_1 = Bigstock-208409443-990x556.jpg
[[File:Germany selskoe hozyistvo 1.jpg|thumb]]
Livestock breeding provides about 70% of marketable agricultural products. Cattle breeding is the main branch of animal husbandry, it provides more than 2/5 of all marketable agricultural products, with the main part being milk (about ¼). Pig breeding is in second place. The country's self-sufficiency in milk and beef systematically exceeds 100%, but in pork it is less than 4/5.


Dairy and beef cattle breeding is most typical for well-moistened coastal areas, rich in meadows and pastures, as well as for the periphery of urban agglomerations. Due to the rather cold winter, stall keeping is common. Pig breeding is developed everywhere, but especially in areas close to the ports of import of imported feed, areas of sugar beet, potato and fodder root crops cultivation. Broiler production, production of eggs, veal, and pig breeding are concentrated in large livestock farms, the location of which depends little on natural factors.
| city_2 = Vilniaus
There are much more fodder crops than food crops, since a large amount of fodder grains, especially corn, are imported. However, the country ranked (2014) seventh in the world in terms of wheat exports (8.2 million tons).
| div_2 = Vilniaus Apskritis
Of great importance is the cultivation of fodder root crops (fodder beets, etc.), corn for green fodder and silage, alfalfa, clover and other fodder grasses. Of the oilseeds, the most important is rapeseed, the crops of which are more than 10 times higher than those of sunflower.
| pop_2 = 1,074,142
[[File:Unnamed (2).jpg|thumb]]
|img_2 = 25656692-8085765-image-a-1 1583576038638.jpg
In areas with high natural soil fertility, the main crops are wheat, barley, maize and sugar beets. The poorer soils of the Northern Lowland and the middle-altitude mountains are traditionally used for sowing rye, oats, potatoes and natural forage crops. The traditional nature of Eastarlandian agriculture has significantly changed technological progress. Today, the so-called light soils are valued more, due to their suitability for machine cultivation, using artificial fertilizers; for example, corn is now widely cultivated in the Northern Lowlands, where it replaces potatoes.


Viticulture surpasses, in marketable products, fruit growing and vegetable growing combined. Vineyards are located mainly in the valleys of Osterkat, Godera and other rivers.
| city_3 = Tallinn
| div_3 = Harjumaa
| pop_3 = 834,562
|img_3 = Tallin 2.jpg


==Tourism==
| city_4 = Daugavpils
==Extractive industry==
| div_4 = Daugavpils Novads
==Transport and Energy==
| pop_4 = 509,410
===Transport===
|img_4 = Unnamed (1).jpg
[[File:4940002010.jpg|thumb]]
'''Railway transport'''
Eastarland rail transport is highly developed. Local and overnight trains, including high-speed trains, connect the capital with all major cities in the country, as well as with neighboring countries. The speed of these trains is 320 km / h. The railway network is '''51,850 km''' long and is one of the longest railway networks. Rail links exist with all neighboring countries.
Metro is available in Phanuburg, Fedderg, Litburg, Ūstimaa, Pilsava. In Feriar - partly underground light rail.


'''Automobile transport'''
| city_5 = Kaunas
| div_5 = Kauno Apskritis
| pop_5 = 500,167


After winning the 2016 elections in Koninstag, and forming a majority coalition with the Peasant Union, the Green Party banned all non-electric cars. Also, the cost of roads was reduced, but more attention was paid to public transport, railways, etc.
| city_6 = Liepāja
The road network does not cover the entire territory of the country. The total length of highways is '''610,500 km'''.
| div_6 = Liepājas Novads
| pop_6 = 489,359


The main roads are divided into the following groups:
| city_7 = Karaliaučius
[[File:48215960 303.jpg|thumb]]
| div_7 = Karaliaučiaus Apskritis
'''Motorways''' - The name of the road is made up of the letter A followed by the road number. Permissible speed - 130 km / h, obligatory filling stations every 50 km, concrete dividing strip, absence of traffic lights, pedestrian crossings.
| pop_7 = 330,065
'''National roads''' - prefix N. Permissible speed - 90 km / h (if there is a concrete dividing strip - 110 km / h).
'''Department roads''' - prefix D. Permissible speed - 90 km / h.
In cities, the permissible speed is 50 km / h. The use of seat belts is mandatory. Children under 10 years old must be transported in special seats.


'''Air transport'''
| city_8 = Narva
Eastarland has about 475 airports. 325 of them have asphalt or concrete runways, and the remaining 150 are unpaved (data for 2017). The largest airport is the «'''Phanuburg'''» located in the suburbs of Phanuburg. The national Eastarlandian airline «'''EastarAir'''» operates flights to almost every country in the world.
| div_8 = Ida-Virumaa
| pop_8 = 328,763


| city_9 = Ventspils
| div_9 = Ventspils Novads
| pop_9 = 316,851


=Etymology=
| city_10 = Pārnu
=History=
| div_10 = Pārnumaa
=Geografy=
| pop_10 = 279,200
==Relief==
[[File:93724896.jpg|thumb|Jōrwin Mountain, Eastarland]]
[[File:A1bb408ebfaf0f48a934533b9538062c.jpg|thumb|Heier river, Eastarland]]
The northern part of Eastarland is a low-lying plain formed during the Ice Age ('''North Eastarland Plain''', lowest point '''Neuen Saffen''', 6.31 m below sea level). The surface of the lowland has preserved traces of ancient glaciation - chains of low moraine ridges and hills. The western part of the lowland is occupied by swampy lowlands, the formation of which is caused by the subsidence of the platform. In the central part of the country, forest-covered foothills adjoin the lowlands from the south. The highest point is '''Jōrwin''' Mountain, 3243 m.
 
'''Rivers and lakes'''
 
A large number of rivers flow through the territory of Eastarland, the largest of which are: '''Osterkat, Killien, Goder.'''
The largest lake in Eastarland is '''Gōeldehir''', with an area of 1140 km² and a depth of 630 m. The lake is connected by a narrow '''Astiel strait''' in the west with the '''Amber Sea''', and in the east with the '''Stober strait''' with the '''Castarilian Bay'''.
 
==Climate==
In general, the climate is temperate, maritime, characterized by cool summers and rather warm winters. The average temperature in July is + 16 ... + 17 ° C, in January - about + 2 ° C on the coast and slightly colder inland. The absolute maximum air temperature (+ 38.6 ° C) was recorded on August 10, 1954 in Drasau, the absolute minimum (−27.4 ° C) was recorded on January 29, 1962 in Litburg. In winter, when anticyclones arrive, the temperature drops below 0 ° C, snow falls, and channels and lakes are covered with ice. Although there is an average of 650 to 750 mm of precipitation per year, rarely a day goes by without rain. There are often fogs, sometimes it snows in winter.
Truly extreme natural events (severe droughts, tornadoes, storms, severe frost or heat) are relatively rare.
 
==Environment==
=Demographics=
==Religion==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = left
| caption = Religion
| label1 =Catholics
| value1 =17.4 | color1 = yellow
| label2 =Protestants
| value2 =7.8 | color2 = blue
| label3 =Orthodox
| value3 =4.7 | color3 = red
| label4 =Atheists
| value4 =68 | color4 = green
| label5 =Other
| value5 =2.1 | color5 = white
}}[[File:Moscow, Catholic Church in Presnya.jpg|200px|thumb|Catholic Church in Phanuburg]]
According to the 2011 census, 34.5% of citizens do not identify themselves as belonging to any religion or church. In a 2019 survey, only 27% of respondents said they believe in God, 50% said they believe in some kind of natural or spiritual power, and 30% that they don't believe in any of this. The largest number of believers are Catholics (but only 17.4% of the total population as of 2019), the next largest group is Protestants (6.3%).
[[File:Normally-picture-from.jpg|250px|thumb|Protestant Church in Fedderg]]
According to the amendment to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Eastarland, the Kingdom of Eastarland is a secular state with secular values ​​and views. The church is separated from the state, and the schools from the church. There is also a ban on secondary education in parish schools.
 
According to universal law, any kind of discrimination based on affiliation with any religion, incitement to wrongdoing, incitement to hatred, causing physical, psychological or financial harm is prohibited to freedom of religion, and is punishable.
 
==Ethnicity==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = left
| caption = Ethnicity
| label1 =Eastarishmen
| value1 =91 | color1 = blue
| label2 =Ykanjoans
| value2 =3.1 | color2 = green
| label3 =Castarilians
| value3 =2.7 | color3 = yellow
| label4 =Scousers
| value4 =2.4 | color4 = red
| label6 =Other
| value6 =0.8 | color6 = gray
}}
The population for 2020 is 97,428,353 people. The largest cities are Copenhagen (6,036,187 people), Aarhus (5,870,613 people), Odense (4,699,700 people), Aalborg (4,120,059 people). The average life expectancy is 78 years for men, 86 for women. Age composition: from 1 to 17 years old - 21.1%, from 18 to 66 - 65.2%, over 67 - 13.7%. 20 million students. More than 40 million families. 55 out of 100 families own their own houses.
Eastarlandic is spoken throughout the country, although a small proportion of the population living on the border with neighboring countries also speaks German. Many Eastarlanders are also fluent in English, especially in large cities and young people who are learning English in schools.


With an area of ​​612,097 km², according to data for 2020, Eastarland has a population density of 159.2 people per square kilometer. The most densely populated are 3 western provinces: Lōwien, Zūdderland and Braite (the average population density is 440 people / km2 and more; the maximum indicators are observed in urbanized areas - over 600 people / km2). Largely due to this, Eastarland is one of the countries with the most developed transport and information infrastructure. 90.5 million people, or 93% of the country's population, use the Internet. Eastarland had over 10 million fixed telephones and 12.5 million mobile telephones in 2002-2003. More than 320 radio stations and 37 television stations (as well as 31 repeaters) operate in the country.
| city_11 = Jelgava
| div_11 = Jelgavas Novads
| pop_11 = 262,331


==Language==
| city_12 = Bauska
==Health==
| div_12 = Bauskas Novads
==Education==
| pop_12 = 250,596
==Largest Cities==
=State structure=
==Administrative division==
==Government==
===Executive power===
===Legislature===
===Judicial branch===
===Political parties===
==Migration policy==
After a series of terrorist acts in the world, the government has consistently tightened immigration laws.
Anti-immigration measures have significantly reduced the inflow of certain categories of migrants to Eastarland. In particular, in 2018, 4198 entry permits for family reunification were issued, which is 70% less than in 2013, and 1038 people were granted political asylum (82.5% less). At the same time, over the period 2013-2018, the number of those who received a study visa increased from 10 to 28.4 thousand people (an increase of 2.8 times), and those who entered on a work visa - from 5.9 to 12.8 thousand people (an increase 100%). In 2019, the measures were further tightened - in particular, a point system was introduced for spouses of immigrants wishing to enter the country.


=Economy=
| city_13 = Tartu
==Industry==
| div_13 = Tartumaa
==Agriculture==
| pop_13 = 237,828
Eastarland has a highly productive agriculture. It occupies a leading position in the world in terms of agricultural production, grain production, livestock products and milk. Eastarland is a land of predominantly small family farms. Agricultural production efficiency is very high. At the same time Eastarland lags behind in the average yield of corn and sugar beet. In the agro-industrial complex, agriculture plays a subordinate role.
[[File:Germany selskoe hozyistvo 1.jpg|thumb]]
Livestock breeding provides about 70% of marketable agricultural products. Cattle breeding is the main branch of animal husbandry, it provides more than 2/5 of all marketable agricultural products, with the main part being milk (about ¼). Pig breeding is in second place. The country's self-sufficiency in milk and beef systematically exceeds 100%, but in pork it is less than 4/5.


Dairy and beef cattle breeding is most typical for well-moistened coastal areas, rich in meadows and pastures, as well as for the periphery of urban agglomerations. Due to the rather cold winter, stall keeping is common. Pig breeding is developed everywhere, but especially in areas close to the ports of import of imported feed, areas of sugar beet, potato and fodder root crops cultivation. Broiler production, production of eggs, veal, and pig breeding are concentrated in large livestock farms, the location of which depends little on natural factors.
| city_14 = Klaipēda
There are much more fodder crops than food crops, since a large amount of fodder grains, especially corn, are imported. However, the country ranked (2014) seventh in the world in terms of wheat exports (8.2 million tons).
| div_14 = Klaipēdos Apskritis
Of great importance is the cultivation of fodder root crops (fodder beets, etc.), corn for green fodder and silage, alfalfa, clover and other fodder grasses. Of the oilseeds, the most important is rapeseed, the crops of which are more than 10 times higher than those of sunflower.
| pop_14 = 209,594
[[File:Unnamed (2).jpg|thumb]]
In areas with high natural soil fertility, the main crops are wheat, barley, maize and sugar beets. The poorer soils of the Northern Lowland and the middle-altitude mountains are traditionally used for sowing rye, oats, potatoes and natural forage crops. The traditional nature of Eastarlandian agriculture has significantly changed technological progress. Today, the so-called light soils are valued more, due to their suitability for machine cultivation, using artificial fertilizers; for example, corn is now widely cultivated in the Northern Lowlands, where it replaces potatoes.


Viticulture surpasses, in marketable products, fruit growing and vegetable growing combined. Vineyards are located mainly in the valleys of Osterkat, Godera and other rivers.
| city_15 = Rakvere
| div_15 = Lāāne-Virumaa
| pop_15 = 176,493


==Tourism==
| city_16 = Elblagas
==Extractive industry==
| div_16 = Elblago Apskritis
==Transport and Energy==
| pop_16 = 168,219
===Transport===
[[File:4940002010.jpg|thumb]]
'''Railway transport'''
Eastarland rail transport is highly developed. Local and overnight trains, including high-speed trains, connect the capital with all major cities in the country, as well as with neighboring countries. The speed of these trains is 320 km / h. The railway network is '''51,850 km''' long and is one of the longest railway networks. Rail links exist with all neighboring countries.
Metro is available in Phanuburg, Fedderg, Litburg, Ūstimaa, Pilsava. In Feriar - partly underground light rail.


'''Automobile transport'''
| city_17 = Cēsis
| div_17 = Cēsu Novads
| pop_17 = 164,111


After winning the 2016 elections in Koninstag, and forming a majority coalition with the Peasant Union, the Green Party banned all non-electric cars. Also, the cost of roads was reduced, but more attention was paid to public transport, railways, etc.
| city_18 = Rēzekne
The road network does not cover the entire territory of the country. The total length of highways is '''610,500 km'''.
| div_18 = Rēzeknes Novads
| pop_18 = 149,892


The main roads are divided into the following groups:
| city_19 = Īsrutis
[[File:48215960 303.jpg|thumb]]
| div_19 = Mažosios Lietuvos Apskritis
'''Motorways''' - The name of the road is made up of the letter A followed by the road number. Permissible speed - 130 km / h, obligatory filling stations every 50 km, concrete dividing strip, absence of traffic lights, pedestrian crossings.
| pop_19 = 123,502
'''National roads''' - prefix N. Permissible speed - 90 km / h (if there is a concrete dividing strip - 110 km / h).
'''Department roads''' - prefix D. Permissible speed - 90 km / h.
In cities, the permissible speed is 50 km / h. The use of seat belts is mandatory. Children under 10 years old must be transported in special seats.


'''Air transport'''
| city_20 = Šiauliai
Eastarland has about 475 airports. 325 of them have asphalt or concrete runways, and the remaining 150 are unpaved (data for 2017). The largest airport is the «'''Phanuburg'''» located in the suburbs of Phanuburg. The national Eastarlandian airline «'''EastarAir'''» operates flights to almost every country in the world.
| div_20 = Šiaulių apskritis
| pop_20 = 107,875
}}


=Etymology=
=History=
=Geografy=
==Relief==
==Climate==
==Environment==
=Demographics=
==Religion==
==Ethnicity==
==Language==
==Health==
==Education==
==Largest Cities==
=State structure=
==Administrative division==
==Government==
===Executive power===
===Legislature===
===Judicial branch===
===Political parties===
==Migration policy==
=Economy=
=Economy=
==Industry==
==Industry==
Line 351: Line 251:
==Architecture==
==Architecture==
=Military establishment=
=Military establishment=
=State structure=
==Government==
===Executive power===
===Legislature===
===Judicial branch===
===Political parties===
==Migration policy==
After a series of terrorist acts in the world, the government has consistently tightened immigration laws.
Anti-immigration measures have significantly reduced the inflow of certain categories of migrants to Baltic Commonweal. In particular, in 2018, 4198 entry permits for family reunification were issued, which is 70% less than in 2013, and 1038 people were granted political asylum (82.5% less). At the same time, over the period 2013-2018, the number of those who received a study visa increased from 10 to 28.4 thousand people (an increase of 2.8 times), and those who entered on a work visa - from 5.9 to 12.8 thousand people (an increase 100%). In 2019, the measures were further tightened - in particular, a point system was introduced for spouses of immigrants wishing to enter the country.
==Administrative division==
[[File:Baltia novads.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Baltia cities.jpg|500px]]
{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em {{{1}}}em {{{1}}}em {{{1}}}em;" border="1"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Arms'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''County<br>'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''County seat'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Population'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Code'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Governor'''
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Riga small.png|50px]]||[[Federal City]]||Rīga||1,713,868||R||[[Mārtiņš Staķis]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Jūrmala.svg.png|50px]]||[[Rīgas Priekšpilsētā]]||Jūrmala||430,229||JŪ||[[Gatis Truksnis]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Jelgavas novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Jelgavas Novads]]||Jelgava||534,028||JE||[[Andris Rāviņš]]
|-
|[[File:Ventspils novads .png|50px]]||[[Ventspils Novads]]||Ventspils||516,521||V||[[Aivars Lembergs]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Liepāja.svg.png|50px]]||[[Liepājas Novads]]||Liepāja||611,385||L||[[Jānis Vilnītis]]
|-
|[[File:Escut Saldus.png|50 px]]||[[Saldus Novads]]||Saldus||361,320||S||[[Māris Čakste]]
|-
|[[File:Bauska city coa.png|50 px]]||[[Bauskas Novads]]||Bauska||406,712||B||[[Anna Jabkovska]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of arms of Daugavpils.svg.png|50 px]]||[[Daugavpils Novads]]||Daugavpils||639,266||D||[[Igors Prelatovs]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Preiļi.svg.png|50 px]]||[[Preiļu Novads]]||Preiļi||199,680||P||[[Oļegs Hļebņikovs]]
|-
|[[File:Krāslavas novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Krāslavas Novads]]||Krāslava||121,403||K||[[Gunārs Upenieks]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Rēzeknes novads.svg.png|50 px]]||[[Rēzeknes Novads]]||Rēzekne||387,113||RĒ||[[Monvīds Švarcs]]
|-
|[[File:Balvu novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Balvu Novads]]||Balvi||97,171||BA||[[Aigars Pušpurs]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Madonas novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Madonas Novads]]||Madona||70,326||M||[[Agris Lungevičs]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Alūksnes novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Alūksnes Novads]]||Alūksne||154,348||A||[[Arturs Dukulis]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Cēsu novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Cēsu Novads]]||Cēsis||359,605||C||[[Jānis Rozenbergs]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Smiltenes novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Smiltenes Novads]]||Smiltene||177,002||SM||[[Edgars Avotiņš]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Ādažu novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Ādažu Novads]]||Ādaži||255,781||ĀD||[[Māris Sprindžuks]]
|-
|[[File:LVA Valkas novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Valkas Novads]]||Valka||115,391||VK||[[Vents Armands Krauklis]]
|-
|[[File:Limbažu novads COA.png|50 px]]||[[Limbažu Novads]]||Limbaži||264,899||LI||[[Didzis Zemmers]]
|-
|[[File:Abrene COA.png|50 px]]||[[Abrenes Novads]]||Abrene||224,395||AB||[[Bruno Celmiņš]]
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of Krāslava.svg.png|50 px]]||[[Upītes Novads]]||Upīte||84,202||U||[[Arvīds Kucins]]
|-
|[[File:Limbazi gerb.png|50 px]]||[[Braslas Novads]]||Brasla||104,777||BR||[[Jānis Baiks]]
|-

Latest revision as of 15:27, 20 February 2021

Baltic Commonweal
Baltijas Sadraudzība
Baltija.jpg
Flag
COA of Baltic.jpg
Coat of Arms
Motto: "Pro libertate atque independentia"
Anthem: "Awake, Baltics!"
"Atmostas Baltija, Bunda jau Baltija, Ärgake Baltimaad!"
Baltic republics.jpg
Four Baltic Republics
Capital
and largest city
Rīga
Official languagesLatvian, Lithuanian, Estonian
Recognised national languagesRussian, Polish, German
Ethnic groups
(2020)
Latvians (34.8 %)
Lithuanians (34.1 %)
Estonians (24.3 %)
Russians (1.7 %)
Polish (1.7 %)
Belarusians (1.3 %)
Germans (1.2 %)
Ukrainians (0.9 %)
Demonym(s)Balt, Balts
GovernmentFederal Constitutional Parliamentary Republic
• Federal President
Sandra Alunāne
• Prime Minister
Antanas Paulauskas
• Speaker of the Saeima
Raimond Tamm
• Chief of Justice
Aldona Butkutė
LegislatureFederal Saeima
Foundation
Area
• Total
238,410 km2 (92,050 sq mi)
• Water (%)
5.6 %
Population
• 2020 estimate
21 489 255 (59th)
• 2015 census
20 952 087
• Density
90/km2 (233.1/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
1.015 trillions
• Per capita
47,253
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
437.5 billions
• Per capita
20,361
Gini (2020)35.2
medium
HDI (2020)0.974
very high
CurrencyBaltic Krona (BLK)
Time zoneUTC+ 2, + 3 in summer (EET)
Date formatyyyy.mmm.dd.
Driving sideright
Calling code+370
ISO 3166 codeBLT
Internet TLD.bl

The Baltic Commonweal of Democratic Republics(Baltijas Demokrātisko republiku sadraudzība [baltijas demokra:tisko republiku sadrau dʒi:ba]), commonly referred to as the Baltic Commonweal or the Baltic, is a democratic federal state in Eastern Europe with an area of 238,410 km2 and a population of 21,489,255 as of 31 December 2020. In the south, the Baltic borders with the Republic of Poland, in the southeast with the Republic of Belarus, in the east with the Russian Federation. In the north it is washed by the Baltic Sea.

The form of government is a constitutional parliamentary republic. The Federal President since 3 August 2017 is Sandra Alunāne from the SDPB party, since 26 April 2017 Antanas Paulauskas has been the Prime Minister and Head of Government from the Reform Party.

The capital and the largest city is Rīga. The state language is Common Baltic language.

The Baltic Commonweal consists of four unitary republics that have equal rights in the Commonweal, these are the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Lithuania and the Prussian Republic (until 1961 the Republic of East Prussia). Each republic is divided into counties (lat. Novads, lit. Apskritis, Est. Maakond). The Republic of Estonia is divided into 16 counties, the Republic of Latvia is divided into 22 counties, the Republic of Lithuania is divided into 13 counties, the Prussian Republic is divided into 4 counties. The total number of counties in the Commonweal is 55 counties.

The Baltic Commonweal is also a member of the United Nations, NATO and the Scandinavian Economic Bloc (the trade and economic bloc of the Scandinavian countries and the Baltic Commonweal, which are not members of the European Union).


Etymology

Baltia

Baltic is the name of an island in northern Europe, presumably off the coast of Prussia. From this name, Adam of Bremen for the first time produced the phrase "Baltic Sea" (lat. Mare balticum) to designate the East Sea - Ostsee.

Latvia

For the first time a similar name in the form of "Lettia" (Lettia, Letthia) is found in the "Chronicle" of Henry of Latvia (1209). Initially, the Germans called the lands where Latgalians lived. The name "Latvia" came into the Latvian language from Lithuanian, in which it was formed from the ethnonym of Latvians - "Latvian" (lit. latviai).

Lithuania

The etymology of the word "Lithuania" is not exactly known, but there are many versions, none of which has received universal recognition. The root "lit" and its variants "years" / "lute" admit different interpretations both in the Baltic and Slavic, and in other Indo-European languages. So, for example, there are consonant toponyms on the territory of Slovakia "Lytva" and Romania "Litua", known from the XI-XII centuries. According to some, the toponym is formed from the ancient name of the river Letava (Lietavà from lit. lieti "pour"). The feudal principality, through the lands of which this river flowed, eventually took a leading position and the name was extended to the entire state.

Estonia

Until the 18th-19th centuries, Estonians called themselves maarahvas, which literally means “people of the earth,” that is, engaged in agriculture. The term eestlane comes from Latin (Aesti). This is how Tacitus is named in "Germany" for the people inhabiting the distant coast of the Baltic Sea. The ancient Scandinavian sagas contain mention of a land called Eistland - this is how Estonia is still called in Icelandic, which is close to Danish, German, Dutch, Swedish and Norwegian versions of the name - Estland. Early Latin sources also contain versions of the name of the territory Estia and Hestia.

Prussia

There is no consensus among researchers about the origin of the ethnic name of the Prussians prūss, prūsai ("Pruss", "Prussians") and the region Prūsa ("Prussia [en]"). According to the assumption of linguists, this generalizing exonym of the Prussians appeared among their neighbors, first of all, probably, among the Slavs who lived southwest of the city. The Poles called the Prussians "prysy". Words consonant with the name of the Prussians are found in different languages: Skt. पुरुष (puruṣa) - "man", Gothic. "𐍀𐍂𐌿𐍃" (prus) - horse, gelding (Adam of Bremen mentions that the Prussians ate horse meat and drank mare's milk and horse blood, the property of the dead was divided according to the results of riders' competitions).

History

Geografy

Physico-geographical sketch

The Baltics are located in the western part of the East European Plain. From the northwest and north, it is washed by the Baltic Sea (Prussian, Curonian, Riga and Finnish gulfs). In the east, the Valdai Upland adjoins it, in the southeast and south - the Polesie Lowland, in the west - the Central European Plain.

The time zone of the territories of the Baltic States is Eastern European time (UTC + 2, in summer - UTC + 3).

Relief

Coastline

On the southeastern coast of the Baltic, along the course from Prussia in the direction of Ingria, on the Baltic coast, the largest elements stand out: the Sambia Peninsula, with the Vistula and Curonian Spits extending from it, the Kurland (Kurzeme) Peninsula, the Gulf of Riga, the Estonian Peninsula, the Narva Bay, behind which the entrance to the Gulf of Finland opens.

Amder1.jpg
Amber2.jpg

In the area of ​​the Sambia Peninsula, when approaching the sea, the hills break off with high, steep ledges - cliffs. The height of the cliffs reaches 55-60 meters. At their base, Cenozoic, mainly Late Paleogene and Neogene sandstones, sands and clays are exposed. The main deposits of the Baltic amber are associated with these preglacial marine sediments.

The foothills of the cliffs are often framed by extensive sandy beaches, the surface of which is usually covered with aeolian dunes in a complex combination with ripples on the coast. To the north-east of the Prussian Gulf opens the Polessian lowland, most of which is located several meters below sea level. In such areas, the coastline is protected from possible flooding by dams. The bays themselves are shallow (the depth is no more than 3.7 meters).

Curonian Spit from Space.jpg
Cur.jpg

The Curonian Spit is a unique natural object of the southern Baltic region. It is the largest spit in the Baltic Sea. Its total length is 97-98 km, width - from 400 m (in the area of ​​the village of Lesnoye) to 3.8 km (in the area of ​​Cape Bulvikio, just north of Nida). In size: the total volume of sand is more than 6 billion cubic meters or 6 cubic kilometers), its sand dunes up to 64-68 m high (Efa dune) are the third in the world, after the dunes of Vietnam and France (Dune in Pyla - 97 m).

Climate

The average annual temperature is +5.9 ºС. The maximum recorded air temperature is +36 ºС, the minimum temperature was -33 ºС. Average temperature fluctuations in January are from -0.5 ºС to -5 ºС, and in July - from +17.5 ºС to +18.5 ºС.

The Baltic Sea has a significant impact on humidity. The average annual humidity is 81%. In winter, fogs, heavy snowfalls are frequent, in autumn and summer, torrential rains. Average annual precipitation is 600-700 mm. Most rainfall occurs between April and October. In winter, the wind often blows from the west, southwest and south. The highest recorded wind speed is 30 m / s with gusts up to 48 m / s. The number of hours of sunshine per year is about 1800. In late spring and summer, the sun shines for 8-10 hours a day, in late autumn - 2-3 hours.

Demographics

Religion

Ethnicity

Language

Health

Education

Largest Cities

 
Largest cities or towns in Baltic Commonweal
Federal Committee of Statistics
Rank County Pop. Rank County Pop.
Rīga
Rīga
Vilniaus
Vilniaus 		1 Rīga Federal City 1,713,868 11 Jelgava Jelgavas Novads 262,331 Tallinn
Tallinn
Daugavpils
Daugavpils
2 Vilniaus Vilniaus Apskritis 1,074,142 12 Bauska Bauskas Novads 250,596
3 Tallinn Harjumaa 834,562 13 Tartu Tartumaa 237,828
4 Daugavpils Daugavpils Novads 509,410 14 Klaipēda Klaipēdos Apskritis 209,594
5 Kaunas Kauno Apskritis 500,167 15 Rakvere Lāāne-Virumaa 176,493
6 Liepāja Liepājas Novads 489,359 16 Elblagas Elblago Apskritis 168,219
7 Karaliaučius Karaliaučiaus Apskritis 330,065 17 Cēsis Cēsu Novads 164,111
8 Narva Ida-Virumaa 328,763 18 Rēzekne Rēzeknes Novads 149,892
9 Ventspils Ventspils Novads 316,851 19 Īsrutis Mažosios Lietuvos Apskritis 123,502
10 Pārnu Pārnumaa 279,200 20 Šiauliai Šiaulių apskritis 107,875

Economy

Industry

Agriculture

Tourism

Extractive industry

Transport and Energy

Transport

Energy

Culture

Gastronomy

Holidays

Mass media

Television and radio broadcasting

Press

Architecture

Military establishment

State structure

Government

Executive power

Legislature

Judicial branch

Political parties

Migration policy

After a series of terrorist acts in the world, the government has consistently tightened immigration laws. Anti-immigration measures have significantly reduced the inflow of certain categories of migrants to Baltic Commonweal. In particular, in 2018, 4198 entry permits for family reunification were issued, which is 70% less than in 2013, and 1038 people were granted political asylum (82.5% less). At the same time, over the period 2013-2018, the number of those who received a study visa increased from 10 to 28.4 thousand people (an increase of 2.8 times), and those who entered on a work visa - from 5.9 to 12.8 thousand people (an increase 100%). In 2019, the measures were further tightened - in particular, a point system was introduced for spouses of immigrants wishing to enter the country.

Administrative division

Baltia novads.jpg Baltia cities.jpg

Arms County
 		County seat Population Code Governor
Coat of Arms of Riga small.png Federal City Rīga 1,713,868 R Mārtiņš Staķis
Coat of Arms of Jūrmala.svg.png Rīgas Priekšpilsētā Jūrmala 430,229 JŪ Gatis Truksnis
LVA Jelgavas novads COA.png Jelgavas Novads Jelgava 534,028 JE Andris Rāviņš
Ventspils novads .png Ventspils Novads Ventspils 516,521 V Aivars Lembergs
Coat of Arms of Liepāja.svg.png Liepājas Novads Liepāja 611,385 L Jānis Vilnītis
Escut Saldus.png Saldus Novads Saldus 361,320 S Māris Čakste
Bauska city coa.png Bauskas Novads Bauska 406,712 B Anna Jabkovska
Coat of arms of Daugavpils.svg.png Daugavpils Novads Daugavpils 639,266 D Igors Prelatovs
Coat of Arms of Preiļi.svg.png Preiļu Novads Preiļi 199,680 P Oļegs Hļebņikovs
Krāslavas novads COA.png Krāslavas Novads Krāslava 121,403 K Gunārs Upenieks
Coat of Arms of Rēzeknes novads.svg.png Rēzeknes Novads Rēzekne 387,113 RĒ Monvīds Švarcs
Balvu novads COA.png Balvu Novads Balvi 97,171 BA Aigars Pušpurs
LVA Madonas novads COA.png Madonas Novads Madona 70,326 M Agris Lungevičs
LVA Alūksnes novads COA.png Alūksnes Novads Alūksne 154,348 A Arturs Dukulis
LVA Cēsu novads COA.png Cēsu Novads Cēsis 359,605 C Jānis Rozenbergs
LVA Smiltenes novads COA.png Smiltenes Novads Smiltene 177,002 SM Edgars Avotiņš
LVA Ādažu novads COA.png Ādažu Novads Ādaži 255,781 ĀD Māris Sprindžuks
LVA Valkas novads COA.png Valkas Novads Valka 115,391 VK Vents Armands Krauklis
Limbažu novads COA.png Limbažu Novads Limbaži 264,899 LI Didzis Zemmers
Abrene COA.png Abrenes Novads Abrene 224,395 AB Bruno Celmiņš
Coat of Arms of Krāslava.svg.png Upītes Novads Upīte 84,202 U Arvīds Kucins
Limbazi gerb.png Braslas Novads Brasla 104,777 BR Jānis Baiks
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