Altomare C.87 Ciclone: Difference between revisions
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|first flight= October 11, 1981 | |first flight= October 11, 1981 | ||
|introduced= 1987 | |introduced= 1987 | ||
|retired= | |retired= 2023 | ||
|status= | |status= Retired | ||
|primary user= [[Lumenic Air Force]] | |primary user= [[Lumenic Air Force]] | ||
|more users= | |more users= | ||
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The '''Altomare C.87 Ciclone''' is a fighter aircraft designed and produced by [[Altomare Aviation]] intended to replace the [[Licana|Licanan]] {{wpl|McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II|I-36}} and [[Notreceau|Notreceauen]] [[Prévoyance | The '''Altomare C.87 Ciclone''' is a fighter aircraft designed and produced by [[Altomare Aviation]] intended to replace the [[Licana|Licanan]] {{wpl|McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II|I-36}} and [[Notreceau|Notreceauen]] [[Prévoyance-Scorza Albatros]] aircraft in service with the [[Lumenic Air Force]]. The aircraft is a is a long-range, twin-engine, {{wpl|variable-sweep wing}} interceptor aircraft. Developed from the [[Altomare A.79 Ciclone]] {{wpl|Fighter-bomber|fighter-bomber}}, the C.87 was originally developed during the [[Omandan Continental War]] as a means for the Lumenic Air Force to intercept [[Order of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Order]] bombers before they could launch attacks against their targets, it was equipped with an extremely powerful {{wpl|radar}} and {{wpl|beyond-visual-range missile}}s. | ||
Though the C.87 served | Though the C.87 served well during the Omandan Continental War and into the years that followed, and remains in service with the Lumenic Air Force, it is intended to ultimately be replaced by more modern {{wpl|Multirole combat aircraft|multirole combat aircraft}} like the [[Scorza C.96 Squalo]] and the [[Altomare C.11 Spettro]] {{wpl|Stealth aircraft|stealth}} fighter aircraft. | ||
The [[33° Stormo "Vanguardia"|33° Stormo]] was the last formation of the [[Lumenic Air Force]] to operate the C.87. The 33° Stormo recieved replacements for its C.87 aircraft in March of 2023 and now operates the [[Scorza C.96 Squalo]]. | |||
==History and development== | ==History and development== | ||
The requirement for a long range interceptor aircraft for the Lumenic AIr Force had been noted as early as the late 1950's | The requirement for a long range interceptor aircraft for the Lumenic AIr Force had been noted as early as the late 1950's following observations made by the Lumenic Legion regarding combat operations conducted by Soviet Forces in northern and central Omand. Lumenic Air Force pilots operating with the [[Royal Mejian Army Air Corps]] described the effectiveness of Soviet supersonic tactical bombers, such as the new {{wpl|Tupolev Tu-22M|Voloshin Vo-22M}} bombers, as well as more common threats like the {{wpl|Sukhoi Su-17|Lyadov Ly-17}} fighter-bombers and lamented their lack of ability to intercept these aircraft prior to them reaching their targets. | ||
Allied fighter aircraft, such as the Lumenic [[Altomare C.53 Passero]] and the Costa Mejian {{wpl|Bréguet 1100|ARCSA L-1 Halcón}} had absolutely no chance of intercepting the majority of Soviet aircraft. In 1961, following the introduction of the Notreceauen [[Prévoyance Épée III]], Allied fighter pilots began to see some limited success against tactical strike aircraft, most notably the slower Ly-17's, however, the higher and faster flying Vo-22 remained largely immune to interception efforts, and the {{Wpl|Tupolev Tu-160|Voloshin Vo-160}}, introduced in 1967, was completely immune to indigenous built allied aircraft's attempts to intercept them when operating at their service altitude and speed. | Allied fighter aircraft, such as the Lumenic [[Altomare C.53 Passero]] and the Costa Mejian {{wpl|Bréguet 1100|ARCSA L-1 Halcón}} had absolutely no chance of intercepting the majority of Soviet aircraft. In 1961, following the introduction of the Notreceauen [[Prévoyance Épée III]], Allied fighter pilots began to see some limited success against tactical strike aircraft, most notably the slower Ly-17's, however, the higher and faster flying Vo-22 remained largely immune to interception efforts, and the {{Wpl|Tupolev Tu-160|Voloshin Vo-160}}, introduced in 1967, was completely immune to indigenous built allied aircraft's attempts to intercept them when operating at their service altitude and speed. | ||
In 1963, the Lumenic and Notreceauen entered into an agreement to jointly develop a new tactical fighter aircraft intended to meet and neutralize the threat posed by both Soviet tactical and air superiority aircraft. The ''Programme d'avion de combat d'urgenc'' or Emergency Fighter Program, eventually resulted in the development and deployment of the [[Prévoyance | In 1963, the Lumenic and Notreceauen entered into an agreement to jointly develop a new tactical fighter aircraft intended to meet and neutralize the threat posed by both Soviet tactical and air superiority aircraft. The ''Programme d'avion de combat d'urgenc'' or Emergency Fighter Program, eventually resulted in the development and deployment of the [[Prévoyance-Scorza Albatros]]. However, the Lumenic Air Force was unable to obtain the aircraft in any reasonable number as production and deployment was prioritized for Notreceauen units. In fact, the Albatros, known as the C.73 in Lumenic service, would not see widespread service in the Lumenic Air Force until well after the 1972 [[Omandan Continental War#Offensive into Luminerra|invasion of Luminerra]], eventually reaching operational capacity in 1978, finally phasing the [[Altomare C.53 Passero]] out of fighter wings, religating the inferior aircraft to fighter-bomber squadrons until its eventual total retirement in 1982. | ||
Faced with an inability to obtain sufficient numbers of C. | Faced with an inability to obtain sufficient numbers of C.73's prior to the invasion of Luminerra, the Lumenic government turned to the Republic of Licana for assistance. Licana, a long time trading partner of Luminerra, was weary of the Soviet advance into southern Omand, and clearly saw the threat posed to their economy should the Lumenic {{Wpl|rare-earth element|rare eath metal}} mines fall into Soviet hands. As such, the nation was already examining its options to secure their investments. As one means to that end, the Licanan government authorized the sale of its retired {{wpl|McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II|I-36}} fighter aircraft to Luminerra. A total of 520 aircraft remained in the Licanan inventory as of 1970, and the majority of the aircraft were transferred to Lumenic control between 1968 and 1970. | ||
All indigenous aircraft development was halted in Luminerra in 1972 following the Soviet penetration of the ''Ultima Castellum''; the final defensive line constructed | All indigenous aircraft development was halted in Luminerra in 1972 following the Soviet penetration of the ''Ultima Castellum''; the final defensive line constructed by Luminerra and Notreceau in the northern Alpina Mountains, near the modern day Lumenic-Notreceauen border. At the time, the Lumenic Air Force and the Royal Defense Research Agency had been working to develop a variety of next generation aircraft, including aircraft utilizing {{wpl|stealth aircraft|stealth technology}} to defeat the advancing Soviet forces. One such project underway was what would eventually become the [[Altomare A.79 Ciclone]], a {{wpl|variable-sweep wing}} {{wpl|Interdictor|tactical interdiction}} strike fighter that would serve as the basis for the development of the C.87. | ||
Development work for the C.87 began as early as 1970, though did not see any significant advancement until 1978, following the removal of Soviet forces from Luminerra. Development began in earnest in 1979, with the first prototype of the C.87, converted from an existing A.79 airframe, being completed in 1981. This prototype, designated YA.81, first flew in October of that same year. Development of the airframe and avionic systems were mostly well in hand by 1983, but production was delayed while Luminerra worked to develop a suitable radar set | Development work for the C.87 began as early as 1970, though did not see any significant advancement until 1978, following the removal of Soviet forces from Luminerra. Development began in earnest in 1979, with the first prototype of the C.87, converted from an existing A.79 airframe, being completed in 1981. This prototype, designated YA.81, first flew in October of that same year. Development of the airframe and avionic systems were mostly well in hand by 1983, but production was delayed while Luminerra worked to develop a suitable radar set for new aircraft. A suitable {{wpl|beyond-visual-range missile}} had already been selected by developed and was in use by the Lumenic Air Force, designated as the {{wpl|Aspide|Vaccari Lancia}}, later designated the AIM-73 under the [[Lumenic Legion 1995 Common Designation System]]. Technical assistance from the Licanan government played a large role in speeding up development of a suitable radar set, with the Licanan {{Wpl|AN/AWG-9}} serving as technological examples to assist in research and development of the {{Wpl|AI.24 Foxhunter|C/ARA-85}} radar. | ||
==Operational history== | ==Operational history== | ||
The C.87 aircraft was retired on March 27, 2023 when the [[33° Stormo "Vanguardia"]] received [[Scorza C.96 Squalo]] aircraft to replace its remaining C.87 aircraft. | |||
==Variants== | ==Variants== | ||
| Line 48: | Line 52: | ||
* '''C.87''': Initial 1987 production version. 54 produced before the C.87B was accepted. | * '''C.87''': Initial 1987 production version. 54 produced before the C.87B was accepted. | ||
* '''C.87B''': 1989 upgrade to the production version, replacing the troublesome Aleo Fulmine engine with the more reliable Vaccari AE-2141. All C-.87 aircraft upgraded to the C.87B standard by 1991. | * '''C.87B''': 1989 upgrade to the production version, replacing the troublesome Aleo Fulmine engine with the more reliable Vaccari AE-2141. All C-.87 aircraft upgraded to the C.87B standard by 1991. | ||
* '''C. | * '''C.87C''': 1996 upgrade to the production version, introduced improved avionic systems as well as a redesign of the short-range missile hardpoints to increase carriage capacity and allowance for the newer AIM-95 missile to be carried. Total carriage improved from two AIM-81 missiles to four {{wpl|A-Darter|AIM-95}} {{wpl|Infrared homing|infrared homing}} air to air missiles. | ||
==Operators== | ==Operators== | ||
===Formner=== | |||
* {{Flag|Luminerra}} | * {{Flag|Luminerra}} | ||
** [[Lumenic Air Force]] | ** [[Lumenic Air Force]] | ||
==Specifications== | ==Specifications== | ||
[[File:Tornado ADV 3-view.png|right|450px|Orthographically projected diagram of the C.87 Ciclone]] | |||
[[File:Museum of Flight Tornado 01.jpg|thumb|The {{Wpl|AI.24 Foxhunter|C/ARA-85}} radar and C.87C Ciclone at the National Aviation Museum in Corgeno, [[Administrative Regions of Luminerra|Notteri]] ]] | |||
{{Aircraft specs | {{Aircraft specs | ||
|ref= | |ref= | ||
| Line 121: | Line 127: | ||
|armament= | |armament= | ||
*'''Guns''' | *'''Guns''' | ||
** 1 × 30 mm {{wpl|Oerlikon KCA|Srad CDR-3080}} cannon | ** 1 × 30 mm {{wpl|Oerlikon KCA|Srad CDR-3080}} cannon with 180 rounds (internally mounted under starboard side of fuselage) | ||
*'''{{wpl|Hardpoint}}s:''' 10 total (4× semi-recessed under-fuselage, 2× under-fuselage, 4× swivelling under-wing) | *'''{{wpl|Hardpoint}}s:''' 10 total (4× semi-recessed under-fuselage, 2× under-fuselage, 4× swivelling under-wing) | ||
**4× {{wpl|R-Darter|AIM-15}} {{Wpl|beyond-visual-range missile}} | **4× {{wpl|R-Darter|AIM-15}} {{Wpl|beyond-visual-range missile}} | ||
**4× {{wpl|A-Darter|AIM- | **4× {{wpl|A-Darter|AIM-92}} {{wpl|Infrared homing|infrared homing}} air-to-air missiles (mounted on 4 semi-recessed under-fuselage hardpoints) | ||
**6× [[Joint Advanced Anti-Aircraft Missile|AIM-95]] long range {{Wpl|air-to-air missile}}s | |||
*'''Others''': | *'''Others''': | ||
**Up to 2× {{Wpl|drop tank}}s for extended range/loitering time. Up to 4 drop tanks for ferry role | **Up to 2× {{Wpl|drop tank}}s for extended range/loitering time. Up to 4 drop tanks for ferry role | ||
|avionics= | |avionics= | ||
* [[Elettronica Consolidata di Luminerra|ECONLU]] {{Wpl|AI.24 Foxhunter|C/ARA-85}} radar | * [[Elettronica Consolidata di Luminerra|ECONLU]] {{Wpl|AI.24 Foxhunter|C/ARA-85}} radar | ||
* [[Joint Advanced Anti-Aircraft Missile|C/ART-95]] {{wpl|Ku-band|K<sub>u</sub>-band}} {{wpl|phased array}} RADAR illumination pod | |||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 135: | Line 143: | ||
: '''Related''' | : '''Related''' | ||
* [[Altomare A.79 Ciclone]] | * [[Altomare A.79 Ciclone]] | ||
* [[Altomare E.93 Ciclone]] | |||
: '''Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era''' | : '''Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era''' | ||
Latest revision as of 22:43, 25 July 2024
| Altomare C.87 Ciclone | |
|---|---|
| |
| A C.87 aircraft of the 333° Squadrone Caccia, 33° Stormo | |
| Role | Fighter/interceptor |
| National origin |  Luminerra
|
| Manufacturer | Altomare Aviation |
| First flight | October 11, 1981 |
| Introduction | 1987 |
| Retired | 2023 |
| Status | Retired |
| Primary user | Lumenic Air Force |
| Developed from | Altomare A.79 Ciclone |
The Altomare C.87 Ciclone is a fighter aircraft designed and produced by Altomare Aviation intended to replace the Licanan I-36 and Notreceauen Prévoyance-Scorza Albatros aircraft in service with the Lumenic Air Force. The aircraft is a is a long-range, twin-engine, variable-sweep wing interceptor aircraft. Developed from the Altomare A.79 Ciclone fighter-bomber, the C.87 was originally developed during the Omandan Continental War as a means for the Lumenic Air Force to intercept Soviet Order bombers before they could launch attacks against their targets, it was equipped with an extremely powerful radar and beyond-visual-range missiles.
Though the C.87 served well during the Omandan Continental War and into the years that followed, and remains in service with the Lumenic Air Force, it is intended to ultimately be replaced by more modern multirole combat aircraft like the Scorza C.96 Squalo and the Altomare C.11 Spettro stealth fighter aircraft.
The 33° Stormo was the last formation of the Lumenic Air Force to operate the C.87. The 33° Stormo recieved replacements for its C.87 aircraft in March of 2023 and now operates the Scorza C.96 Squalo.
History and development
The requirement for a long range interceptor aircraft for the Lumenic AIr Force had been noted as early as the late 1950's following observations made by the Lumenic Legion regarding combat operations conducted by Soviet Forces in northern and central Omand. Lumenic Air Force pilots operating with the Royal Mejian Army Air Corps described the effectiveness of Soviet supersonic tactical bombers, such as the new Voloshin Vo-22M bombers, as well as more common threats like the Lyadov Ly-17 fighter-bombers and lamented their lack of ability to intercept these aircraft prior to them reaching their targets.
Allied fighter aircraft, such as the Lumenic Altomare C.53 Passero and the Costa Mejian ARCSA L-1 Halcón had absolutely no chance of intercepting the majority of Soviet aircraft. In 1961, following the introduction of the Notreceauen Prévoyance Épée III, Allied fighter pilots began to see some limited success against tactical strike aircraft, most notably the slower Ly-17's, however, the higher and faster flying Vo-22 remained largely immune to interception efforts, and the Voloshin Vo-160, introduced in 1967, was completely immune to indigenous built allied aircraft's attempts to intercept them when operating at their service altitude and speed.
In 1963, the Lumenic and Notreceauen entered into an agreement to jointly develop a new tactical fighter aircraft intended to meet and neutralize the threat posed by both Soviet tactical and air superiority aircraft. The Programme d'avion de combat d'urgenc or Emergency Fighter Program, eventually resulted in the development and deployment of the Prévoyance-Scorza Albatros. However, the Lumenic Air Force was unable to obtain the aircraft in any reasonable number as production and deployment was prioritized for Notreceauen units. In fact, the Albatros, known as the C.73 in Lumenic service, would not see widespread service in the Lumenic Air Force until well after the 1972 invasion of Luminerra, eventually reaching operational capacity in 1978, finally phasing the Altomare C.53 Passero out of fighter wings, religating the inferior aircraft to fighter-bomber squadrons until its eventual total retirement in 1982.
Faced with an inability to obtain sufficient numbers of C.73's prior to the invasion of Luminerra, the Lumenic government turned to the Republic of Licana for assistance. Licana, a long time trading partner of Luminerra, was weary of the Soviet advance into southern Omand, and clearly saw the threat posed to their economy should the Lumenic rare eath metal mines fall into Soviet hands. As such, the nation was already examining its options to secure their investments. As one means to that end, the Licanan government authorized the sale of its retired I-36 fighter aircraft to Luminerra. A total of 520 aircraft remained in the Licanan inventory as of 1970, and the majority of the aircraft were transferred to Lumenic control between 1968 and 1970.
All indigenous aircraft development was halted in Luminerra in 1972 following the Soviet penetration of the Ultima Castellum; the final defensive line constructed by Luminerra and Notreceau in the northern Alpina Mountains, near the modern day Lumenic-Notreceauen border. At the time, the Lumenic Air Force and the Royal Defense Research Agency had been working to develop a variety of next generation aircraft, including aircraft utilizing stealth technology to defeat the advancing Soviet forces. One such project underway was what would eventually become the Altomare A.79 Ciclone, a variable-sweep wing tactical interdiction strike fighter that would serve as the basis for the development of the C.87.
Development work for the C.87 began as early as 1970, though did not see any significant advancement until 1978, following the removal of Soviet forces from Luminerra. Development began in earnest in 1979, with the first prototype of the C.87, converted from an existing A.79 airframe, being completed in 1981. This prototype, designated YA.81, first flew in October of that same year. Development of the airframe and avionic systems were mostly well in hand by 1983, but production was delayed while Luminerra worked to develop a suitable radar set for new aircraft. A suitable beyond-visual-range missile had already been selected by developed and was in use by the Lumenic Air Force, designated as the Vaccari Lancia, later designated the AIM-73 under the Lumenic Legion 1995 Common Designation System. Technical assistance from the Licanan government played a large role in speeding up development of a suitable radar set, with the Licanan AN/AWG-9 serving as technological examples to assist in research and development of the C/ARA-85 radar.
Operational history
The C.87 aircraft was retired on March 27, 2023 when the 33° Stormo "Vanguardia" received Scorza C.96 Squalo aircraft to replace its remaining C.87 aircraft.
Variants
- YA-81 - Prototype version constructed form ane xisting A.79 airframe. First flew in 1981.
- C.87: Initial 1987 production version. 54 produced before the C.87B was accepted.
- C.87B: 1989 upgrade to the production version, replacing the troublesome Aleo Fulmine engine with the more reliable Vaccari AE-2141. All C-.87 aircraft upgraded to the C.87B standard by 1991.
- C.87C: 1996 upgrade to the production version, introduced improved avionic systems as well as a redesign of the short-range missile hardpoints to increase carriage capacity and allowance for the newer AIM-95 missile to be carried. Total carriage improved from two AIM-81 missiles to four AIM-95 infrared homing air to air missiles.
Operators
Formner
Specifications
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Length: 18.68 m (61 ft 3 in)
- Wingspan: 13.91 m (45 ft 8 in)
- Height: 5.95 m (19 ft 6 in)
- Wing area: 26.6 m2 (286 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 14,500 kg (31,967 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 27,986 kg (61,699 lb)
- Powerplant: 2 × Vaccari AE-2141 afterburning 3-spool turbofan, 40.5 kN (9,100 lbf) thrust each dry, 73.5 kN (16,500 lbf) with afterburner
Performance
- Maximum speed: 2,400 km/h (1,491 mph; 1,296 kn) / M2.2 at 9,000 m (29,528 ft)
- Combat range: 1,853 km (1,151 mi; 1,001 nmi)
- Ferry range: 4,265 km (2,650 mi; 2,303 nmi)
- Endurance: 2 hr combat air patrol at 560–740 km (348–460 mi) from base
- Service ceiling: 15,240 m (50,000 ft)
Armament
- Guns
- 1 × 30 mm Srad CDR-3080 cannon with 180 rounds (internally mounted under starboard side of fuselage)
- Hardpoints: 10 total (4× semi-recessed under-fuselage, 2× under-fuselage, 4× swivelling under-wing)
- 4× AIM-15 beyond-visual-range missile
- 4× AIM-92 infrared homing air-to-air missiles (mounted on 4 semi-recessed under-fuselage hardpoints)
- 6× AIM-95 long range air-to-air missiles
- Others:
- Up to 2× drop tanks for extended range/loitering time. Up to 4 drop tanks for ferry role
Avionics
- ECONLU C/ARA-85 radar
- C/ART-95 Ku-band phased array RADAR illumination pod
See also
- Related
- Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era