Orun Redisus: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox country | {{Infobox country | ||
|native_name = Orun Redisus | |native_name = Orun Redisus | ||
|conventional_long_name = The Kingdom of Orun Redisus | |conventional_long_name = The Kingdom of Orun Redisus | ||
|common_name = Redisus | |common_name = Redisus | ||
|image_flag = | |image_flag = TarsasFlag.png | ||
|image_coat = | |image_coat = | ||
|symbol_type = | |symbol_type = | ||
|national_motto = | |national_motto = | ||
|image_map = | |image_map = [[image:OR city map.png|300px]] | ||
|capital = [[Atica]] | |capital = [[Atica]] | ||
|largest_city = [[ | |largest_city = [[Oranth]] | ||
|official_languages = {{wpl|Reeze}} | |official_languages = [[Lorvish]], {{wpl|Reeze}} | ||
|regional_languages = Various | |regional_languages = Orunil, Various Local Dialects | ||
|languages_type = <!--Other type of language--!> | |languages_type = <!--Other type of language--!> | ||
|languages = <!--Other languages list--> | |languages = <!--Other languages list--> | ||
|ethnic_groups = | |ethnic_groups = Caluran, Various Indigenous | ||
|ethnic_groups_year = 2018 | |ethnic_groups_year = 2018 | ||
|demonym = Redisan | |demonym = Redisan | ||
| Line 22: | Line 23: | ||
|leader_name1 = [[King of Orun Redisus|Indóre II]] | |leader_name1 = [[King of Orun Redisus|Indóre II]] | ||
|leader_title2 = Great Houses of Orun | |leader_title2 = Great Houses of Orun | ||
|leader_name2 = House | |leader_name2 = House Drean, House Ivorea, House Antacas, House Antias, House Vendil | ||
|sovereignty_type = | |sovereignty_type = | ||
|sovereignty_note = | |sovereignty_note = | ||
| Line 45: | Line 46: | ||
|area_rank = | |area_rank = | ||
|area_magnitude = | |area_magnitude = | ||
|area_km2 = | |area_km2 = 520256 | ||
|percent_water = | |percent_water = | ||
|population_estimate = 31,392,201 | |population_estimate = 31,392,201 | ||
| Line 60: | Line 61: | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = | |GDP_PPP_per_capita = | ||
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | ||
|GDP_nominal = $ | |GDP_nominal = $1,353,066,647,502 | ||
|GDP_nominal_rank = | |GDP_nominal_rank = | ||
|GDP_nominal_year = 2020 | |GDP_nominal_year = 2020 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = | |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $43,102 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | ||
|Gini = 0.21 | |Gini = 0.21 | ||
| Line 84: | Line 85: | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Kingdom of Orun Redisus''', or '''Orun Redisus''' or '''Redisus''' for short is a {{wp|constitutional monarchy}} located in Northern [[Oxidentale]] in [[Ajax]]. It is the least populated country on the continent with only 31,392,201 citizens. It is bordered by [[Sante Reze]] to the south, [[Mutul]] to the southwest, the [[Salacian Ocean]] to the north, and the [[Kayamuca Sea]] to the west and covers an area of XXXX square kilometers, making it the smallest nation in Oxidentale by land area. The nation's capital is [[Atica]], its financial center is [[Orun]], and its largest urban area is [[Ansil]]. | The '''Kingdom of Orun Redisus''', or '''Orun Redisus''' or '''Redisus''' for short is a {{wp|constitutional monarchy}} located in Northern [[Oxidentale]] in [[Ajax]]. It is the least populated country on the continent with only 31,392,201 citizens. It is bordered by [[Sante Reze]] to the south, [[Mutul|The Mutul]] to the southwest, the [[Salacian Ocean]] to the north, and the [[Kayamuca Sea]] to the west and covers an area of XXXX square kilometers, making it the smallest nation in Oxidentale by land area. The nation's capital is [[Atica]], its financial center is [[Orun]], and its largest urban area is [[Ansil]]. | ||
Orun Redisus was created in 1802 by the unification of the [[Noble Houses of Orun]] and the [[Kingdom of Redisus]] brought about by the marriage of King [[Raphael I]] and [[Duchess Elmera]] of [[House Dreos (Orun Redisus)|House Dreos]]. Prior to this, both Orun and Redisus suceeded from [[Sante Reze]] in 1708 during the civil war between the great houses. Orun on the mainland fell under the rule of the [[Five Great Houses of Orun]] while a relative of the last King of Sante Reze took the throne on the island Kingdom of Redisus. Both states were heavily at odds during a period known as the Shadow War. Following that, Redisus supported [[House Ivorea (Orun Redisus)|House Ivorea]] during the [[War of Oran Succession]]. The victory of House Ivorea against House Valdron and the subsequent dissolution of that house cemented favorable relations between the other five houses and the Kingdom of Redisus, resulting in the eventual unification of both states. | Orun Redisus was created in 1802 by the unification of the [[Noble Houses of Orun]] and the [[Kingdom of Redisus]] brought about by the marriage of King [[Raphael I]] and [[Duchess Elmera]] of [[House Dreos (Orun Redisus)|House Dreos]]. Prior to this, both Orun and Redisus suceeded from [[Sante Reze]] in 1708 during the civil war between the great houses. Orun on the mainland fell under the rule of the [[Five Great Houses of Orun]] while a relative of the last King of Sante Reze took the throne on the island Kingdom of Redisus. Both states were heavily at odds during a period known as the Shadow War. Following that, Redisus supported [[House Ivorea (Orun Redisus)|House Ivorea]] during the [[War of Oran Succession]]. The victory of House Ivorea against House Valdron and the subsequent dissolution of that house cemented favorable relations between the other five houses and the Kingdom of Redisus, resulting in the eventual unification of both states. | ||
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==Geography and Climate== | ==Geography and Climate== | ||
Orun Redisus is located directly north of the equitorial region of [[Oxidentale]] and as a result, has a {{wp|Tropical climate|diverse tropical climate}}. The region of Orun on the mainland contains the northernmost region of the [[Ucayare Rainforest]] and a large portion of its southern border with [[Sante Reze]] is made up of the [[Ucayare River]]. The [[Ithican Mountains]] run along the southwest border with [[Mutul]] and have acted as a natural barrier between the two regions. Several {{wp|tributaries}} that flow into the Ucayare originate from this region. Orun also borders [[Lake X]], one of the largest lakes in Oxidentale and a major hub for fishing and tourism. | Orun Redisus is located directly north of the equitorial region of [[Oxidentale]] and as a result, has a {{wp|Tropical climate|diverse tropical climate}}. The region of Orun on the mainland contains the northernmost region of the [[Ucayare Rainforest]] and a large portion of its southern border with [[Sante Reze]] is made up of the [[Ucayare River]]. The [[Ithican Mountains]] run along the southwest border with [[Mutul|The Mutul]] and have acted as a natural barrier between the two regions. Several {{wp|tributaries}} that flow into the Ucayare originate from this region. Orun also borders [[Lake X]], one of the largest lakes in Oxidentale and a major hub for fishing and tourism. | ||
The island of Redisus is of a similar climate and is a {{wp|High island}}, created by numerous volcanic eruptions from the ocean floor of the Salacian Ocean many years prior. The rich volcanic soil allowed flora and fauna from the mainland to take root and also allowed the island to develop its own unique species. The most notable landmark on Redisus is [[Mount Canithica]], which is an {{wp|volcano#extinct|extinct volcano}} whose various historical eruptions contributed to the growth of the island historically. It is believed the last time Canthica erupted was six thousand years prior to the current year. Redisus is known for its many rocky hills, smaller mountains and tall ocean cliffs which are all covered by natural {{wp|rainforest}}. | The island of Redisus is of a similar climate and is a {{wp|High island}}, created by numerous volcanic eruptions from the ocean floor of the Salacian Ocean many years prior. The rich volcanic soil allowed flora and fauna from the mainland to take root and also allowed the island to develop its own unique species. The most notable landmark on Redisus is [[Mount Canithica]], which is an {{wp|volcano#extinct|extinct volcano}} whose various historical eruptions contributed to the growth of the island historically. It is believed the last time Canthica erupted was six thousand years prior to the current year. Redisus is known for its many rocky hills, smaller mountains and tall ocean cliffs which are all covered by natural {{wp|rainforest}}. | ||
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===Climate=== | ===Climate=== | ||
===Biodiversity=== | ===Biodiversity=== | ||
Orun Redisus is considered one of the {{wp|Megadiverse countries|megadiverse}} nations of [[Ajax]]. Because of its location, climate, and topography, Orun Redisus has a vast biodiversity with over 22,492 species of plants, 4,219 of them {{endemism|endemic}}. The nation has over 1,900 species of birds (87 endemic), over 500 species of mammals, over 300 species of reptiles, and over 1,000 species of freshwater fishes. The island of [[Redisus]] has many unique species that are endemic to just itself. With the passage of the [[Diversity Protection Act]] of 1932, vast nature preserves were created inside the mainland region of Orun on the borders of [[Sante Reze]] and [[Mutul]]. These wilderness regions serve as enclaves for many of the world's most coloful bird species, such as the {{wp|Plum-throated cotinga}}. Large mammals such as {{wp|Jaguars}} and {{wp|bears}} inhabit the jungle regions. | Orun Redisus is considered one of the {{wp|Megadiverse countries|megadiverse}} nations of [[Ajax]]. Because of its location, climate, and topography, Orun Redisus has a vast biodiversity with over 22,492 species of plants, 4,219 of them {{endemism|endemic}}. The nation has over 1,900 species of birds (87 endemic), over 500 species of mammals, over 300 species of reptiles, and over 1,000 species of freshwater fishes. The island of [[Redisus]] has many unique species that are endemic to just itself. With the passage of the [[Diversity Protection Act]] of 1932, vast nature preserves were created inside the mainland region of Orun on the borders of [[Sante Reze]] and [[Mutul|The Mutul]]. These wilderness regions serve as enclaves for many of the world's most coloful bird species, such as the {{wp|Plum-throated cotinga}}. Large mammals such as {{wp|Jaguars}} and {{wp|bears}} inhabit the jungle regions. | ||
The oceans around the nation are home to many species such as {{wp|whales}}, {{wp|dolphins}}, {{wp|tuna}}, and {{wp|sharks}}. The mountainous cloud slope jungle regions also sustain many types of {{wp|moss}} and {{wp|orchids}}. The jungles also sustain a staggering variety of flowering trees and plants. | The oceans around the nation are home to many species such as {{wp|whales}}, {{wp|dolphins}}, {{wp|tuna}}, and {{wp|sharks}}. The mountainous cloud slope jungle regions also sustain many types of {{wp|moss}} and {{wp|orchids}}. The jungles also sustain a staggering variety of flowering trees and plants. The [[Ucayare National Reserve]], which is a part of the [[Ucayare Rainforest]] in Orun is also one of the last bastions of [[megafauna]], with the {{wp|Ground sloth|White Tipped Ground Slot}} and the {{wp|Josephoartigasia monesi|Northern Ucayare Capybara}} roaming throughout the region. Populations of the well known predator, the {{wp|Smilodon|Sword Toothed Cat}}, are the primary predators of these species and support population control. Known populations of {{wp|Phorusrhacidae|Terror Birds}} are also present and are believed to have inhabited the region of [[Orun]] for many centuries. | ||
=== | ==History== | ||
===Caluran Era (2000-710)=== | |||
The [[Caluran People|Calurans]], descendants of the first {{wp|Paleo-Indians}} that settled modern day Orun Redisus, began to form larger communities along the coastal areas [[Orun]] as early as 20th century BC. It was during this era that many unique forms of {{wp|pottery}} were created and other advances such as unified tribal government emerged. They developed a unique culture along the basin of the [[Selian River]] as early as the 18th century BC. These communities eventually expanded into cities as neighboring subsistence tribal communities were absorbed by various cheiftans and a bustling nation had developed by the 14th century. It was referred to as "Calura" by the government and those who lived within its protection. | |||
Comprising of cities along major waterways and along the coast of Orun, Calura had developed significantly by the 10th century with walled cities as well as {{wp|zigurats}} becoming common structures for palaces and burials. The earliest documented and likely first Caluran Emperor was [[Gothren I]] who ruled sometime in the 10th century and declared the founding of the Caluran Empire. Ancient texts note that he launched out to the island of [[Redisus]] as early as the 1080s and established a prescense at the modern day city of [[Andaluca]] on the southern coast of the island, where he constructed the city of [[Andan]] using the resources of the conquered tribes, which would serve as the Caluran capital of the Caluran Empire for seventy years during the [[Kayamuca Empire|Kayamucan Conquest]]. | |||
===Kayamucan Conquest (790-632)=== | |||
Caluran influence, while domineering for many centuries, faced various conflicts with a group of tribes southwestern Orun that would later become known as the [[Kayamuca Empire|Kayamuca]]. As the 8th century drew to a close, Caluran influence began to wane on Orun as raids from the southwest increased. By 790, Caluran military forces were losing control of roadways and outposts on the Orun frontier. This lead to the first of the [[Frontier Wars]], which raged from 790 - 700. This period of instability also caused a successive list of emperors to sit on the Caluran throne, all for a relatively short period of time. Rampant corruption and decadence throughout the empire created a ripe atmosphere for the weakening of the old order. | |||
==Government== | ==Government== | ||
Orun Redisus is a {{wp|Constitutional monarchy}}, consisting of an executive function, the [[King of Orun Redisus|King]], and a legislative function, the [[Central Assembly of Orun Redisus|Central Assembly]]. Both branches were established by the [[Unified Constitution of Orun Resdisus]], which was ratified in 1803 during the [[Assembly of the Four Dawns]]. The [[Five Great Houses of Orun]] serve as the [[Upper Chamber of Advisors (Orun Redisus|Upper Chamber]] and advise the [[Lower Chamber of Law (Orun Redisus)|Lower Chamber]] and also serve as advisors for the King. These are lifetime appointed positions held by the head of each family. The Lower Chamber is comprised of seventy-two elected officials from twenty-four electorate districts. Each district is limted to three elected representatives, regardless of population, and elections are held every two years. | Orun Redisus is a {{wp|Constitutional monarchy}}, consisting of an executive function, the [[King of Orun Redisus|King]], and a legislative function, the [[Central Assembly of Orun Redisus|Central Assembly]]. Both branches were established by the [[Unified Constitution of Orun Resdisus]], which was ratified in 1803 during the [[Assembly of the Four Dawns]]. The [[Five Great Houses of Orun]] serve as the [[Upper Chamber of Advisors (Orun Redisus|Upper Chamber]] and advise the [[Lower Chamber of Law (Orun Redisus)|Lower Chamber]] and also serve as advisors for the King. These are lifetime appointed positions held by the head of each family. The Lower Chamber is comprised of seventy-two elected officials from twenty-four electorate districts. Each district is limted to three elected representatives, regardless of population, and elections are held every two years. | ||
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Though most manufacturing has been outsourced, Oran Redisus still retains some limited heavy industry in its {{wp|vehicle manufacturing}} and {{wp|shipbuilding}} sectors. With the main economic centers located on the island of Redisus, defense and management of shipping lanes has always been a key issue for Orun Redisus. This has been one of the few industries that the government has actively sought to maintain in order to support national defense and continued trade of key goods with other countries through {{wp|container ships}}. The nation also produces {{wp|automobiles}} with two national competing automotive brands, [[Pantra A.E]] and [[Aldmerta Automotive]]. Both of these companies also design {{wp|military technology}} though manufacturing of smaller components is mostly done overseas and {{wp|import|imported}} with only two assembly plants remaining. | Though most manufacturing has been outsourced, Oran Redisus still retains some limited heavy industry in its {{wp|vehicle manufacturing}} and {{wp|shipbuilding}} sectors. With the main economic centers located on the island of Redisus, defense and management of shipping lanes has always been a key issue for Orun Redisus. This has been one of the few industries that the government has actively sought to maintain in order to support national defense and continued trade of key goods with other countries through {{wp|container ships}}. The nation also produces {{wp|automobiles}} with two national competing automotive brands, [[Pantra A.E]] and [[Aldmerta Automotive]]. Both of these companies also design {{wp|military technology}} though manufacturing of smaller components is mostly done overseas and {{wp|import|imported}} with only two assembly plants remaining. | ||
Historically, the both the mainland of Orun and the island of Redisus have grown crops such as {{wp|Cocoa}}, {{wp|coffee}}, and {{wp|citrus}}. {{wp|Agriculture}} is still practiced in many parts of the nation with many small family farms producing these crops. These are mostly sold and consumed locally but are exported to other nations to some extent. Though dwarfed by the {{wp|cocoa}} production in its neighbor [[Mutul]], {{wp|chocolate}} is still grown and exported in much smaller quantities, mostly in Orun on the mainland. Many local importers have made a profit purchasing products from the [[Mutul]] and selling them for a profit to nations that participate in the embargo of that nation. | Historically, the both the mainland of Orun and the island of Redisus have grown crops such as {{wp|Cocoa}}, {{wp|coffee}}, and {{wp|citrus}}. {{wp|Agriculture}} is still practiced in many parts of the nation with many small family farms producing these crops. These are mostly sold and consumed locally but are exported to other nations to some extent. Though dwarfed by the {{wp|cocoa}} production in its neighbor [[Mutul|The Mutul]], {{wp|chocolate}} is still grown and exported in much smaller quantities, mostly in Orun on the mainland. Many local importers have made a profit purchasing products from the [[Mutul|The Mutul]] and selling them for a profit to nations that participate in the embargo of that nation. | ||
===Business and Finance=== | |||
Orun Redisus is known for offering a strong enabling environment: stable political and macroeconomic conditions, a future-oriented Government, and good general infrastructure and ICT infrastructure for businesses. Since the early 1970s, significant improvements to its reglatory environment have steadily improved the nation's business climate. This has resulted in a large presence of international businesses and corporations that take advantage of its strategic location as well as its stable regulatory system, especially from neighboring nations in [[Oxidentale]] and [[Norumbia]]. The city of [[Iquitan]] on the eastern coast of [[Redisus]] has a particularly large number of banks and other financial institutions that were attracted to the city by the presence of the [[Iquitan Stock Exchange (ISEX)]], who lists entities from across Ajax. | |||
Redisan workers were not allowed the right to {{wp|collective bargaining}} until 1975 when legislation was passed outlining considerably increased labor protections in the wake of rising underage workers in rural areas. Unions are allowed {{wp|right to strike}}, though they must be registered with the [[Directorate of Labor (Orun Redisus|Directorate of Labor]]. Unions and corporations are both required by law to enter into judicial mediated negotiation if either side of a dispute calls for it, which has resulted in favorable outcomes in many large scale labor disputes. Strengthening of anti discrimination laws also contributes to a lower unemployment. | |||
OR's monetary policy stresses longterm stability and predictability and the [[Unified Treasury (Orun Redisus|Unified Treasury]] is careful to move interests rates according similarly with the trends of major economic powers and seeks to actively limit {{wp|inflation}} where possible. The Redisan economy's reliance on finance and shipping has resulted in a consistent move to remain stable and strong in order to attract commerce and industry from around the world. OR also has an attractive tax system, making it a destination for tax avoidance. With a very low corporate tax rate and a simplified tax system, significant amounts of tax free foreign money is hidden in Redisan banks. | |||
===Infrastructure=== | ===Infrastructure=== | ||
Orun Redisus has been progressively adopting a national {{wp|green infrastructure}} policy with significant funding alloted to green energy projects, such as {{wp|Building-integrated photovoltaics}}. In 2014, the [[Central Assembly of Orun Redisus|Central Assembly]] allotted 150 million [[Ored|Oreds]] to subsidize the adoption of integrated solar energy into private buildings and introduced subsidies and tax credits for the integration of photovoltaic technology into any new structure built from January of 2017. All government owned facilities were fully upgraded with integrated photovoltaic technology as of 2020. This has resulted in a sharp increase in {{wp|solar energy}} production within cities. Several major cities are also known for significant reliance on {{wp|green infrastructure}}, where technologies such as {{wp|Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada)|low-impact development}}, green roofs, constructed wetlands, and urban forests have been implemented to significantly reduce the environmental impact of cities. The central government stepped in and began as early as 2015 providing significant funding towards the implementation of green infrastructure projects across the nation. Major population centers on Redisus were the first to rapidly adopt such infrastructure projects under the terms of the [[National Green Infrastructure Program]] of 2015. More remote and less well off communities on the mainland of Orun have been much slower to perform updates, with some remote jungle communities that have not been prioritized calling on the government to provide significantly more aid to upgrade aging infrastructure. | |||
Though efforts have been made to address this issue, there is still disparities between the region of [[Orun]] and the island of [[Redisus]]. Many remote Orun communities have received little attention from the central government, which has concentrated most of its budget primarily on the island of Redisus and on the three major Oruni cities of [[XX]], [[XX]], and [[XX]] near the northern coast. Costs to maintain aging infrastructure, most of which has not been updated since the early 1980s, has increased steadily every year. As of 2021, the Directorate of Internal Affairs announced that the infrastructure budget for 2022 would be increased to begin addressing aging facilities in remote communities. | |||
The capital of [[Atica]] is also known for its famous airport, [[Paradise International Airport]], which is known for the Paradise Garden, which houses a massive indoor {{wp|terrarium}} entirely comprised of {{wp|flora}} from Orun Redisus. The facility was constructed in 2018 during a planned update to the airport, which had not been updated since 1996.[[File:Jewel Changi (II).jpg|thumb|right|200px|Paradise Garden located within the interior of the airport]] | |||
===Science and Technology=== | ===Science and Technology=== | ||
====Environmental Technology==== | ====Environmental Technology==== | ||
===Agricultural=== | ===Agricultural=== | ||
===Conservation=== | |||
{{main|Conservation in Orun Redisus}} | |||
{{wp|Conservation}} is a significant part of the Redisan economy since the [[Diversity Protection Act]] of 1932 was introduced into law. The government has followed a strict pettern of tightening environmental protections and slowly decreading reliance on {{wp|fossil fuel|fossil fuels}} since the 1980s and increased reliance on clean energy sources such as {{wp|electricity}}, {{wp|hydrogen}}, {{wp|wind power}}, and {{wp|solar power}}. All government light duty vehicles were transitioned to full electric in 2014. All cities running public transit, such as {{wp|bus|busses}}, {{wp|subway|subways}}, and {{wp|tram|trams}}, were required to transition fully to electric by 2015. {{wp|Electric vehicle}}s are widely available in Orun Redisus due to the passage of the [[Electrification Initiative]] of 2005 which allotted significant funding and resources to the development of electric transportation methods. | |||
Since 1975 and the passage of the [[Diversity Protection Act]], the [[Royal Quasitores#National Ranger Service|National Ranger Service]] has had broad authority to act in a broad capacity to protect the [[National Reserves of Orun Redisus|national reserves]], which are vast swaths of protected {{wp|rainforest}} where activities such as {{wp|logging}}, {{wp|hunting}} and {{wp|agriculture}} are either heavily regulated or banned entirely. Introduction of invasive species is also heavily regulated and controlled to protect local environments with a few exceptions, such as the wild population of {{wp|Shoebill storks}} that reside in southern [[Orun]] due to accidental introduction in 1965 by the [[Halacanta Zoo Fire]]. | |||
===Other Industries=== | ===Other Industries=== | ||
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The Kingdom of Orun Redisus Orun Redisus | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
 | |
| Capital | Atica |
| Largest city | Oranth |
| Official languages | Lorvish, Reeze |
| Recognised regional languages | Orunil, Various Local Dialects |
| Ethnic groups (2018) | Caluran, Various Indigenous |
| Demonym(s) | Redisan |
| Government | Constitutional Monarchy |
• King of Redisus | Indóre II |
• Great Houses of Orun | House Drean, House Ivorea, House Antacas, House Antias, House Vendil |
| Establishment | |
• Proclomation of Dissent | 1708 |
• Shadow War | 1714 - 1732 |
• War of Oran Succession | 1733 - 1742 |
• Marriage of Raphael and Elmera | 1802 |
• Unification of Orun and Redisus by the Grand Pact | 1803 |
| Area | |
• Total | 520,256 km2 (200,872 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 31,392,201 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $1,353,066,647,502 |
• Per capita | $43,102 |
| Gini | 0.21 low |
| HDI | 0.950 very high |
| Currency | Ored |
| Calling code | 13 |
| Internet TLD | .or |
The Kingdom of Orun Redisus, or Orun Redisus or Redisus for short is a constitutional monarchy located in Northern Oxidentale in Ajax. It is the least populated country on the continent with only 31,392,201 citizens. It is bordered by Sante Reze to the south, The Mutul to the southwest, the Salacian Ocean to the north, and the Kayamuca Sea to the west and covers an area of XXXX square kilometers, making it the smallest nation in Oxidentale by land area. The nation's capital is Atica, its financial center is Orun, and its largest urban area is Ansil.
Orun Redisus was created in 1802 by the unification of the Noble Houses of Orun and the Kingdom of Redisus brought about by the marriage of King Raphael I and Duchess Elmera of House Dreos. Prior to this, both Orun and Redisus suceeded from Sante Reze in 1708 during the civil war between the great houses. Orun on the mainland fell under the rule of the Five Great Houses of Orun while a relative of the last King of Sante Reze took the throne on the island Kingdom of Redisus. Both states were heavily at odds during a period known as the Shadow War. Following that, Redisus supported House Ivorea during the War of Oran Succession. The victory of House Ivorea against House Valdron and the subsequent dissolution of that house cemented favorable relations between the other five houses and the Kingdom of Redisus, resulting in the eventual unification of both states.
Orun Redisus is a regional hub with a specific set of industries developed from its location and history. Oil is extracted and refined from off shore drilling as well as several smaller wells located in Orun. As a result of its industry and geographical location, Orun Redisus has become a hub for financial services for the region. In recent years, it has embarked on several key environmental projects with Sante Reze, such as preservation of fragile Oxidentale ecosystems and movements toward electrification for certain sectors of both nations. With nearly half the nation being made up of islands, Orun Redisus has also developed a thriving marine engineering and shipbuilding industry. Its busiest port, Gnisia located in northern Redisus, sees a signifcant amount of daily shipping traffic.
Geography and Climate
Orun Redisus is located directly north of the equitorial region of Oxidentale and as a result, has a diverse tropical climate. The region of Orun on the mainland contains the northernmost region of the Ucayare Rainforest and a large portion of its southern border with Sante Reze is made up of the Ucayare River. The Ithican Mountains run along the southwest border with The Mutul and have acted as a natural barrier between the two regions. Several tributaries that flow into the Ucayare originate from this region. Orun also borders Lake X, one of the largest lakes in Oxidentale and a major hub for fishing and tourism.
The island of Redisus is of a similar climate and is a High island, created by numerous volcanic eruptions from the ocean floor of the Salacian Ocean many years prior. The rich volcanic soil allowed flora and fauna from the mainland to take root and also allowed the island to develop its own unique species. The most notable landmark on Redisus is Mount Canithica, which is an extinct volcano whose various historical eruptions contributed to the growth of the island historically. It is believed the last time Canthica erupted was six thousand years prior to the current year. Redisus is known for its many rocky hills, smaller mountains and tall ocean cliffs which are all covered by natural rainforest.
Geography
Climate
Biodiversity
Orun Redisus is considered one of the megadiverse nations of Ajax. Because of its location, climate, and topography, Orun Redisus has a vast biodiversity with over 22,492 species of plants, 4,219 of them Template:Endemism. The nation has over 1,900 species of birds (87 endemic), over 500 species of mammals, over 300 species of reptiles, and over 1,000 species of freshwater fishes. The island of Redisus has many unique species that are endemic to just itself. With the passage of the Diversity Protection Act of 1932, vast nature preserves were created inside the mainland region of Orun on the borders of Sante Reze and The Mutul. These wilderness regions serve as enclaves for many of the world's most coloful bird species, such as the Plum-throated cotinga. Large mammals such as Jaguars and bears inhabit the jungle regions.
The oceans around the nation are home to many species such as whales, dolphins, tuna, and sharks. The mountainous cloud slope jungle regions also sustain many types of moss and orchids. The jungles also sustain a staggering variety of flowering trees and plants. The Ucayare National Reserve, which is a part of the Ucayare Rainforest in Orun is also one of the last bastions of megafauna, with the White Tipped Ground Slot and the Northern Ucayare Capybara roaming throughout the region. Populations of the well known predator, the Sword Toothed Cat, are the primary predators of these species and support population control. Known populations of Terror Birds are also present and are believed to have inhabited the region of Orun for many centuries.
History
Caluran Era (2000-710)
The Calurans, descendants of the first Paleo-Indians that settled modern day Orun Redisus, began to form larger communities along the coastal areas Orun as early as 20th century BC. It was during this era that many unique forms of pottery were created and other advances such as unified tribal government emerged. They developed a unique culture along the basin of the Selian River as early as the 18th century BC. These communities eventually expanded into cities as neighboring subsistence tribal communities were absorbed by various cheiftans and a bustling nation had developed by the 14th century. It was referred to as "Calura" by the government and those who lived within its protection.
Comprising of cities along major waterways and along the coast of Orun, Calura had developed significantly by the 10th century with walled cities as well as zigurats becoming common structures for palaces and burials. The earliest documented and likely first Caluran Emperor was Gothren I who ruled sometime in the 10th century and declared the founding of the Caluran Empire. Ancient texts note that he launched out to the island of Redisus as early as the 1080s and established a prescense at the modern day city of Andaluca on the southern coast of the island, where he constructed the city of Andan using the resources of the conquered tribes, which would serve as the Caluran capital of the Caluran Empire for seventy years during the Kayamucan Conquest.
Kayamucan Conquest (790-632)
Caluran influence, while domineering for many centuries, faced various conflicts with a group of tribes southwestern Orun that would later become known as the Kayamuca. As the 8th century drew to a close, Caluran influence began to wane on Orun as raids from the southwest increased. By 790, Caluran military forces were losing control of roadways and outposts on the Orun frontier. This lead to the first of the Frontier Wars, which raged from 790 - 700. This period of instability also caused a successive list of emperors to sit on the Caluran throne, all for a relatively short period of time. Rampant corruption and decadence throughout the empire created a ripe atmosphere for the weakening of the old order.
Government
Orun Redisus is a Constitutional monarchy, consisting of an executive function, the King, and a legislative function, the Central Assembly. Both branches were established by the Unified Constitution of Orun Resdisus, which was ratified in 1803 during the Assembly of the Four Dawns. The Five Great Houses of Orun serve as the Upper Chamber and advise the Lower Chamber and also serve as advisors for the King. These are lifetime appointed positions held by the head of each family. The Lower Chamber is comprised of seventy-two elected officials from twenty-four electorate districts. Each district is limted to three elected representatives, regardless of population, and elections are held every two years.
In the system, the King maintains a level of executive power. The King directs the Unified Military of Orun Redisus during times of conflict as a primary role. He also provides direction and oversight to the various Royal Directorates through the official appointment of their heads, the directors. He can also issue missives, which are declarations by the executive. Like every other aspect of the nation, however, the King is limited by the laws passed by the Assembly and cannot directly issue orders in conflict with laws passed by the assembly. He can issue a Writ of Protest that can temporarily halt a new law from being implemented and force the assembly to vote on it again. In contrast to most nations, the monarchy of Orun Redisus is an Elective monarchy. A new king is elected upon the death of the previous king and can only be elected by the Five Great Houses of Orun. Eligible candidates can also only be brought forward from members of the Five Great Houses, though a king may designate a successor ad mortem, which automatically places the designated as a candidate in the election.
The Central Assembly comprises of an upper and lower house. Though the Upper Assembly is consitutionally part of the Assemnly, no legislative powers are technically vested with them. Like the king, they can issue an offical protest against a law being passed through the lower assembly but cannot force a second vote like an official Writ of Protest from the King. A protest from the Upper Chamber can only force one recount of the votes on any bill, which is usually just a procedural hurdle that can be easily overcome. The entire legislative power of the Assembly is vested in the Lower Chamber. There are twenty-four electorates, which each are alotted three seats. That has resulted in a permanent number of seventy-two elected officials sitting in the Lower Chamber. Officials are elected every two years with a term limit of three terms, or six years.
The last arm of the government is the Justice Assembly, which is the judicial arm of the government. The JA is responsible for interpretation of the constitution of the nation and to handle disputes in matters of law interpretation. It is comprised of sixteen appointed judges, who are appointed by the King and serve until death. The Justice Assembly also oversees all of cthe courts in the land and is responsible for appointing Royal Justices who serve in courts at the national level. Cases heard by the Assembly are heard and discussed by the Justices, who interpret them accordingly and issue a ruling that is considered binding.
Law
Military
Foreign Relations
Economy
The economy or Orun Redisus is the Xth largest in the world (ranked by nominal GDP) and a has a higher income level. The Redisan economy has experienced growth in key service sector area such as renewable energy, financial services and high tech manufacturing. Sectors such as manufacturing have seen a decline in recent years as more manufacturing jobs become outsourced. With the shift towards renewable energy across Oxidentale, many local industries have shifted towards supporting electrification of major industries. The adoption of electric vehicles across many industries as well as the Redisan Solar Initiative to create viable solar power and more efficient battery technology has resulted in the emergence of a strong high tech industry as well as a push towards exploring greater implementation of nuclear power. Research into artificial intelligence has also created a thriving computer sector.
Though most manufacturing has been outsourced, Oran Redisus still retains some limited heavy industry in its vehicle manufacturing and shipbuilding sectors. With the main economic centers located on the island of Redisus, defense and management of shipping lanes has always been a key issue for Orun Redisus. This has been one of the few industries that the government has actively sought to maintain in order to support national defense and continued trade of key goods with other countries through container ships. The nation also produces automobiles with two national competing automotive brands, Pantra A.E and Aldmerta Automotive. Both of these companies also design military technology though manufacturing of smaller components is mostly done overseas and imported with only two assembly plants remaining.
Historically, the both the mainland of Orun and the island of Redisus have grown crops such as Cocoa, coffee, and citrus. Agriculture is still practiced in many parts of the nation with many small family farms producing these crops. These are mostly sold and consumed locally but are exported to other nations to some extent. Though dwarfed by the cocoa production in its neighbor The Mutul, chocolate is still grown and exported in much smaller quantities, mostly in Orun on the mainland. Many local importers have made a profit purchasing products from the The Mutul and selling them for a profit to nations that participate in the embargo of that nation.
Business and Finance
Orun Redisus is known for offering a strong enabling environment: stable political and macroeconomic conditions, a future-oriented Government, and good general infrastructure and ICT infrastructure for businesses. Since the early 1970s, significant improvements to its reglatory environment have steadily improved the nation's business climate. This has resulted in a large presence of international businesses and corporations that take advantage of its strategic location as well as its stable regulatory system, especially from neighboring nations in Oxidentale and Norumbia. The city of Iquitan on the eastern coast of Redisus has a particularly large number of banks and other financial institutions that were attracted to the city by the presence of the Iquitan Stock Exchange (ISEX), who lists entities from across Ajax.
Redisan workers were not allowed the right to collective bargaining until 1975 when legislation was passed outlining considerably increased labor protections in the wake of rising underage workers in rural areas. Unions are allowed right to strike, though they must be registered with the Directorate of Labor. Unions and corporations are both required by law to enter into judicial mediated negotiation if either side of a dispute calls for it, which has resulted in favorable outcomes in many large scale labor disputes. Strengthening of anti discrimination laws also contributes to a lower unemployment.
OR's monetary policy stresses longterm stability and predictability and the Unified Treasury is careful to move interests rates according similarly with the trends of major economic powers and seeks to actively limit inflation where possible. The Redisan economy's reliance on finance and shipping has resulted in a consistent move to remain stable and strong in order to attract commerce and industry from around the world. OR also has an attractive tax system, making it a destination for tax avoidance. With a very low corporate tax rate and a simplified tax system, significant amounts of tax free foreign money is hidden in Redisan banks.
Infrastructure
Orun Redisus has been progressively adopting a national green infrastructure policy with significant funding alloted to green energy projects, such as Building-integrated photovoltaics. In 2014, the Central Assembly allotted 150 million Oreds to subsidize the adoption of integrated solar energy into private buildings and introduced subsidies and tax credits for the integration of photovoltaic technology into any new structure built from January of 2017. All government owned facilities were fully upgraded with integrated photovoltaic technology as of 2020. This has resulted in a sharp increase in solar energy production within cities. Several major cities are also known for significant reliance on green infrastructure, where technologies such as low-impact development, green roofs, constructed wetlands, and urban forests have been implemented to significantly reduce the environmental impact of cities. The central government stepped in and began as early as 2015 providing significant funding towards the implementation of green infrastructure projects across the nation. Major population centers on Redisus were the first to rapidly adopt such infrastructure projects under the terms of the National Green Infrastructure Program of 2015. More remote and less well off communities on the mainland of Orun have been much slower to perform updates, with some remote jungle communities that have not been prioritized calling on the government to provide significantly more aid to upgrade aging infrastructure.
Though efforts have been made to address this issue, there is still disparities between the region of Orun and the island of Redisus. Many remote Orun communities have received little attention from the central government, which has concentrated most of its budget primarily on the island of Redisus and on the three major Oruni cities of XX, XX, and XX near the northern coast. Costs to maintain aging infrastructure, most of which has not been updated since the early 1980s, has increased steadily every year. As of 2021, the Directorate of Internal Affairs announced that the infrastructure budget for 2022 would be increased to begin addressing aging facilities in remote communities.
The capital of Atica is also known for its famous airport, Paradise International Airport, which is known for the Paradise Garden, which houses a massive indoor terrarium entirely comprised of flora from Orun Redisus. The facility was constructed in 2018 during a planned update to the airport, which had not been updated since 1996.
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Science and Technology
Environmental Technology
Agricultural
Conservation
Conservation is a significant part of the Redisan economy since the Diversity Protection Act of 1932 was introduced into law. The government has followed a strict pettern of tightening environmental protections and slowly decreading reliance on fossil fuels since the 1980s and increased reliance on clean energy sources such as electricity, hydrogen, wind power, and solar power. All government light duty vehicles were transitioned to full electric in 2014. All cities running public transit, such as busses, subways, and trams, were required to transition fully to electric by 2015. Electric vehicles are widely available in Orun Redisus due to the passage of the Electrification Initiative of 2005 which allotted significant funding and resources to the development of electric transportation methods.
Since 1975 and the passage of the Diversity Protection Act, the National Ranger Service has had broad authority to act in a broad capacity to protect the national reserves, which are vast swaths of protected rainforest where activities such as logging, hunting and agriculture are either heavily regulated or banned entirely. Introduction of invasive species is also heavily regulated and controlled to protect local environments with a few exceptions, such as the wild population of Shoebill storks that reside in southern Orun due to accidental introduction in 1965 by the Halacanta Zoo Fire.