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| name = Senate
| name = Senate
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* Сенат
* Senat
* Senatus}}
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The '''Senate''' ({{wp|Bulgarian language|Tengarian}}: '''''Сенат''''' or '''''Senat''''', {{wp|Latin|Solarian}}: '''''Senatus'''''), more commonly known as the '''Senate of Tengaria''' or the '''Tengarian Senate''' ({{wp|Bulgarian language|Tengarian}}: '''''Сенат на Тенгария''''' or '''''Senat na Tengariya'''''), is the {{wp|bicameralism|bicameral}} {{wp|legislature}} of [[Tengaria]]. It is comprised of two houses, the State Council, appointed by the [[President of Tengaria|President]] for life-terms, and the popularly elected Chamber of Deputies.
The '''Senate''' ([[Tengarian language|Tengarian]]: '''''Senat''''', {{wp|Latin|Solarian}}: '''''Senatus'''''), called by foreign sources as '''Senate of Tengaria''' or the '''Tengarian Senate''', is the {{wp|bicameralism|bicameral}} {{wp|legislature}} of [[Tengaria]]. It is comprised of two houses, the State Council, appointed by the [[President of Tengaria|President]] for life-terms, and the popularly elected Chamber of Deputies.


The Senate claims descent from the {{wp|Roman Senate|Solarian Senate}}, which was preserved in various forms through the [[Empire of Arciluco]], although over time its authority greatly declined and served. After the translation of the Imperial Power to Tengaria in the formulation of the [[Empire of Tengaria]], the Imperial institution of the Senate was carried over to the Empire. For most of the Empire's history, it served largely a ceremonial and advisory role to the monarchs, until the [[Green Revolution]] of 1868 forced the monarchy to adopt certain democratic elements into its governance. The Senate was formally established as the Empire's legislature in 1868, for the first time formally adopting the division in houses and becoming a set institution. It further changed during the establishment of the [[Tengarian Republic]], and was greatly involved in the poltical crisis of the 1940s and 50s. After the [[Tengarian Civil War]], the Senate was again reformed by [[Simeon Kovachev]] into the current institution.
The Senate claims descent from the {{wp|Roman Senate|Solarian Senate}}, which was preserved through the [[Empire of Arciluco]], serving as an body which advised the Emperor but also served to elect the Emperor. After the translation of the Imperial Power to Tengaria in the formulation of the [[Empire of Tengaria]], the Imperial institution of the Senate was carried over to the Empire, called the '''Senat Vecle''' ("Old Senate"). For most of the Empire's history, it served largely a ceremonial and advisory role to the Emperors, although it retained its important function of being the integral part of the "Aduna Mara", which oversaw the election of the New Emperor. Following the [[Green Revolution]] of 1868 saw a reformation of the institution into the '''Senat Nove''' ("New Senate"). The Senate was formally established as the Empire's legislature and was divided into two houses and established a fixed schedule. It further changed during the establishment of the [[Tengarian Republic]], and was greatly involved in the poltical crisis of the 1940s and 50s. After the [[Tengarian Civil War]], the Senate was again reformed by [[Simeon Kovachev]] into the current institution.


The Senate is notable for being an explicitly {{wp|non-partisan democracy|non-partisan}} legislature, and differs from many other national legislatures in that {{wp|Political party|political parties}} are formally banned, with the notable exception of organisations such as the [[Patriotic Union (Tengaria)|Patriotic Union]], which itself does not claim to the be a political party. Despite the Patriotic Union and a few other political movements having its members in the legislature, as there are no parties there is no official {{wp|majority government}} nor official establishment of a working majority. The building which the Senate meets in, the '''Palace of the Senate''', is one of Tengaria's most famous structures, and is a prominent landmark in the capital city of [[Lenovo]].
The Senate is notable for being an explicitly {{wp|non-partisan democracy|non-partisan}} legislature, and differs from many other national legislatures in that {{wp|Political party|political parties}} are formally banned, with the notable exception of organisations such as the [[Patriotic Union (Tengaria)|Patriotic Union]], which itself does not claim to the be a political party. Despite the Patriotic Union and a few other political movements having its members in the legislature, as there are no parties there is no official {{wp|majority government}} nor official establishment of a working majority. The building which the Senate meets in, the '''Palat Senati''' ("Palace of the Senate"), is one of Tengaria's most famous structures, and is a prominent landmark in the capital city of [[Lenovo]].


==History==
==History==
Line 151: Line 151:


===Kovachev Regime===
===Kovachev Regime===
==Old Senate==


==State Council==
==State Council==
Line 167: Line 169:


==Current Status==
==Current Status==
{| class="wikitable centre" style=text-align:right
|+Tengarian Chamber of Deputies Election Results
|-
| colspan=12|[[File:Tengaria_Assembly.svg|center|300px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 scope=col |Political Group
! colspan=3 scope=col |2012
! colspan=3 scope=col |2018
! colspan=2 scope=col |Change
|-
!scope=col |Votes
!scope=col |%
!scope=col |Seats
!scope=col |Votes
!scope=col |%
!scope=col |Seats
!scope=col |Seats
!scope=col |±
|-
| style="background:#FFD700;"|
| align=left| [[Patriotic Union (Tengaria)|Patriotic Union]]
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 66.31
| 321
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 70.76
| '''330'''
| '''9'''
| {{increase}}
|-
| style="background:#A1FDFF;"|
| align=left| Democrats
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 9.92
| 22
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 6.31
| '''12'''
| '''10'''
| {{decrease}}
|-
| style="background:#97222D;"|
| align=left| Social Reform
| {{formatnum:XXXXX}}
| 6.21
| 9
| {{formatnum:XXXXX}}
| 3.19
| '''5'''
| '''4'''
| {{decrease}}
|-
| style="background:#BFBFBF;"|
| align=left|Independents
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 17.56
| 26
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 19.74
| '''33'''
| '''7'''
| {{increase}}
|-
| colspan="10" |
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| '''Total'''
| '''{{formatnum:XXXXXX}}'''
| '''100.00'''
| '''380'''
| '''{{formatnum:XXXXXX}}'''
| '''100.00'''
| '''380'''
| '''0'''
| {{steady}}
|-
| colspan="10" |
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Valid votes
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 98.97
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" style="background:#f4f4f4;"|
|{{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 98.97
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" style="background:#f4f4f4;"|
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Blank/invalid votes
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 1.03
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| XX.XX
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="2"| Registered voters / Turnout
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| 69.73
| {{formatnum:XXXXXX}}
| XX.XX
|- class="sortbottom"
|}


==Historical Composition of the State Council==
==Historical Composition of the State Council==
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|}
|}
|}
|}
 
{{*}}'''1935-1940:''' [[Tengarian People's Party|TNP]]-[[Progressive Party (Tengaria)|PP]]-[[Tengarian Nationalist and Revivalist Party|TNVP]] Majority (30)
<br>{{*}}'''1940-1945:''' [[All-Solarian Union|VS]]-[[Episemialist Democratic Party (Tengaria|EDP]]-[[Armonian-Calian Alliance (Tengaria)|AKA]]-[[Tengarian Nationalist and Revivalist Party|TNVP]] Majority (31)
<br>{{*}}'''1945-1950:''' [[All-Solarian Union|VS]]-[[Episemialist Democratic Party (Tengaria|EDP]]-[[Armonian-Calian Alliance (Tengaria)|AKA]] Majority (32)
<br>{{*}}'''1950-1955:''' [[All-Solarian Union|VS]]-[[Episemialist Democratic Party (Tengaria|EDP]] Majority (31)
<br>{{*}}'''1955-1958:''' [[All-Solarian Union|VS]]-[[Episemialist Democratic Party (Tengaria|EDP]] Majority (35)
==Historical Composition of the Chamber of Deputies==
==Historical Composition of the Chamber of Deputies==


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|}
|}
|}
|}
VI-125
{{*}}'''I-V (1868-1898)''' No majority
VII-133
<br>{{*}}'''VI (1898-1904):''' 125 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (66)
VII-133
<br>{{*}}'''VII (1904-1910):''' 133 seats, No majority
IX-141
<br>{{*}}'''VIII (1910-1916):''' 133 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (69)
X-149
<br>{{*}}'''IX (1916-1922):''' 141 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (72)
XI-149
<br>{{*}}'''X (1922-1928):''' 149 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (78)
XII-62
<br>{{*}}'''XI (1928-1930):'''149 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (84)
<br>{{*}}'''XI (1930-1935):'''62 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]] Majority (41)
 
===Tengarian Republic===
===Tengarian Republic===
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;"
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XIII-300 XIV-300, XV-350, XVI-350, XVII-375
{{*}}'''XIII (1935-1940):''' 300 seats, [[Tengarian People's Party|TNP]]-[[Progressive Party (Tengaria)|PP]]-[[Tengarian Nationalist and Revivalist Party|TNVP]]-[[Republican Party (Tengaria)|RP]] Majority (153)
<br>{{*}}'''XIV (1940-1945):''' 300 seats, [[Progressive Party (Tengaria)|PP]]-[[Tengarian People's Party|TNP]]-[[Republican Party (Tengaria)|RP]]-[[Social Democratic Party (Tengaria)|SP]] Majority (150)
<br>{{*}}'''XV (1945-1950):''' 350 seats, [[Progressive Party (Tengaria)|PP]]-[[Social Democratic Party (Tengaria)|SP]]-[[Tengarian Section of the Worker's Internationale|TSMR]]-[[Republican Party (Tengaria)|RP]]-[[Farmer and Worker Union (Tengaria)|ZRS]] Majority (176)
<br>{{*}}'''XVI (1950-1955):''' 350 seats, [[Tengarian Section of the Worker's Internationale|TSMR]]-[[Progressive Party (Tengaria)|PP]]-[[Republican Party (Tengaria)|RP]]-[[Social Democratic Party (Tengaria)|SP]]-[[Farmer and Worker Union (Tengaria)|ZRS]] Majority (177)
<br>{{*}}'''XVII (1955-1957):''' 375 seats, [[All-Solarian Union|VS]]-[[Episemialist Democratic Party (Tengaria|EDP]] Majority (188)
===Kovachev Era===
===Kovachev Era===
Under the 1958 Constitution, all political parties are outlawed and the legislature is explicity non-partisan; however, what is represented here are the unofficial political groups in the Chamber of Deputies. The Patriotic Union is not legally considered as a political party.


{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;"
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" style="border:solid #000000 1px;font-size:95%;"
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{| width="100%" style="font-size:90%;"
{| width="100%" style="font-size:90%;"
| width="70" |
| width="70" |
|{{legend|#97222D|[[Social Reform Front (Tengaria)|Social Reform Front]]}}
|{{legend|#97222D|Social Reform}}
|{{legend|#A1FDFF|[[Democratic Front (Tengaria)|Democratic Front]]}}
|{{legend|#A1FDFF|Democrats}}
|{{legend|#FFD700|[[Patriotic Union (Tengaria)|Patriotic Union]]}}
|{{legend|#FFD700|[[Patriotic Union (Tengaria)|Patriotic Union]]}}
|{{legend|#808080|Independent}}
|{{legend|#808080|Independent}}
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| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:  10%"|  38
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  50%"|  100
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| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:   5.79%"|  22
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  50%"|  100
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{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
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| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:   4.74%"|  18
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  50%"|  100
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{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:  50%"|  100
| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:  3.95%"|  15
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  50%"|  100
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{| style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; color:white;"
| style="background-color: #808080;                                width: 50%"|  100
| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:   3.69%"|  14
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  50%"|  100
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| style="background-color: #808080;                                width: 33%"|  100
| style="background-color: #808080;                                width:   4.74%"|  18
| style="background-color: #FFD700;                                width:  34%"|  100
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Latest revision as of 01:23, 29 January 2024

Senate

  • Senat
  • Senatus
TengariaSenate.png
Type
Type
HousesState Council
Chamber of Deputies
History
FoundedNovember 14, 1868 (1868-11-14)
Structure
Seats475 Senators
95 Councilors
380 Deputies
StateCouncilTengaria.svg
State Council political groups
Officially non-partisan
Unofficial Groups:
  •   Independent (54)
  •   Patriotic Union (32)
  •   Clergy (9)
ChamberofDeputiesTengaria.svg
Chamber of Deputies political groups
Officially non-partisan
Unofficial Groups:
Length of term
Lifetime (State Council)
6 Years (Deputies)
Elections
State Council voting system
Appointed
Chamber of Deputies voting system
First-past-the-post voting
Last election
August 16, 2018
Next election
August 16, 2024
Meeting place
Budapest Parlament1.jpg
Palace of the Senate, Lenovo

The Senate (Tengarian: Senat, Solarian: Senatus), called by foreign sources as Senate of Tengaria or the Tengarian Senate, is the bicameral legislature of Tengaria. It is comprised of two houses, the State Council, appointed by the President for life-terms, and the popularly elected Chamber of Deputies.

The Senate claims descent from the Solarian Senate, which was preserved through the Empire of Arciluco, serving as an body which advised the Emperor but also served to elect the Emperor. After the translation of the Imperial Power to Tengaria in the formulation of the Empire of Tengaria, the Imperial institution of the Senate was carried over to the Empire, called the Senat Vecle ("Old Senate"). For most of the Empire's history, it served largely a ceremonial and advisory role to the Emperors, although it retained its important function of being the integral part of the "Aduna Mara", which oversaw the election of the New Emperor. Following the Green Revolution of 1868 saw a reformation of the institution into the Senat Nove ("New Senate"). The Senate was formally established as the Empire's legislature and was divided into two houses and established a fixed schedule. It further changed during the establishment of the Tengarian Republic, and was greatly involved in the poltical crisis of the 1940s and 50s. After the Tengarian Civil War, the Senate was again reformed by Simeon Kovachev into the current institution.

The Senate is notable for being an explicitly non-partisan legislature, and differs from many other national legislatures in that political parties are formally banned, with the notable exception of organisations such as the Patriotic Union, which itself does not claim to the be a political party. Despite the Patriotic Union and a few other political movements having its members in the legislature, as there are no parties there is no official majority government nor official establishment of a working majority. The building which the Senate meets in, the Palat Senati ("Palace of the Senate"), is one of Tengaria's most famous structures, and is a prominent landmark in the capital city of Lenovo.

History

Historical Antecedents

Early Empire

Green Revolution and Formal Establishment

Tengarian Republic

Kovachev Regime

Old Senate

State Council

Powers and Role

Membership

Chamber of Deputies

Powers and Role

Membership

Palace of the Senate

Current Status

Tengarian Chamber of Deputies Election Results
Tengaria Assembly.svg
Political Group 2012 2018 Change
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Seats ±
Patriotic Union XXXXXX 66.31 321 XXXXXX 70.76 330 9 Increase
Democrats XXXXXX 9.92 22 XXXXXX 6.31 12 10 Decrease
Social Reform XXXXX 6.21 9 XXXXX 3.19 5 4 Decrease
Independents XXXXXX 17.56 26 XXXXXX 19.74 33 7 Increase
Total XXXXXX 100.00 380 XXXXXX 100.00 380 0 Steady
Valid votes XXXXXX 98.97 XXXXXX 98.97
Blank/invalid votes XXXXXX 1.03 XXXXXX XX.XX
Registered voters / Turnout XXXXXX 69.73 XXXXXX XX.XX


Historical Composition of the State Council

Since both the State Council under the Empire and the Kovachev era was unelected and appointments were for life, the political status of the Senate changed very gradually and unsystematically. Under both, the majority of Councilors were regarded as independents. Under the Republic, the State Council became 60 members elected from the regions equally, and had an electoral cycle coinciding with the Chamber of Deputies. Below listed are the State Councils as they were during inaugural session; vacancies and replacements are not listed.

  TSMR
  ZRS
  NF
  SP
  RP
  PP
  ZS
  TNP
  AKA
  EDP
  TNVP
  VS
  Independent
1935–1940
1 3 7 20 8 3 18
1940–1945
1 2 2 1 16 1 6 6 7 1 17
1945–1950
4 3 4 2 10 1 4 7 6 19
1950–1955
8 4 5 5 6 1 6 25
1955–1958
25 8 27

 • 1935-1940: TNP-PP-TNVP Majority (30)
 • 1940-1945: VS-EDP-AKA-TNVP Majority (31)
 • 1945-1950: VS-EDP-AKA Majority (32)
 • 1950-1955: VS-EDP Majority (31)
 • 1955-1958: VS-EDP Majority (35)

Historical Composition of the Chamber of Deputies

Unlike the State Council, the Chamber of Deputies has for its entire history been elected regularly, and thus the composition can be shown. Below listed are the Chamber of Deputies as they were during inaugural session; vacancies and replacements are not listed.

Imperial Era

  SLP
  PP
  TNVP
  KP
  VS
  Independent
1868-1874
100
1874-1880
107
1880-1886
113
1886-1892
115
1892-1898
121
1898-1904
35 24 66
1904-1910
4 12 45 9 63
1910-1916
9 21 26 8 69
1916-1922
11 30 24 4 72
1922-1928
10 22 12 25 2 78
1928-1930
6 17 15 25 2 84
1930-1935
1 2 1 7 11 41

 • I-V (1868-1898) No majority
 • VI (1898-1904): 125 seats, VS Majority (66)
 • VII (1904-1910): 133 seats, No majority
 • VIII (1910-1916): 133 seats, VS Majority (69)
 • IX (1916-1922): 141 seats, VS Majority (72)
 • X (1922-1928): 149 seats, VS Majority (78)
 • XI (1928-1930):149 seats, VS Majority (84)
 • XI (1930-1935):62 seats, VS Majority (41)

Tengarian Republic

  TSMR
  ZRS
  NF
  SP
  RP
  PP
  ZS
  TNP
  AKA
  EDP
  TNVP
  VS
  FNS
  Independent
1935–1940
3 16 18 13 44 3 75 23 21 84
1940–1945
10 18 21 18 67 5 1 44 3 24 13 73 3
1945–1950
31 22 31 27 65 7 30 8 37 10 81 1
1950–1955
58 24 27 31 37 4 4 22 41 7 95
1955–1958
4 171 2 2 4 49 4 139

 • XIII (1935-1940): 300 seats, TNP-PP-TNVP-RP Majority (153)
 • XIV (1940-1945): 300 seats, PP-TNP-RP-SP Majority (150)
 • XV (1945-1950): 350 seats, PP-SP-TSMR-RP-ZRS Majority (176)
 • XVI (1950-1955): 350 seats, TSMR-PP-RP-SP-ZRS Majority (177)
 • XVII (1955-1957): 375 seats, VS-EDP Majority (188)

Kovachev Era

Under the 1958 Constitution, all political parties are outlawed and the legislature is explicity non-partisan; however, what is represented here are the unofficial political groups in the Chamber of Deputies. The Patriotic Union is not legally considered as a political party.

  Social Reform
  Democrats
  Independent
1958-1964
38 342
1964-1970
22 358
1970-1976
18 362
1976-1982
15 365
1982-1988
14 366
1988-1994
14 18 348
1994-2000
21 26 333
2000-2006
5 18 21 335
2006-2012
9 21 24 326
2012-2018
9 22 28 321