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{{Infobox organization
{{Infobox country
| name                = Bank of Bahia<br>''Banque de Baïe''
|conventional_long_name = Most Serene Wisentlander Republic
| logo                =  
|native_name =        ''<small>Durchlauchtigste Republik Wisentlandische</small>''
| motto              =  
|common_name =        Wisentland
| image              = HQAFDBAbidjanPlateauMars2016.JPG
|image_flag =        WisentlandFlag.jpeg
| caption            = Headquarters in Edudzi Agyeman City
|alt_flag =          Flag of Wisentland
| formation          = {{start date and age|1988|5|12|df=yes}}
|image_coat =       
| extinction          =  
|alt_coat =          Coat of arms of Wisentland
| type                = {{wp|International financial institution}}
|symbol_type =        Coat of arms
| abbreviation        = BdB
|national_motto =    ''Freeiheid of Dood!''<br/><small>"Freedom or death!"</small>
| status              = Treaty
|national_anthem =    ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jbm0ZtEMspA Die Glocken stürmten vom Bernwardsturm]'' <br/>"<small>The bells stormed from the Bernward Tower"</small>
| purpose            = Regional development<br>Providing financial bailouts to Bahian states with {{wp|balance of payments}} difficulties
|image_map =        
| headquarters       = [[Edudzi Agyeman City]], [[Asase Lewa]]<br>[[Kwamuimepe]], [[Kitaubani]]
|map_caption =       
| region_served       = [[Bahia]]
|capital =           Sniddjenbörg
| membership          = {{flag|Asase Lewa}}<br>{{flag|Kitaubani}}<br>Insert yourselves
|coordinates =  
| language            = {{wp|French language|Gaullican}}
|largest_city =       capital
| main_organ          = * Board of Governors
|official_languages = {{hlist|{{wp|Low German|Wisentlander}}|{{wp|German language|Ruthish}}}}
| affiliations        =  
|languages_type =   
| num_staff          =  
|languages =         
| num_volunteers      =  
|ethnic_groups = 85.7% {{wp|420 (cannabis culture)|Wisentlanders}}<br>7.3% [[Adanal|Adanalis]]<br>3.2% {{wp|Germans|Ruthenic}}<br>3.8% other
| budget              =  
|ethnic_groups_year = 2020
| website            = {{URL|nationstates.net|bdb.org}}
|religion = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:
| remarks            =  
|{{Tree list}}
| key_people         =  
*75.2% {{wp|Christianity|Gregorianism}}
**67.9% {{wp|Schwarzenau Brethren|Kerkchoffite Church}}
**7.3% Other Gregorian
{{Tree list/end}}
|13.8% {{wp|Irreligion|Irreligious}}
|3.7% [[Himaya]]
|7.3% Other
}}
|demonym =           Wisentlander
|government_type =   {{wp|Federalism|Federal}} {{wp|directorial republic}} and {{wp|direct democracy}} with elements of {{wp|sortition}}
|leader_title1 =     {{wp|Head of state}} and<br />{{wp|Head of government}}
|leader_name1 =      {{wp|Swiss Federal Council|Wahlraad}}  
|legislature =       {{wp|Landsgemeinde|Friversammeln}}<br>{{wp|Boule (ancient Greece)|Börgerraad}} <small>(between Friversammeln sessions)</small>
|sovereignty_type =  Establishment
|established_event1 = Recognition of the {{wp|Frisian freedom|Wisentlander liberty}}
|established_date1 =  Circa 1050
|established_event2 = [[Foundation of the Most Serene Wisentlander Republic|Humble Freemen's Pact of 1362]]
|established_date2 =  1362
|established_event3 = Ruthenic occupation
|established_date3 =  1783
|established_event4 = Independence from [[Ruthen]]
|established_date4 =  1864
|established_event5 = [[Transmedan War|Sydenham]] occupation
|established_date5 =  27 December 1934
|established_event6 = Liberation from Sydenham occupation
|established_date6 =  11 March 1940
|area =              <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)-->
|area_km2 =         
|area_label2            = Land area
|area_data2            =
|percent_water =        
|population_estimate = {{increase}} 7,420,069
|population_estimate_year = 2024
|population_density_km2 =  
|GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $450.450 billion         
|GDP_PPP_year = 2024     
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $60,707
|GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $380.583 billion       
|GDP_nominal_year = 2024 
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $51,291
|Gini = 22.1             
|Gini_change = stable     
|Gini_year = 2024       
|HDI = 0.932             
|HDI_year = 2024         
|HDI_change = increase       
|currency =           Wisentlander guilder
|currency_code =    
|time_zone = {{wp|UTC}}+1 ([[East Calesian Time]], ECT) 
|date_format =       dd-mm-yyyy
|drives_on =         left
|cctld =              .ws
|iso3166code =        WS
|calling_code =     
|footnote_a =        
}}
}}


The '''Bank of Bahia''' ({{wp|French language|Gaullican}}: ''Banque de Baïe'' is an {{wp|international finance institution|international finance}} and {{wp|development finance institution}} headquartered in [[Edudzi Agyeman City]], [[Asase Lewa]] and [[Kwamuimepe]], [[Kitaubani]]. The Bank was established by the governments of Asase Lewa and Kitaubani in order to provide development financing and {{wp|debt relief}} for [[Bahia|Bahian]] states. Founded with an {{wp|authorised capital}} of $10 billion in 1988, the BdB was primarily created in order to provide Bahian states with an alternative to the [[Global Institute for Financial Affairs]], which provided extensive debt relief with the stipulation of adopting {{wp|structural adjustment|Economic Restructuring Programs}} programs. Since its inception, however, the BdB has gradually expanded to provide funds for {{wp|infrastructure}} and {{wp|economic development}}. The BdB has also become closely associated with the [[Bank for United Development]] of the [[International Forum for Developing States]], established at a similar period as the BdB, though also seeking to provide an alternative to the GIFA among Bahian states geopolitically unaligned with the BDU's key backers, [[Shangea]] and [[Zorasan]].
'''Wisentland''', officially the '''Most Serene Wisentlander Republic''' ({{wp|German language|Ruthish}}: ''Durchlauchtigste Republik Wisentlandische'') is a {{wp|sovereign state}} located in [[Central Calesia]]. Bordered by [[Olcabria]] to its south, C8 to its east, C7 to its west, and C23 to its north, Wisentland is almost entirely located within the {{wp|Alps|X Mountains}}; however, Wisentland is geographically divided between a more mountainous and rugged hinterland, comprising the majority of its landmass, and the Zigland Valley, a relatively low-lying area located along the Zigland River which hosts the majority of the country's population, including the {{wp|primate city}} of Sniddjenbörg, where approximately one-third of Wisentland's population of 7 million reside.
 
Though the area the BdB seeks to cover is coterminous with that of the [[Congress of Bahian States]], the BdB is unaffiliated with the CBS. Though its internal structure differes from that of the GIFA—in that voting power does not entirely correspond to shareholders—the BdB also lacks the CBS's one-member, one-vote structure, additional votes allotted to the BdB's founding states of Asase Lewa and Kitaubani and to creditor states. An influential organization in furthering economic development on the Bahian subcontinent, the BdB is a controversial organization in the region, with supporters lauding the Bank as a powerful opponent of [[Euclea|Euclean]] {{wp|neocolonialism}} and proponent of {{wp|anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist}} {{wp|South-South cooperation}} and critics arguing that the BdB's member states of Asase Lewa and Kitaubani have mantained a {{wp|paternalism|paternalistic}} towards other Bahian states and favored those states' economic interests at the expense of other Bahian states.
 
==History==
 
[[File:Kenneth_David_Kaunda.jpg|250px|left|[[Kayode Temidare]], the General Secretary of the [[Asalewan Section of the Workers' International]], played an instrumental role in pursuing a less interventionist and more realist foreign policy, helping enable Asase Lewa's rapprochement with Kitaubani and the formation of the Bank of Bahia.]]
 
During the 1980s, the {{wp|foreign policies}} of two of Bahia's wealthiest states—Asase Lewa and Kitaubani, whose relationship had been highly adversarial in the initial decades after independence—moderated significantly. With the collapse of the [[Mabifian Democratic Republic]] in 1979, a decline in most {{wp|Council communism|Councilist}} {{wp|guerrilla warfare|guerilla}} movements that Asase Lewa traditionally suported, and the [[Psychological-Technological Revolution]] of 1981, Asalewan foreign policy became significantly less {{wp|interventionism|interventionist}} and {{wp|realism|realist}}, willing to forge geopolitical alliances with ideological adversaries for economic reasons. A similar political shift occurred in Kitaubani, where the end of the {{wp|Dirty War}} and liberalization of the country's {{wp|constitutional monarchy}} enabled the ascension of {{wp|social democracy|social-democratic}} and {{wp|left-wing populism|left-wing populist}} elements to political power that pursued a far less adversial relationship with Asase Lewa and far less cordial relationship with [[Estmere]], Kitaubani's primary ally after independence. The result of these shifts in Asalewan and Kitauban foreign policy was an inaguration of widespread {{wp|détente}} and strategic cooperation on mutual interests by the mid-1980s.
 
Simultaneous to this growing détente in Asalewan-Kitauban relations. following the [[Recession of 1980]], numerous {{wp|developing countries}}, including the states of [[Bahia]], suffered from an escalating {{wp|third world debt|debt crisis}}, forcing numerous states to pursue {{wp|debt relief}}. In previous generations many left-wing {{wp|Global South}} states, including in Bahia, secured substantial financial assistance through the [[Aliance of Emerging Socialist Economies]]; however, the collapse of the AESE, and substantial crisis within one of its main {{wp|Global North}} sponsors, [[Valduvia]], severely reduced Global South states' outlets for debt relief outside the [[Global Institute for Fiscal Affairs]], which only granted debt relief in response to {{wp|structural adjustment|Economic Restructuring Programs}}, entailing, among other things, the mass {{wp|privatization}} of state assets, layoff of {{wp|public sector}} employees, and substantial {{wp|austerity}} measures.
 
In this environment, a number of Global South states and activists sought to establish alternative financial institutions to the GIFA. Globally, this most prominently entailed Shangea and Zorasan's establishment for the International Forum for Developing States and its associated Bank for Unified Development in 1985. During the 1980s, however, the success and substantial growth of the IFDS and BDU that would occur in later decades was not necessarily guaranteed, nor was the BDU's involvement in member states traditionally unaligned to Shangea and Zorasan. Though Asase Lewa and Kitaubani experienced substantial economic and political crisis, like their Bahian neighbors, this crisis was far less profound than in other Bahian states, such as [[Tiwura]]; then as new, both states were comparatively wealthy and by the late 1980s began to witness a long-term period, continuing to this day, of {{wp|economic growth}} and prosperity, in Asase Lewa thanks to the intensified exploitation of the country's {{wp|petroleum}} resources and in Kitaubani thanks to {{wp|export-oriented industrialization}}, that resulted in a substantial growth in the countries' {{wp|foreign exchange reserves}}.
 
In this environment, the Asalewan and Kitauban states consequently sought to also create their own international financial institution for Bahian states, seeking first and foremost to prevent the increasing assumption of Economic Restructuring Policies that had been substantially adopted by other Bahian states. Though designed in large part as a way for Asase Lewa and Kitauban to aid one another, the Bank of Bahia became joined by other member states; Asase Lewa's long-term ally [[Nahrun]] quickly joined the Bank of Bahia, as did other Bahian states such as [X].
 
Though debt relief remained the chief focus of the Bank of Bahia throughout the 1990s, increasing economic and political stability throughout Bahia in the late 1990s and 2000s meant that the Bank of Bahia's emphasis gradually shifted to broader economic development, especially financing {{wp|infrastructure}} projects, as a broad-based {{wp|development finance institution}}. Furthermore, the IFDS's expansion throughout this period—and the rise of Shangea and Zorasan globally—meant that the BDU emerged as the Bank of Bahia's key partner, with both banks frequently co-financing various development projects throughout the continent. This increasing partnership culminated in procedural changes to the BdB's governance in 2008, granting a small amount of voting power to non-Bahian financing nations—primarily, though not exclusively, Shangea, Zorasan, [[Valduvia]], and [[Dezevau]]—while still investing most decisionmaking power in the founding states of Asase Lewa and Kitaubani. In the modern period, the BdB remains extensively involved in debt relief and development financing in collaboration with the BDU, though is sometimes criticized for allegedly benefitting Asase Lewa and Kitaubani at the expense of other, poorer Bahian states.
 
==Organization==


The Bank of Bahia is formally governed by a twelve-member Board of Governors. Its internal structure diverges sharply from institutions like the Global Institute for Financial Affairs; rather than being based primarily on {{wp|special drawing rights}} or the financial contributions of each member state, the BdB's structure is fixed and unchanging; as the founding members, Asase Lewa and Kitaubani both retain the right to appoint three members each to the Board of Governors. Other member states of the Bank of Bahia retain the right to collectively elect three members to tee Board of Governors according to a one-member, one-vote system. The remaining quarter of seats of the Board of Governors are elected based on states' financial contributions. Though historically Asase Lewa and Kitaubani have been the primary contributors and creditors of the Bank of Bahia, in modern times—especially after the BdB allowed non-Bahian creditor states to exercise voting power in 2008—other states have emerged as major creditors, primarily Shangea, Zorasan, Valduvia, and Dezevau.
A {{wp|directorial republic|directorial}} {{wp|federal republic}} internally divided into 33 constituent {{wp|Swiss cantons|Free Provinces}} and 11 constituent {{wp|city-state|Free Cities}}, Wisentland's government is based around principles of {{wp|direct democracy}} and {{wp|sortition}}, incorporating these systems, particularly sortition, more than any other state; both nationally and locally, legislative decisions and supreme power lies in ''{{wp|Landsgemeinde|Friversammeln}}'', bodies comprised of all adult citizens that meet to decide legislative decisions biannually, either through in-person assemblies at the subnational level and in smaller Free Provinces and Cities, or through referenda and ballots at the national level and in larger Free Provinces and Cities. Between Friversammeln sessions, legislative power lies in the ''{{wp|Boule (ancient Greece)|Börgerraad}}'', bodies of 50 citizens chosen by lot annually; togther, the Börgerraad and Friversammeln in turn annually elect the ''{{wp|Swiss Federal Council|Wahlraad}}'', directorial, collegial bodies which administer state administration and serve as the collective {{wp|head of government}} and {{wp|head of state}}. This direct-democratic tradition extends to the judiciary, where Wisentland has extensive traditions of {{wp|judge|elected judges}}, {{wp|jury trials}}, and {{wp|jury nullification}}, and to the military, where Wisentland maintains a {{wp|Swiss Armed Forcres|largely unprofessionalized military}} based around {{wp|conscription}} and service into a {{wp|military reserve force|reserve}} {{wp|militia}}.


==Criticism==
Given the isolation born by mountainous terrain, Wisentland is notable for its long history of {{wp|The Art of Not Being Governed|state evasion}} and resistance to control by, or assimilation into, outside forces more broadly. Wisentland was one of the last locations in Central Calesia to remain predominantly {{wp|Celtic}}, only becoming substantially {{wp|Germanicization|Ruthenized}} by the fifth and sixth centuries, and only becoming fully {{wp|Christianization|Gregorianized}} and swearing fealty to the Northern Ruthenic Kingdom by the tenth century AD. Even after this nominal incorporation, Wisentlander society remained self-governing by autonomous rural {{wp|medieval commune|communes}} and {{wp|thing (assembly)|assemblies}}, with this status acknowledged by Ruthenic lords as part of the notion of the {{wp|Frisian freedom|Wisentlander liberty}}. {{wp|Popular revolts in late medieval Europe|popular revolts}} during and after the [[Catabolic Crisis]], sometimes termed the [[Wisentlander revolution]], further deepened this autonomous and egalitarian tradition, resulting in the assertion of peasant and journeyman ownership over land and manufactures, the abolition of elected officials in favor of governance by {{wp|sortition}} and {{wp|direct democracy}}, and the gradual coalescence of Wisentlander communes and assemblies into a decentralized but coherent political entity.


Though in the late 1980s and early 1990s the Bank of Bahia was much-praised for its {{wp|anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist}} credentials and furthering {{wp|South-South cooperation}}, in modern times the Bank has come under substantial criticism for allegedly favoring the interests of its founders, Asase Lewa and Kitaubani, at the expense of other, poorer Bahian states. Detractors of the BdB especially critize its internal governance, which disproportionately empowers Asase Lewa and Kitaubani and to a lesser extent other creditor states, though the Asalewan and Kitauban states themselves claim this is necessary because these states' historical role in staunchly opposing [[Euclea|Euclean]] {{wp|neocolonialism}} means they are better advocates of Bahian interests than other Bahian states.
The signing of {{wp|Federal Charter of 1291|Humble Freemen's Pact of 1362}} signed by revolutionary communes and assemblies after the {{wp|Ciompi Revolt|Great Sniddjenbörg Revolt}} is today celebrated as the date of the formation of Most Serene Wisentlander Republic, and Wisentland is generally considered the most prominent and long-lasting example of the medieval Calesian {{wp|peasant republic}}, and the only such peasant republic to have survived into the modern day. During the early modern period, Wisentland faced substantial internal division, crisis, and transformation—most notably, socioeconomic inequalities between burghers, artisans, peasants, and shepherds, and substantial social transformation during and after the {{wp|Reformation|Presterite Reformation}}, resulting in the mass conversion of most Wisentlanders to {{wp|Schwarzenau Brethren|Kerkchoffism}}, a local Presterite denomination rooted in a synthesis {{wp|Radical Pietism}} with local peasant tradition.


In addition to this perceived {{wp|paternalism|paternalistic}} attitude, the BdB's detractors also allege that it has become a tool for furthering Asalewan and Kitauban interests more broadly. These critics argue that the BdB's infrastructure projects in non-founder member states have been primarily focused on intensifying the extraction of primary commodities in these states and the shipment of these primary commodities, at relatively low prices consistent with international market values, to Asase Lewa and Kitaubani for refining , industrial processing, and export at the higher prices industrial goods reach on the international market. Rather than enabling the industrialization of other Bahian countries, therefore, these critics argue that the BdB's development projects primarily enable the founder states' ascension to {{wp|semi-periphery countries|semi-periphery}} status while leaving most Bahian states languishing in a primarily {{wp|periphery countries|peripheral}} role. For example, these critics especially criticize Asase Lewa's longstanding relationship with its much poorer neighbor and ally in Nahrun, arguing that the BdB has intensified a longstanding exploitative relationship between the two states.
Nevertheless, Wisentland remained self-governing until 1783, whereupon it was invaded and conqered by the southeastern Ruthenic kingdom of Xland. During Xlander rule, termed by modern Wisentlander historians and writers the {{wp|Century of Humiliation|Eighty Years' Indignity}}, Wisentland became an epicenter of the early {{wp|Industrial Revolution}}, with prodigious coal and iron mines in the Wiesntlander hinterland fueling substantial textile and woodworking factories in the Zigland Valley and one of the world's highest rates of {{wp|industrialization}}, {{wp|urbanization}}, {{wp|enclosure}}, and {{wp|proletarianization}} in the early nineteenth century. This combination of proletarianization and a loss of ancient liberties resulting in the mass political radicalization of Wisentlander society and the Wisentlander War of Independence in the mid-nineteenth century. Following the [[Wisentlander War of Independence]], the newly-unified state of Ruthen recognizing Wisentland as independent in 1864 and the Most Serene Wisentlander Republic became reestablished based on a synthesis of historical peasant and artisan radicalism, including traditions of sortition and direct democracy, with contemporary traditions of {{wp|classical radicalism}} and proto-{{wp|socialism}}.


These critics also argue, though to a somewhat lesser extent, that the Bank of Bahia has served Asase Lewa and Kitaubani's larger {{wp|geopolitics|geopolitical}} objectives; during the 1990s, for example, the BdB encouraged member states to pair development financing with military cooperation on {{wp|counterterrorism}} issues, an act widely interpreted as an Asalewan attempt to encourage the Nahrune and Tiwuran governments to cooperate with it in stemming the flow of arms to the [[Lokpa Spiritual Freedom Army]] during the [[Lokpaland insurgency]] and capturing LSFA soldiers fleeing Asase Lewa for those bordering states.
Though having substantially reformed since the nineteenth century—most notably, through the institution of [[Delarueism|Delarueist]]-inspired reforms in the early twentieth century, particularly after the country's occupation during the [[Transmedan War]], mid-century secularization and liberalization driven by {{wp|new social movements}}, and greater political centralization and deindustrialization during the [[Deluge]], this political and economic settlement remains the foundation of contemporary Wisentland. Though struggling with issues such as deindustrialization and an aging poplation, contemporary Wisentland enjoys one of the world's highest standards of living as measured by the {{wp|Human Development Index}}; a {{wp|high-income country}}, Wisentland's {{wp|post-industrial economy}} is based around tourism, information technology, other services, and legacy industries, and synthesizes {{wp|market socialism|market socialist}} principles of ownership of the means of production by {{wp|workers' cooperative|workers'}} and {{wp|agricultural cooperative|agricultural cooperatives}} with aspects of {{wp|economic planning}} through state ownership of the {{wp|command heights of economy}} and {{wp|tripartism|tripartite}} economic agreements between workers', farmers', and consumers' federations mediated by the state, causing many analysts to consider Wisentland a ''de facto'' {{wp|decentralized planned economy}}. Internationally, Wisentland enjoys close ties with other Calesian socialist states, especially [[Hyacinthe]] and [[West Ruthen]], and is a full member of the [[United Congress]], [[Teleon]], [[Global Socialist League]], and [[Lisieux Pact]].

Latest revision as of 11:14, 20 January 2025

Most Serene Wisentlander Republic
Durchlauchtigste Republik Wisentlandische
Flag of Wisentland
Flag
Motto: Freeiheid of Dood!
"Freedom or death!"
Anthem: Die Glocken stürmten vom Bernwardsturm
"The bells stormed from the Bernward Tower"
Capital
and largest city
Sniddjenbörg
Official languages
Ethnic groups
(2020)
85.7% Wisentlanders
7.3% Adanalis
3.2% Ruthenic
3.8% other
Religion
  • 13.8% Irreligious
  • 3.7% Himaya
  • 7.3% Other
Demonym(s)Wisentlander
GovernmentFederal directorial republic and direct democracy with elements of sortition
Wahlraad
LegislatureFriversammeln
Börgerraad (between Friversammeln sessions)
Establishment
• Recognition of the Wisentlander liberty
Circa 1050
1362
• Ruthenic occupation
1783
• Independence from Ruthen
1864
• Sydenham occupation
27 December 1934
• Liberation from Sydenham occupation
11 March 1940
Population
• 2024 estimate
Increase 7,420,069
GDP (PPP)2024 estimate
• Total
Increase $450.450 billion
• Per capita
Increase $60,707
GDP (nominal)2024 estimate
• Total
Increase $380.583 billion
• Per capita
Increase $51,291
Gini (2024)22.1
low
HDI (2024)Increase 0.932
very high
CurrencyWisentlander guilder
Time zoneUTC+1 (East Calesian Time, ECT)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy
Driving sideleft
ISO 3166 codeWS
Internet TLD.ws

Wisentland, officially the Most Serene Wisentlander Republic (Ruthish: Durchlauchtigste Republik Wisentlandische) is a sovereign state located in Central Calesia. Bordered by Olcabria to its south, C8 to its east, C7 to its west, and C23 to its north, Wisentland is almost entirely located within the X Mountains; however, Wisentland is geographically divided between a more mountainous and rugged hinterland, comprising the majority of its landmass, and the Zigland Valley, a relatively low-lying area located along the Zigland River which hosts the majority of the country's population, including the primate city of Sniddjenbörg, where approximately one-third of Wisentland's population of 7 million reside.

A directorial federal republic internally divided into 33 constituent Free Provinces and 11 constituent Free Cities, Wisentland's government is based around principles of direct democracy and sortition, incorporating these systems, particularly sortition, more than any other state; both nationally and locally, legislative decisions and supreme power lies in Friversammeln, bodies comprised of all adult citizens that meet to decide legislative decisions biannually, either through in-person assemblies at the subnational level and in smaller Free Provinces and Cities, or through referenda and ballots at the national level and in larger Free Provinces and Cities. Between Friversammeln sessions, legislative power lies in the Börgerraad, bodies of 50 citizens chosen by lot annually; togther, the Börgerraad and Friversammeln in turn annually elect the Wahlraad, directorial, collegial bodies which administer state administration and serve as the collective head of government and head of state. This direct-democratic tradition extends to the judiciary, where Wisentland has extensive traditions of elected judges, jury trials, and jury nullification, and to the military, where Wisentland maintains a largely unprofessionalized military based around conscription and service into a reserve militia.

Given the isolation born by mountainous terrain, Wisentland is notable for its long history of state evasion and resistance to control by, or assimilation into, outside forces more broadly. Wisentland was one of the last locations in Central Calesia to remain predominantly Celtic, only becoming substantially Ruthenized by the fifth and sixth centuries, and only becoming fully Gregorianized and swearing fealty to the Northern Ruthenic Kingdom by the tenth century AD. Even after this nominal incorporation, Wisentlander society remained self-governing by autonomous rural communes and assemblies, with this status acknowledged by Ruthenic lords as part of the notion of the Wisentlander liberty. popular revolts during and after the Catabolic Crisis, sometimes termed the Wisentlander revolution, further deepened this autonomous and egalitarian tradition, resulting in the assertion of peasant and journeyman ownership over land and manufactures, the abolition of elected officials in favor of governance by sortition and direct democracy, and the gradual coalescence of Wisentlander communes and assemblies into a decentralized but coherent political entity.

The signing of Humble Freemen's Pact of 1362 signed by revolutionary communes and assemblies after the Great Sniddjenbörg Revolt is today celebrated as the date of the formation of Most Serene Wisentlander Republic, and Wisentland is generally considered the most prominent and long-lasting example of the medieval Calesian peasant republic, and the only such peasant republic to have survived into the modern day. During the early modern period, Wisentland faced substantial internal division, crisis, and transformation—most notably, socioeconomic inequalities between burghers, artisans, peasants, and shepherds, and substantial social transformation during and after the Presterite Reformation, resulting in the mass conversion of most Wisentlanders to Kerkchoffism, a local Presterite denomination rooted in a synthesis Radical Pietism with local peasant tradition.

Nevertheless, Wisentland remained self-governing until 1783, whereupon it was invaded and conqered by the southeastern Ruthenic kingdom of Xland. During Xlander rule, termed by modern Wisentlander historians and writers the Eighty Years' Indignity, Wisentland became an epicenter of the early Industrial Revolution, with prodigious coal and iron mines in the Wiesntlander hinterland fueling substantial textile and woodworking factories in the Zigland Valley and one of the world's highest rates of industrialization, urbanization, enclosure, and proletarianization in the early nineteenth century. This combination of proletarianization and a loss of ancient liberties resulting in the mass political radicalization of Wisentlander society and the Wisentlander War of Independence in the mid-nineteenth century. Following the Wisentlander War of Independence, the newly-unified state of Ruthen recognizing Wisentland as independent in 1864 and the Most Serene Wisentlander Republic became reestablished based on a synthesis of historical peasant and artisan radicalism, including traditions of sortition and direct democracy, with contemporary traditions of classical radicalism and proto-socialism.

Though having substantially reformed since the nineteenth century—most notably, through the institution of Delarueist-inspired reforms in the early twentieth century, particularly after the country's occupation during the Transmedan War, mid-century secularization and liberalization driven by new social movements, and greater political centralization and deindustrialization during the Deluge, this political and economic settlement remains the foundation of contemporary Wisentland. Though struggling with issues such as deindustrialization and an aging poplation, contemporary Wisentland enjoys one of the world's highest standards of living as measured by the Human Development Index; a high-income country, Wisentland's post-industrial economy is based around tourism, information technology, other services, and legacy industries, and synthesizes market socialist principles of ownership of the means of production by workers' and agricultural cooperatives with aspects of economic planning through state ownership of the command heights of economy and tripartite economic agreements between workers', farmers', and consumers' federations mediated by the state, causing many analysts to consider Wisentland a de facto decentralized planned economy. Internationally, Wisentland enjoys close ties with other Calesian socialist states, especially Hyacinthe and West Ruthen, and is a full member of the United Congress, Teleon, Global Socialist League, and Lisieux Pact.

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