Flourishing Southlands (Geopolity): Difference between revisions
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|native_name = Brasil | |native_name = Brasil | ||
|common_name = Brazil | |common_name = Brazil | ||
|image_flag = | |image_flag =[[File:Fs_flag.png|200px]] | ||
|national_motto = ''Ordem e Progresso'' | |national_motto = ''Ordem e Progresso'' | ||
|national_anthem = ''Hino Nacional Brasileiro '' | |national_anthem = ''Hino Nacional Brasileiro '' | ||
|image_map = | |image_map = [[File:BRA orthographic.svg|200px]] | ||
|map_caption = | |map_caption = | ||
|capital = | |capital = {{wp|Brasília}} | ||
|largest_city = | |largest_city = {{wp|São Paulo}} | ||
|official_languages = Portuguese | |official_languages = {{wp|Portuguese}} | ||
|national_languages = | |national_languages = | ||
|regional_languages = Apalaí, Arára, Bororo, Canela, Carajá, Carib, Guarani, Kaingang, Nadëb, Nheengatu, Pirahã, Terena, Ticuna, Tucano, Tupiniquim, Wanano, Ye'kuana | |regional_languages = Apalaí, Arára, Bororo, Canela, Carajá, Carib, East Pomeranian, English, German, Guarani, Italian, Japanese, Kaingang, Lombard, Nadëb, Neapolitan, Nheengatu, Pirahã, Polish, Romani, Spanish, Terena, Ticuna, Tucano, Tupiniquim, Ukrainian, Venetian, Wanano, Ye'kuana | ||
|demonym = Brazilian | |demonym = Brazilian | ||
|government_type = {{wp|Federal}} {{wp|presidential system|presidential}} {{wp|republic}} | |government_type = {{wp|Federal}} {{wp|presidential system|presidential}} {{wp|republic}} | ||
|leader_title1 = President | |leader_title1 = [[President of Brazil (Geopolity)|President]] | ||
|leader_name1 = [[Franco dos Santos]] | |leader_name1 = [[Franco dos Santos]] | ||
|leader_title2 = Commander-in-Chief | |leader_title2 = Commander-in-Chief | ||
|leader_name2 = [[Diogo | |leader_name2 = [[Diogo da Silva Telo e Meneses]] | ||
|leader_title3 = Vice President | |leader_title3 = Vice President | ||
|leader_name3 = [[Adrião Coutinho]] | |leader_name3 = [[Adrião Coutinho]] | ||
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|HDI_year = 2022 | |HDI_year = 2022 | ||
|currency = Brazilian real (BRL) | |currency = Brazilian real (BRL) | ||
}} | |ethnic_groups=45.3% Mixed<br>43.5% White<br>10.2% Black<br>0.6% Indigenous<br>0.4% East Asian}} | ||
'''The Seventh Federative Republic of Brazil''' is a hybrid regime located in South America. It is the world's fifth-largest country by area, and seventh-largest by population. Its capital is Brasília, located in the Distrito Federal, and its most populous city is São Paulo. It is extremely rich in natural and human resources, thanks to its megadiversity and a history of mass centripetal immigration. This has consequently allowed it to become one of the world's major breadbaskets and largest economies. | '''The Seventh Federative Republic of Brazil''' is a hybrid regime located in South America. It is the world's fifth-largest country by area, and seventh-largest by population. Its capital is {{wp|Brasília}}, located in the {{wp|Distrito Federal}}, and its most populous city is {{wp|São Paulo}}. It is extremely rich in natural and human resources, thanks to its megadiversity and a history of mass centripetal immigration. This has consequently allowed it to become one of the world's major breadbaskets and largest economies. | ||
Brazil is an emerging middle power. It is a member of the [[Global Security Association]] (GSA), and holds chairmanship over the [[United Assembly of Nations]] (UAN). | Brazil is an emerging {{wp|middle power}}. It is a member of the [[Global Security Association]] (GSA), and holds chairmanship over the [[United Assembly of Nations]] (UAN). | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
The word 'Brazil' is likely sourced from brazilwood, known in Portuguese as ''Paubrasilia''. Its wood can be powdered into a vibrant red dye, which contributed to its overharvesting by European traders. The tree is now all but extirpated, and replanting efforts have yielded little fruit. Brazil is consequently the only country in the world to be named after a dye. | The word 'Brazil' is likely sourced from {{wp|brazilwood}}, known in Portuguese as ''Paubrasilia''. Its wood can be powdered into a vibrant red dye, which contributed to its overharvesting by European traders. The tree is now all but extirpated, and replanting efforts have yielded little fruit. Brazil is consequently the only country in the world to be named after a dye. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
| Line 57: | Line 57: | ||
===Contemporary era=== | ===Contemporary era=== | ||
''See also: [[Brazilian RP Archive (Geopolity)]]'' | |||
==Government and politics== | ==Government and politics== | ||
Brazil is a presidential federation, currently governed by a semi-democratic military junta known as the [[Brazilian Restoration and Salvation Council]] (BRSC). The BRSC is headed by a Commander-in-Chief, who leads the Armed Forces, and a President, who oversees the day-to-day administration of the country. {{wp|Civilian control of the military}} is nonexistent. | Brazil is a presidential {{wp|federation}}, currently governed by a semi-democratic {{wp|military junta}} known as the [[Brazilian Restoration and Salvation Council]] (BRSC). The BRSC is headed by a Commander-in-Chief, who leads the Armed Forces, and a President, who oversees the day-to-day administration of the country. The [[Constitution of the Seventh Federative Republic of Brazil|constitutional]] distribution of power is lopsided towards the Commander-in-Chief. {{wp|Civilian control of the military}} and the {{wp|separation of powers}} is token to nonexistent. | ||
===Executive=== | ===Executive=== | ||
'' | The BRSC discharges all executive functions of government, and is comprised of the Ministry of the Interior, Ministry of the Exterior, Ministry of Human Capital, Ministry of Regulations and Social Protection, Ministry of Justice, and the [[Brazilian Armed Forces]]. | ||
Despite the vast array of legal powers at its disposal, the BRSC's competences are quite limited: | |||
* Foreign affairs | |||
* Defence | |||
* Unemployment protection (via Trabalho Para Todos) | |||
* National development (via Trabalho Para Todos) | |||
* Welfare (via Bolsa Familia) | |||
* Healthcare | |||
* Education | |||
* Federal law enforcement and incarceration | |||
* Federal taxation | |||
* Federal technical and trade standards | |||
The other powers of government reside with local authorities, which include: | |||
* Regional development | |||
* Public transport | |||
* Welfare (via local initiatives) | |||
* Healthcare (via local initiatives) | |||
* Education (via local initiatives) | |||
*State law enforcement and incarceration | |||
*Firefighting and ambulance services | |||
*State taxation | |||
*Business licencing | |||
*Industrial policy and subsidies | |||
* Indigenous and women's affairs | |||
* Human and labour rights protection | |||
* Arts, culture, and recreation | |||
* Waste management and recycling | |||
* Street cleaning and sanitation | |||
* Property registration | |||
* Statistics and census-taking | |||
* Gaming control | |||
* Animal and pest control | |||
* Inspections and certification | |||
* Environmental conservation and protection | |||
* Resource management | |||
* Public debt financing | |||
Some powers have also been spun off to private entities, such as: | |||
* Social housing (built and managed by [[Casa Brasil]]) | |||
* Pensions and superannuation (administered by the [[Fundo de Previdência Obrigatório]]) | |||
* Postal services (administered by the now-privatised Correios) | |||
* Export credit schemes (administered by banks) | |||
* Railways (operating via a franchising model) | |||
===Legislature=== | ===Legislature=== | ||
''See also: the [[Brazilian People's Congress]]'' | ''See also: the [[Brazilian People's Congress]]''<br> | ||
The Brazilian People's Congress (BPC) is Brazil's national legislature, replacing the {{wp|National Congress of Brazil}}. It was formerly named the Technical Legislative Board (TLB), which was comprised of experts, professionals, and academics retained on an ad hoc basis. Legislation was proposed by members of the general public, and subsequently scrutinized by a body of experts whose field corresponds with the proposal's subject matter. The TLB was technicratic but unwieldy, prompting the BRSC to reform it into a more permanent, specialised lawmaking body. | |||
The BPC is comprised of 300 Congressional Deputies (CDs), of whom 100 are directly elected by the public, 100 are sourced from {{wp|functional constituency|professional bodies and organisations}}, and 100 are appointed by the BRSC. This allows the three key sectors of society - the people, business, and government - to be politically represented. | |||
===Judiciary=== | ===Judiciary=== | ||
| Line 75: | Line 127: | ||
* the ''Supremo Tribunal Federal'' (STF), the court of final appeal on constitutional matters | * the ''Supremo Tribunal Federal'' (STF), the court of final appeal on constitutional matters | ||
* the ''Superior Tribunal de Justiça'' (STJ), the court of final appeal on non-constitutional matters | * the ''Superior Tribunal de Justiça'' (STJ), the court of final appeal on non-constitutional matters | ||
* the ''Tribunal Superior Eleitoral'' (TSE), the court of final appeal on electoral | * the ''Tribunal Superior Eleitoral'' (TSE), the court of final appeal on electoral law | ||
* the ''Tribunal Superior do Trabalho'' (TST), the courts of final appeal on labour law | * the ''Tribunal Superior do Trabalho'' (TST), the courts of final appeal on labour law | ||
* the ''Superior Tribunal Militar'' (STM), the court of final appeal on military justice | * the ''Superior Tribunal Militar'' (STM), the court of final appeal on military justice | ||
* the ''Tribunais Regionais Federais'' (TRF) | * the ''Tribunais Regionais Federais'' (TRF), the court of appeal on general martters for their respective regions | ||
* the ''Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho'' (TRT) | * the ''Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho'' (TRT), the court of appeal on labour law for their respective regions | ||
* the ''Tribunal Regional Eleitoral'' (TRE) | * the ''Tribunal Regional Eleitoral'' (TRE), the court of appeal on electoral law for their respective regions | ||
The state judiciary is comprised of the following organs: | The state judiciary is comprised of the following organs: | ||
| Line 88: | Line 140: | ||
===Military=== | ===Military=== | ||
''See also: the [[Brazilian Armed Forces]]'' | ''See also: the [[Brazilian Armed Forces]]'' | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
| Line 129: | Line 151: | ||
===Manufacturing=== | ===Manufacturing=== | ||
===Financial services=== | |||
===Arts and culture=== | ===Arts and culture=== | ||
| Line 140: | Line 164: | ||
===Notable companies=== | ===Notable companies=== | ||
* '''[[Brasil Energía]]''', a multinational comglomerate formed from a merger of {{wp|Petrobras}}, {{wp|Cosan}}, and {{wp|Vibra Energia}}. | * '''[[Brasil Energía]]''', a multinational comglomerate formed from a merger of {{wp|Petrobras}}, {{wp|Cosan}}, and {{wp|Vibra Energia}}. | ||
* '''[[Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima]]''', a state-owned national railway company. | |||
* '''[[Air Brasil]]''', a state-owned cargo airline. | |||
===Currency=== | |||
The official currency of Brazil is the '''Brazilian real''' (BRL), replacing the {{wp|cruzeiro real}} in 1994. It is issued by the {{wp|Banco Central do Brasil}}, minted by the {{wp|Casa da Moeda do Brasil}}, and subdivided into 100 {{wp|centavos}}. | |||
The [[Common Overseas Convertible Currency]] (COCC/CCC) is used GSA-wide as a reserve currency for intra-alliance exports, imports, and investments. | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
[[Category:Flourishing Southlands (Geopolity)]] | |||
[[Category:Countries]] | |||
Latest revision as of 08:27, 5 July 2024
 | This article is incomplete because it is pending further input from participants, or it is a work-in-progress by one author. Please comment on this article's talk page to share your input, comments and questions. Note: To contribute to this article, you may need to seek help from the author(s) of this page. |
Seventh Federative Republic of Brazil Brasil | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: Ordem e Progresso | |
| Anthem: Hino Nacional Brasileiro | |
 | |
| Capital | Brasília |
| Largest city | São Paulo |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Recognised regional languages | Apalaí, Arára, Bororo, Canela, Carajá, Carib, East Pomeranian, English, German, Guarani, Italian, Japanese, Kaingang, Lombard, Nadëb, Neapolitan, Nheengatu, Pirahã, Polish, Romani, Spanish, Terena, Ticuna, Tucano, Tupiniquim, Ukrainian, Venetian, Wanano, Ye'kuana |
| Ethnic groups | 45.3% Mixed 43.5% White 10.2% Black 0.6% Indigenous 0.4% East Asian |
| Demonym(s) | Brazilian |
| Government | Federal presidential republic |
| Franco dos Santos | |
• Commander-in-Chief | Diogo da Silva Telo e Meneses |
• Vice President | Adrião Coutinho |
| Legislature | Brazilian People's Congress |
| Population | |
• FY7 (??? April 2024) estimate | ??? |
| GDP (nominal) | FY7 (??? April 2024) estimate |
• Total | $2,560,015,778,738 USD |
• Per capita | $11,427.75 USD |
| HDI (2022) | 0.760 high |
| Currency | Brazilian real (BRL) |
| ISO 3166 code | BR |
The Seventh Federative Republic of Brazil is a hybrid regime located in South America. It is the world's fifth-largest country by area, and seventh-largest by population. Its capital is Brasília, located in the Distrito Federal, and its most populous city is São Paulo. It is extremely rich in natural and human resources, thanks to its megadiversity and a history of mass centripetal immigration. This has consequently allowed it to become one of the world's major breadbaskets and largest economies.
Brazil is an emerging middle power. It is a member of the Global Security Association (GSA), and holds chairmanship over the United Assembly of Nations (UAN).
Etymology
The word 'Brazil' is likely sourced from brazilwood, known in Portuguese as Paubrasilia. Its wood can be powdered into a vibrant red dye, which contributed to its overharvesting by European traders. The tree is now all but extirpated, and replanting efforts have yielded little fruit. Brazil is consequently the only country in the world to be named after a dye.
History
Prehistory
Discovery and colonization
Europeans arrive
Independence
Independence as Empire
Republican era
Overthrow of Pedro II
Contemporary era
See also: Brazilian RP Archive (Geopolity)
Government and politics
Brazil is a presidential federation, currently governed by a semi-democratic military junta known as the Brazilian Restoration and Salvation Council (BRSC). The BRSC is headed by a Commander-in-Chief, who leads the Armed Forces, and a President, who oversees the day-to-day administration of the country. The constitutional distribution of power is lopsided towards the Commander-in-Chief. Civilian control of the military and the separation of powers is token to nonexistent.
Executive
The BRSC discharges all executive functions of government, and is comprised of the Ministry of the Interior, Ministry of the Exterior, Ministry of Human Capital, Ministry of Regulations and Social Protection, Ministry of Justice, and the Brazilian Armed Forces.
Despite the vast array of legal powers at its disposal, the BRSC's competences are quite limited:
- Foreign affairs
- Defence
- Unemployment protection (via Trabalho Para Todos)
- National development (via Trabalho Para Todos)
- Welfare (via Bolsa Familia)
- Healthcare
- Education
- Federal law enforcement and incarceration
- Federal taxation
- Federal technical and trade standards
The other powers of government reside with local authorities, which include:
- Regional development
- Public transport
- Welfare (via local initiatives)
- Healthcare (via local initiatives)
- Education (via local initiatives)
- State law enforcement and incarceration
- Firefighting and ambulance services
- State taxation
- Business licencing
- Industrial policy and subsidies
- Indigenous and women's affairs
- Human and labour rights protection
- Arts, culture, and recreation
- Waste management and recycling
- Street cleaning and sanitation
- Property registration
- Statistics and census-taking
- Gaming control
- Animal and pest control
- Inspections and certification
- Environmental conservation and protection
- Resource management
- Public debt financing
Some powers have also been spun off to private entities, such as:
- Social housing (built and managed by Casa Brasil)
- Pensions and superannuation (administered by the Fundo de Previdência Obrigatório)
- Postal services (administered by the now-privatised Correios)
- Export credit schemes (administered by banks)
- Railways (operating via a franchising model)
Legislature
See also: the Brazilian People's Congress
The Brazilian People's Congress (BPC) is Brazil's national legislature, replacing the National Congress of Brazil. It was formerly named the Technical Legislative Board (TLB), which was comprised of experts, professionals, and academics retained on an ad hoc basis. Legislation was proposed by members of the general public, and subsequently scrutinized by a body of experts whose field corresponds with the proposal's subject matter. The TLB was technicratic but unwieldy, prompting the BRSC to reform it into a more permanent, specialised lawmaking body.
The BPC is comprised of 300 Congressional Deputies (CDs), of whom 100 are directly elected by the public, 100 are sourced from professional bodies and organisations, and 100 are appointed by the BRSC. This allows the three key sectors of society - the people, business, and government - to be politically represented.
Judiciary
Brazil's legal system is based on continental, and more specifically, the Portuguese civil law tradition. Most, if not all, Brazilian laws are codified, with very little resort to law reports or case authorities. Stare decisis is not practiced, though general interpretive guidance may be sought from the judgments of senior courts. The judiciary is comprised of career judges, who are appointed after passing entry exams. This stands starkly in contrast with the judiciaries of the Anglosphere, where judges are nominated from a pool of experienced practitioners, typically Senior Counsel or King's Counsel, before they are appointed.
The judiciary of Brazil is divided vertically (between the federal and state-level courts) and horizontally (between different specialised areas). The federal judiciary is comprised of the following organs:
- the Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ), which disciplines judicial officers and promotes reform
- the Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), the court of final appeal on constitutional matters
- the Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ), the court of final appeal on non-constitutional matters
- the Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), the court of final appeal on electoral law
- the Tribunal Superior do Trabalho (TST), the courts of final appeal on labour law
- the Superior Tribunal Militar (STM), the court of final appeal on military justice
- the Tribunais Regionais Federais (TRF), the court of appeal on general martters for their respective regions
- the Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho (TRT), the court of appeal on labour law for their respective regions
- the Tribunal Regional Eleitoral (TRE), the court of appeal on electoral law for their respective regions
The state judiciary is comprised of the following organs:
- the Tribunal de Justiça (TJ), the court of appeal for their respective states
- the Vara, the court of first instance for their comarca
Military
See also: the Brazilian Armed Forces
Economy
The economy of Brazil is historically one of the largest and most significant in the Southern Hemisphere, with a nominal GDP of $2,560,015,778,738 USD, and GDP per capita of $11,427.75. It is classed as a developing country with a mixed economy, though the privatisation campaign undertaken by President Franco dos Santos is projected to further reduce the state's footprint in the market.
Brazil was one of the fastest-growing economies in the world from 2000 to 2012, with averaging at 5% GDP growth per annum. This was interrupted by a decade of economic recession and stagnation that lasted until the Brazilian Restoration and Salvation Council's seizure of power. Economic prospects have since recovered following reforms and Brazil's entry into the GSA economic area, though it is unclear whether this upward trajectory will be sustained far into the future.
Agriculture
Mining
Manufacturing
Financial services
Arts and culture
Tourism
Energy
Logistics
Notable companies
- Brasil Energía, a multinational comglomerate formed from a merger of Petrobras, Cosan, and Vibra Energia.
- Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima, a state-owned national railway company.
- Air Brasil, a state-owned cargo airline.
Currency
The official currency of Brazil is the Brazilian real (BRL), replacing the cruzeiro real in 1994. It is issued by the Banco Central do Brasil, minted by the Casa da Moeda do Brasil, and subdivided into 100 centavos.
The Common Overseas Convertible Currency (COCC/CCC) is used GSA-wide as a reserve currency for intra-alliance exports, imports, and investments.