Eastarland

Kingdom of Eastarland Ostligjorden Kōninriket
Flag Coat of Arms
Motto: "Loyalty to the Crown and Fatherland" ("Lojalitet til Kronen og Fedrelandet")
Anthem: "Your glory is eternal, Eastarland!" ("Din oire er evig, Ostligjord!")
Capital	Klausberg
Largest city	Nortvik
Official languages	Trondic
Recognised national languages	Trondic
Ethnic groups (2020)	Trondians (91%) Lusivecians (4.7%) Ykanjoans (2.1%) Scousers (1.4%) Other (0.8%)
Demonym(s)	Trondians
Government	Unitary Constitutional Parliamentary Monarchy
• Monarch	Frederik XI
• Prime Minister	Helena Hoffmann
• President of the Senate	Arne Bakken
• Сhairman of the Kōninstag	Emilia Orenstein
• Chief of Justice	Roy Holand
Legislature	States General
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Kōninstag
Foundation
• The beginning of the statehood of the Principality of Nedebrad	1579
• Unification of the Kingdom of Eastarland	1827
• Constitution	May 17, 1855
Area
• Total	612,097 km2 (236,332 sq mi)
• Water (%)	3.1%
Population
• 2020 estimate	97,428,353
• 2015 census	95,117,901
• Density	159.2/km2 (412.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2020 estimate
• Total	4.971 trillion
• Per capita	51,022
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	3.783 trillion
• Per capita	38,829
Gini (2020)	29.6 low
HDI (2020)	0.934 very high
Currency	Golden Ducat (Đ) (EGD)
Time zone	UTC+2 (East Time)
Date format	yyyy.dd.mm
Driving side	right
Calling code	+346
ISO 3166 code	ETL
Internet TLD	.etl

Eastarland (Ostligjord [ostligiε:rd]), officially the Kingdom of Eastarland (Ostligjorden Kōninriket [ostligiε:rden kœninriket]) is a country on the eastern continent of Anteria. The area of ​​the territory is 612,097 km2. The population as of December 31, 2020 is 97,428,353.

Located in the center of the eastern continent, it is washed by the waters of the World Ocean in the west, the Castarilian Sea in the east and has an inland sea of Gulthav Sea. It shares borders with Land2020 in the north, Castarilia in the east, Ykanjo in the south.

According to the state structure, it is a unitary state, it consists of 19 Crown lands (Klausberg (metropolitan region), Safeks, Lōwien, Koberfjord, Kiraikjord, Oldermark, Paringien, Egenland, Fōlstmark, Zūdderhafen, Rogenfoll, Trynset, Dorhenhoff, Ōsallandet, Dōnolag, Lusivec, Nedebrad, Rjumark, Ōienvikket). The form of government is a constitutional parliamentary monarchy. The King of Eastarland since 3 August 2006 is Frederik XI from the Farenburg dynasty, since 2 July 2019 Helena Hoffmann has been the Prime Minister and Head of Government.

The capital is Klausberg. The largest city is Nortvik. The state language is Trondic.

Eastarland is a country with a dynamically developing economy. GDP for 2020 was 4.971 trillion ducats (about 51.022 ducats per capita). The monetary unit is the Eastarlandian ducat.

Etymology

The word "Eastarland" is not a self-name for either the Kingdom or its people. The word "Eastarland" is only an English translation of the word Ostligjord, which was formed during the colonial administration of the Castarilian Empire from the 1460s to 1576.
The word Ostligjord literally means "land in the east", and refers to the 1200s - 1250s, when, presumably, the first Irdemanians arrived from the southeastern part of the western continent of Anteria.
The first settlements and cities of violence were characterized by typical Nordic names: Svelvik, Lavrik, Horten. The very same word "Ostligjord" was used only to designate the entire territory occupied by the settlers.
For the first time Ostligjord is mentioned as the name of the state in 1827, when the remaining principalities united into one kingdom, it was decided to give the name to the state, which was given by the first settlers to the land on which it would be formed.

People living in Eastarland call themselves Trondians (Trōndmann). This name comes from the name of a Nordic tribe that lived in the southeast of the Western continent from the 9th to the 13th century. Between the 1200s and 1250s, they migrated to the Eastern Continent.

Geografy

Relief

The northern part of Eastarland is a low-lying plain formed during the Ice Age (North Eastarland Plain, lowest point Gulthav Sea, 0 m below sea level). The surface of the lowland has preserved traces of ancient glaciation - chains of low moraine ridges and hills. The western part of the lowland is occupied by swampy lowlands, the formation of which is caused by the subsidence of the platform. In the central part of the country, forest-covered foothills adjoin the lowlands from the south. The highest point is Hōldhopiggen Mountain, 3243

Rivers and lakes

A large number of rivers flow through the territory of Eastarland, the largest of which are: Ostelv, Glomelv, Kolymelven. The largest lake in Eastarland is Rysvant, with an area of 1140 km² and a depth of 630 m. The lake is connected by a narrow Estersunnet strait in the west with the Gulthav Sea, and in the east with the Strober strait with the Castarilian Sea.

Climate

In general, the climate is temperate, maritime, characterized by cool summers and rather warm winters. The average temperature in July is + 16 ... + 17 ° C, in January - about + 2 ° C on the coast and slightly colder inland. The absolute maximum air temperature (+ 38.6 ° C) was recorded on August 10, 1954 in Drasau, the absolute minimum (−27.4 ° C) was recorded on January 29, 1962 in Litburg. In winter, when anticyclones arrive, the temperature drops below 0 ° C, snow falls, and channels and lakes are covered with ice. Although there is an average of 650 to 750 mm of precipitation per year, rarely a day goes by without rain. There are often fogs, sometimes it snows in winter. Truly extreme natural events (severe droughts, tornadoes, storms, severe frost or heat) are relatively rare.

Demographics

Religion

Religion

  Catholics (44.1%)

  Protestants (8.2%)

  Orthodox (4.7%)

  Atheists (41%)

  Other (2.0%)

According to the 2011 census, 34.5% of citizens do not identify themselves as belonging to any religion or church. In a 2019 survey, only 59% of respondents said they believe in God, 13% said they believe in some kind of natural or spiritual power, and 28% that they don't believe in any of this. The largest number of believers are Catholics (but only 44.1% of the total population as of 2019), the next largest group is Protestants (8.2%).

According to the amendment to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Eastarland, the Kingdom of Eastarland is a secular state with secular values ​​and views. The church is separated from the state, and the schools from the church. There is also a ban on secondary education in parish schools.

In the Crown Land of Lusivec, the Orthodox Church is extremely widespread among a deeply religious fanatical population. It is the official religion of the region, but is semi-official in the Kingdom, meaning it does not receive any government funding. This led to the fact that over the past 130 years the number of Orthodox churches and cathedrals has decreased from 318 at the time of the annexation of the region, to 72 at the moment.

According to universal law, any kind of discrimination based on affiliation with any religion, incitement to wrongdoing, incitement to hatred, causing physical, psychological or financial harm is prohibited to freedom of religion, and is punishable.

Ethnicity

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Ethnicity

  Eastarishmen (91%)

  Lusivecians (4.7%)

  Ykonjoans (2.1%)

  Scousers (1.4%)

  Other (0.8%)

The population for 2020 is 97,428,353 people. The largest cities are Nortvik (3,336,187 people), Klausberg (3,170,613 people), Ongerhamn (3,149,700 people), Merhagen (2,925,059 people). The average life expectancy is 78 years for men, 86 for women. Age composition: from 1 to 17 years old - 21.1%, from 18 to 66 - 65.2%, over 67 - 13.7%. 20 million students. More than 40 million families. 55 out of 100 families own their own houses. Trondic is spoken throughout the country, although a small proportion of the population living in Lusicivec also speaks Lusivecian. Many Trondians are also fluent in English, especially in large cities and young people who are learning English in schools.

With an area of ​​612,097 km², according to data for 2020, Eastarland has a population density of 159.2 people per square kilometer. The most densely populated are 3 western provinces: Lōwien, Zūdderhafen and Egenland (the average population density is 440 people / km2 and more; the maximum indicators are observed in urbanized areas - over 600 people / km2). Largely due to this, Eastarland is one of the countries with the most developed transport and information infrastructure. 90.5 million people, or 93% of the country's population, use the Internet. Eastarland had over 10 million fixed telephones and 12.5 million mobile telephones in 2002-2003. More than 320 radio stations and 37 television stations (as well as 31 repeaters) operate in the country.

Ethnically, the population of Eastarland is very mono-ethnic. The largest ethnic minority in Eastarland are the Lusivecians, but of the total population of the country, their number is 4.7%, which is just over 4.5 million people. This nationality is located entirely in the northern Crown Land of Lusivec. The annexation of this region was preceded by a war between the Kingdom of Eastarland and the Principality of Lusivite. However, in the Kingdom they not only do not have a special status, but are also non-citizens (they have a passport of a non-citizen of Eastarland, which deprives them of the right to all political activities, such as creating or joining political parties, voting in elections at any level, participating in referendums).

Language

Eastarlandian state language (self-name - Trōndsk [trεnsk]) is one of the East Anterian languages ​​that have survived to this day. The Trondic language is the only official language of the Eastarland, about 104 million people speak Trondians (most of them live in Eastarland).

Divided into two dialects: Upper Eastarlandian, Middle Eastarlandian. The modern literary Eastarlandian language is based on the Middle Eastarlandian dialect.

The first written monuments appeared in the 11th century. The modern Trondic Latin-based alphabet contains 31 letters.

The stress is fixed on the first syllable. By morphological structure, is an inflectional and synthetic language. The syntax is characterized by a relatively free word order, the basic one being the SVO order. The vocabulary is mostly primordial, Germanisms prevail among the borrowings.

Education

Višau, Eastarland's oldest university in Fanuburg

Education in Eastarland is compulsory from 3 to 16 years old. From 2020, studies between the ages of 16 and 18 will be compulsory (this can be education, employment or civil service). The basic principles of Eastarlandian education are: freedom of teaching (public and private institutions), free education, neutrality of education, secularism, non-religious education.
Eastarlandian legislation guarantees its citizens a universal secondary education (school attendance is not a prerequisite, and about 1200 children are homeschooled).

The school year lasts 188 days and the municipalities distribute them independently between the autumn and spring semesters; most often, the first half of the year lasts 89 training days, and the spring - 98. Classes begin in August and end at the end of May. Schools pay attention to ensuring the safety of children and the educational process.

The child goes to the school closest to home, but there is a tendency among parents to send their children to educational institutions that are more prestigious from their point of view. If the school is more than two and a half kilometers away, then according to the law, the student (up to the 6th grade) must be brought back and forth by taxi at the expense of the municipality. The school gives out textbooks and all stationery free of charge and teaches the Trondian language, mathematics, natural science, and home economics. Education in the basics of religion (Protestantism or Catholicism) occurs only with parental consent and in accordance with the religion. Atheists have the right to allow secular ethics to be taught to a child, and if objected, children are exempt from any of the courses. The library shelves are in the hallway and are freely accessible.

Kuršovsk State University

There are no grades in the lower grades; verbal gradation is used: excellent, good, changeable and “training required”. Starting from the 4th grade, grades are put in the range from 4 to 10 points. There are also grades for behavior - the ability to work in a group and alone, good breeding, and the desire to influence others for the better.
From grade 3, the first foreign language is added to the subjects - English. A foreign-speaking child (for example, from an immigrant family) is entitled to learn his native language from the first grade.

In the lower grades, subjects are combined (chemistry with physics and biology, language with literature) and home economics is taught to everyone, regardless of gender. They write a lot in the school: all kinds of essays are designed to teach the child to have his own opinion on each issue and to express it in literary language.

After graduating from school, a young person can continue his studies at a gymnasium, where his studies end with an examination for a matriculation certificate, or enter a secondary vocational educational institution.
As of 2013, 358 higher educational institutions operated in Eastarland: 174 universities, 180 specialized institutes (they study technology, business and economics, art), and 4 military academies.

Higher education, like primary education, is completely free for citizens of the country, as well as exchange students. For other groups of students, paid tuition has been introduced since 2016, the cost of which will be ~ 4 thousand ducats per year.

State structure

Eastarland is a Unitary Kingdom, consisting of 18 Crown Lands (Kronelandeter) and Klausberg Metropolitan Region , Crown Lands can be divided into counties (Fylker), districts into cities and communities (Kommuner), some communities into urban areas (Urbanmrōder). The main units of local administration are communities. Below is a list of the crown lands.

Administrative division

Crown Lands	Coat of Arms	Centre	Population
Klausberg		Klausberg	3,170,613
Zūdderhafen		Nortvik	6,634,495
Dōnolag		Ongerhamn	5,493,482
Lōwien		Kongshelm	5,460,321
Oldermark		Merhagen	5,220,904
Flōstmark		Flyrō	5,163,918
Nedebrad		Brynefjord	6,042,138
Kiraikjord		Rostvik	5,884,460
Ōsallandet		Kristianshavn	6,342,112
Egenland		Frynsvog	5,987,343
Lusivec		Brennesberg	3,880,613
Safeks		Ussland	6,113,008
Paringien		Maesund	4,884,460
Dorhenhoff		Haslōyn	5,342,112
Rogenfoll		Eienfjord	4,144,340
Ōienvikket		Lynde	4,114,655
Trynset		Svetgaden	5,250,765
Rjumark		Hainsberg	3,149,307
Koberfjord		Osfjord	3,149,307

Government

Eastarland is a unitary constitutional monarchy. The main law of the state is the constitution, adopted on May 17, 1855. It regulates the functioning of the Kingdom's authorities: it establishes a monarchical constitutional-parliamentary form of government

The political structure of Eastarland consists of the Monarch, who is the head of state, the Prime Minister of Eastarland, the government, the head of which is the Prime Minister, the parliament, which consists of two chambers: the Kōninstag and the Senate, and the Constitutional Council.

At the local level, power is represented by the leadership of the Crown Lands, counties, and communes.

Constitution

The Constitution of Eastarland regulates the relationship between the legislative and executive branches, and also enshrines the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens. The constitution consists of four basic laws:

The Form of Government Act guarantees citizens the right to hold demonstrations, form political parties and practice their religion.

The Act of Succession defines the rights of members of the Farenburg dynasty to the Eastarlandian throne.

The Freedom of the Press Act establishes the principles of an open society and guarantees general access to official information. According to it, anyone has the right to access the documents of the Kōninstag, the government and other state bodies, including any financial statements. Another important principle of the Freedom of the Press Act is freedom of information transfer, which means that Eastarlandian citizens have the right to provide any information to the media. At the same time, a journalist or publisher has no right to disclose his source if the person who provided it wishes to remain anonymous.

The Freedom of Expression Act, which came into force in 1992, largely reflects the principles already enshrined in the Freedom of the Press Act, such as the unconditional prohibition on censorship, freedom of transfer of information and the right to anonymity.

The provisions of the Constitution take precedence over all other legislative acts, and no law can contradict it. In order to amend the Constitution, the Kōninstag must adopt it in two readings - before and after the next parliamentary elections.

Executive power

The head of state and the head of the executive branch of government is the Monarch, currently Frederik XI. In Eastarland, the Prime Minister is responsible for current domestic and economic policy and has the authority to issue general decrees. He is considered to be responsible for government policy. The Prime Minister directs government activities and enforces laws.

Helena Hoffmann , Prime Minister of Eastarland

The Prime Minister is appointed by the monarch. The confirmation of his candidacy by the States General is not required, since the Kōninstag has the right to declare a vote of no confidence in the government at any time. Usually the Prime Minister represents the party with the majority of seats in the Kōninstag. The Prime Minister draws up a list of ministers in his cabinet and submits it to the Monarch for approval.

The Prime Minister initiates the adoption of laws in the Kōninstag and ensures their implementation, he is also responsible for national defense. The Prime Minister replaces the Monarch as Chairman of Councils and Committees.

Since July 2, 2019, the government is headed by Helena Hoffmann.

Legislature

Arne Bakken , President of the Senate

Legislative power in Eastarland belongs to the States General, which includes two chambers - the Senate and the Kōninstag.

The Senate, whose members are elected by indirect universal suffrage, consists of 350 senators. Senators are elected for four-year terms by members of the provincial councils every four years, following the proportional elections to the provincial councils. The last Senate elections took place on September 6, 2019. The President of the Senate is Arne Bakken.

Emilia Orenstein , Chairman of the Kōninstag

The Kōninstag consists of 500 deputies, whose deputies are elected on the basis of direct universal suffrage for a period of 4 years, therefore, in case of leaving the party, a deputy can remain independent or join another. The last elections for the Kōninstag deputies took place on June 12, 2019. The Chairman of the Kōninstag is Emilia Orenstein.

In addition to their function of overseeing government activities, both chambers develop and pass laws. In case of disagreement, the final decision rests with Kōninstag.

Judicial branch

The highest court in criminal and civil justice is the Supreme Court in Lapož. One step below are the Highest Land Courts (hereinafter land courts and the lowest level of the judicial system - district courts).

The highest court of administrative justice is the Administrative Court in Kuršovsk, the courts of appeal of administrative justice are the Supreme Administrative Courts in Nedebrad, Safeks and Vaiesmužī are the administrative courts of justice, the courts of first instance of administrative justice are the administrative courts.

The highest court of labor justice is the Labor Court, the courts of appeal of labor justice are land labor courts, and the courts of first instance of labor justice are labor courts.

The highest court of social justice is the Social Court, the courts of appeal of social justice are the land social courts (one for each land), the courts of first instance of social justice are the social courts.

The highest court of financial justice is the Financial Court in Paernau, the state financial courts are the financial courts.

There is also a copyright court - a Patent Court, an official discipline court.

Prosecutorial oversight bodies are the Prosecutor General under the Supreme Court, Prosecutors General of Lands, prosecutors of district courts.

Migration policy

After a series of terrorist acts in the world, the government has consistently tightened immigration laws. Anti-immigration measures have significantly reduced the inflow of certain categories of migrants to Eastarland. In particular, in 2018, 4198 entry permits for family reunification were issued, which is 70% less than in 2013, and 1038 people were granted political asylum (82.5% less). At the same time, over the period 2013-2018, the number of those who received a study visa increased from 10 to 28.4 thousand people (an increase of 2.8 times), and those who entered on a work visa - from 5.9 to 12.8 thousand people (an increase 100%). In 2019, the measures were further tightened - in particular, a point system was introduced for spouses of immigrants wishing to enter the country.

Economy

Industry

Extraction of iron and uranium ores, bauxite is carried out. Leading manufacturing industries are mechanical engineering, including automotive, electrical and electronic (TVs, washing machines, etc.), aviation, shipbuilding (tankers, sea ferries) and machine tools. Eastarland is one of the world's largest manufacturers of chemical and petrochemical products (including synthetic rubber, plastics, mineral fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and others), ferrous and non-ferrous (aluminum, lead and zinc) metals. Eastarlandian clothing and footwear, jewelry, cheeses are well known in the world market (about 700 varieties are produced).

Agriculture

Eastarland has a highly productive agriculture. It occupies a leading position in the world in terms of agricultural production, grain production, livestock products and milk. Eastarland is a land of predominantly small family farms. Agricultural production efficiency is very high. At the same time Eastarland lags behind in the average yield of corn and sugar beet. In the agro-industrial complex, agriculture plays a subordinate role.

Livestock breeding provides about 70% of marketable agricultural products. Cattle breeding is the main branch of animal husbandry, it provides more than 2/5 of all marketable agricultural products, with the main part being milk (about ¼). Pig breeding is in second place. The country's self-sufficiency in milk and beef systematically exceeds 100%, but in pork it is less than 4/5.

Dairy and beef cattle breeding is most typical for well-moistened coastal areas, rich in meadows and pastures, as well as for the periphery of urban agglomerations. Due to the rather cold winter, stall keeping is common. Pig breeding is developed everywhere, but especially in areas close to the ports of import of imported feed, areas of sugar beet, potato and fodder root crops cultivation. Broiler production, production of eggs, veal, and pig breeding are concentrated in large livestock farms, the location of which depends little on natural factors. There are much more fodder crops than food crops, since a large amount of fodder grains, especially corn, are imported. However, the country ranked (2014) seventh in the world in terms of wheat exports (8.2 million tons). Of great importance is the cultivation of fodder root crops (fodder beets, etc.), corn for green fodder and silage, alfalfa, clover and other fodder grasses. Of the oilseeds, the most important is rapeseed, the crops of which are more than 10 times higher than those of sunflower.

In areas with high natural soil fertility, the main crops are wheat, barley, maize and sugar beets. The poorer soils of the Northern Lowland and the middle-altitude mountains are traditionally used for sowing rye, oats, potatoes and natural forage crops. The traditional nature of Eastarlandian agriculture has significantly changed technological progress. Today, the so-called light soils are valued more, due to their suitability for machine cultivation, using artificial fertilizers; for example, corn is now widely cultivated in the Northern Lowlands, where it replaces potatoes.

Viticulture surpasses, in marketable products, fruit growing and vegetable growing combined. Vineyards are located mainly in the valleys of Glomelv, Kolymelven and other rivers.

Extractive industry

Forests make up more than 20% of the territory. There are 79 tree species in the Eastarland.

Eastarland has significant reserves of iron ore, uranium ores, bauxite, potash and rock salts, coal, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, oil, timber. The main coal mining regions are Safeks and the Egenland coal basins. Eastarlandian proven brown coal reserves were 40.5 billion tonnes. Since 1994, imports of coal have exceeded production. Gas production does not exceed 3 billion m³. One of the largest Eastarland gas fields is Olger in Dōnolag. "East Oil&Gas" is one of the largest gas and oil companies in Eastarland. The main activities of the company are exploration, production, marketing and distribution of natural gas and oil.

Transport and Energy

Transport

Railway transport Eastarland rail transport is highly developed. Local and overnight trains, including high-speed trains, connect the capital with all major cities in the country, as well as with neighboring countries. The speed of these trains is 320 km / h. The railway network is 51,850 km long and is one of the longest railway networks. Rail links exist with all neighboring countries. Metro is available in Klausberg, Nortvik, Ongerhamn, Merhagen, Sudsvoll. In Ussland- partly underground light rail.

Automobile transport

After winning the 2016 elections in Kōninstag, and forming a majority coalition with the Peasant Union, the Green Party banned all non-electric cars. Also, the cost of roads was reduced, but more attention was paid to public transport, railways, etc. The road network does not cover the entire territory of the country. The total length of highways is 610,500 km.

The main roads are divided into the following groups:

Motorways - The name of the road is made up of the letter A followed by the road number. Permissible speed - 130 km / h, obligatory filling stations every 50 km, concrete dividing strip, absence of traffic lights, pedestrian crossings. National roads - prefix N. Permissible speed - 90 km / h (if there is a concrete dividing strip - 110 km / h). Department roads - prefix D. Permissible speed - 90 km / h. In cities, the permissible speed is 50 km / h. The use of seat belts is mandatory. Children under 10 years old must be transported in special seats.

Air transport Eastarland has about 475 airports. 325 of them have asphalt or concrete runways, and the remaining 150 are unpaved (data for 2017). The largest airport is the «Klausberg» located in the suburbs of Klausberg. The national Eastarlandian airline «EastarAir» operates flights to almost every country in the world.

Energy

About 99% of the country's population is supplied with electricity. National electricity needs are met almost entirely at the expense of our own capacities; a small part of the electricity produced is exported.

Most of the electricity - 67.79% - is generated at thermal power plants, including 44.9% using coal, 26.5% - oil and 15.8% - natural gas. Hydroelectric power plants account for 20.35% of production, while nuclear power plants account for 11.80%. Solar energy accounts for about 0.03%. Less than 0.01% comes from wind farms.