Northern Ivili Language: Difference between revisions

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TBA
TBA


{{IPA pulmonic consonants|caption=|affricates=no|notes=no}}
== Phonology ==
{| class="wikitable" style="background:transparent;text-align:center;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%"
!rowspan="2"<!--style="border-bottom:none; width: 60px; padding-bottom:0; text-align:right;"-->{{diagonal split header|[[wikipedia:Manner of articulation|Manner]]|[[wikipedia:Place of articulation|Place]]}} <!--→-->
!colspan="5"|[[wikipedia:Labial consonant|Labial]]
!colspan="10"|[[wikipedia:Coronal consonant|Coronal]]
!colspan="5"|[[wikipedia:Dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
!colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Laryngeal consonant|Laryngeal]]
|-
<!--|bgcolor=#EAECF0 style="border-top:none; width: 60px; padding-top:0; text-align:center;"|'''[[wikipedia:Manner of articulation|Manner]] ↓-->
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Linguolabial consonant|Linguolabial]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Dental consonant|Dental]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Postalveolar consonant|Postal-veolar]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Velar consonant|Velar]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyngeal]]
|bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless bilabial nasal|m̥]]</big><br><nowiki>(m)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]</big><br><nowiki>(m)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar nasals|n]]</big><br><nowiki>(n)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced retroflex nasal|ɳ]]</big><br><nowiki>(n)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ƞ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Plosive|Plosive]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]]</big><br><nowiki>(p)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced bilabial plosive|b]]</big><br><nowiki>(b)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless dental and alveolar plosives|t]]</big><br><nowiki>(t)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental and alveolar plosives|d]]</big><br><nowiki>(d)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless retroflex plosive|ʈ]]</big><br><nowiki>(t)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced retroflex plosive|ɖ]]</big><br><nowiki>(d)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless palatal plosive|c]]</big><br><nowiki>(ꞇ)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal plosive|ɟ]]</big><br><nowiki>(đ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless velar plosive|k]]</big><br><nowiki>(k)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced velar plosive|g]]</big><br><nowiki>(g)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless uvular plosive|q]]</big><br><nowiki>(q)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Sibilant|Sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar affricate#Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate|t͡s]]</big><br><nowiki>(c)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced alveolar affricate#Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate|d͡z]]</big><br><nowiki>(ƌ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|t͡ʃ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ч)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced postalveolar affricate|d͡ʒ]]</big><br><nowiki>(џ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<!--<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless retroflex affricate|t͡ʂ]]</big> ~ --><big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless retroflex affricate|ʈ͡ʂ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ч)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<!--<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced retroflex affricate|d͡ʐ]]</big> ~ --><big>[[wikipedia:Voiced retroflex affricate|ɖ͡ʐ]]</big><br><nowiki>(џ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate|t͡ɕ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ч)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate|d͡ʑ]]</big><br><nowiki>(џ)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
<!--|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Non-[[wikipedia:Sibilant|sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Sibilant|Sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar fricative#Voiceless alveolar sibilants|s]]</big><br><nowiki>(s)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced alveolar fricative#Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]</big><br><nowiki>(z)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ш)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ʒ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless retroflex fricative|ʂ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ш)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced retroflex fricative|ʐ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ʒ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative|ɕ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ш)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative|ʑ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ʒ)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Non-[[wikipedia:Sibilant|sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]]</big><br><nowiki>(f)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]]</big><br><nowiki>(v)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]]</big><br><nowiki>(þ)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental fricative|ð]]</big><br><nowiki>(þ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal fricative|ʝ]]</big><br><nowiki>(j)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless velar fricative|x]]</big><br><nowiki>(ȝ)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced velar fricative|ɣ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ȝ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless uvular fricative|χ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ȝ)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]]</big><br><nowiki>(h)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced glottal fricative|ɦ]]</big><br><nowiki>(h)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Approximant|Approximant]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced labiodental approximant|ʋ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ƿ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]</big><br><nowiki>(j)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced labial–velar approximant|w]]</big><br><nowiki>(ƿ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Tap and flap consonants|Tap/Flap]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar tap and flap|ɾ̥]]</big><br><nowiki>(r)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps#Voiced alveolar tap and flap|ɾ]]</big><br><nowiki>(r)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Trill consonant|Trill]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar trill|r̥]]</big> <nowiki>(r)</nowiki>'''<br>'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar trill#Voiceless alveolar fricative trill|r̝̊]]</big> <nowiki>(ꝛ)</nowiki>'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills#Voiced alveolar trill|r]]</big> <nowiki>(r)</nowiki>'''<br>'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills#Voiced alveolar fricative trill|r̝]]</big> <nowiki>(ꝛ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
<!--|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Approximant|approximant]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants|l]]</big><br><nowiki>(l)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal lateral approximant|ȴ]]</big><br><nowiki>(λ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced velar lateral approximant|ʟ]]</big><br><nowiki>(λ)</nowiki>
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
<!--|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Tap and flap consonants|tap/flap]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
<!--|style="border-right:none; padding-right:0;"|
|style="border-left:none; padding-left:0;"|
|style="border-right:none; padding-right:0;"|<big>[[wikipedia:]]</big>
|style="border-left:none; padding-left:0;"|<big>[[wikipedia:]]</big>-->
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="background:transparent;text-align:center;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%"
!Tongue position
!bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Front vowel|Front]]
!bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|Near-[[wikipedia:Front vowel|front]]
!bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Central vowel|Central]]
!bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|Near-[[wikipedia:Back vowel|back]]
!bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Back vowel|Back]]
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Close vowel|Close]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]</big><br><nowiki>(i)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Close front rounded vowel|y]]</big><br><nowiki>(y)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close central unrounded vowel|ɨ]]</big><br><nowiki>(y)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big><br><nowiki>(u)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Near-close vowel|Near-close]]
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Near-close near-front unrounded vowel|ɪ]]</big><br><nowiki>(i)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]</big><br><nowiki>(є)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]</big><br><nowiki>(o)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Mid vowel|Mid]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|colspan="2"|<big>[[wikipedia:Mid central vowel|ə]]</big><br><nowiki>(e)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ]]</big><br><nowiki>(e)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid back unrounded vowel|ʌ]]</big><br><nowiki>(o)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]]</big><br><nowiki>(o)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Near-open vowel|Near-open]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Near-open front unrounded vowel|æ]]</big><br><nowiki>(e)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|colspan="2"|<big>[[wikipedia:Near-open central vowel|ɐ]]</big><br><nowiki>(a)</nowiki>
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Open vowel|Open]]
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big><br><nowiki>(a)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
|style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]]</big><br><nowiki>(a)</nowiki>
|style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|<big>[[wikipedia:Open back rounded vowel|ɒ]]</big><br><nowiki>(a)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Diphthong|Diphthong]]
|colspan="10"|<big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big> <nowiki>(au)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big> <nowiki>(eu)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big> <nowiki>(єu)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big> <nowiki>(ou)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big> <nowiki>(ou)</nowiki> ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]</big> <nowiki>(ө)</nowiki>''' ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]]</big> <nowiki>(ө)</nowiki>''' ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]</big> <nowiki>(ae)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]</big> <nowiki>(ai)</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Vowel length|Long vowels]]
|colspan="10"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|aː]]</big> <nowiki>(a)</nowiki>''' ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛː]]</big> <nowiki>(e)</nowiki>''' ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|eː]]</big> <nowiki>(є)</nowiki> ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|iː]]</big> <nowiki>(i)</nowiki>''' ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Near-close near-front unrounded vowel|ɪː]]</big> <nowiki>(i)</nowiki>''' ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid back rounded vowel|oː]]</big> <nowiki>(o)</nowiki> ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔː]]</big> <nowiki>(o)</nowiki>''' ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|uː]]</big> <nowiki>(u)</nowiki>''' ~ '''<big>[[wikipedia:Close central unrounded vowel|ɨː]]</big> <nowiki>(y)</nowiki>'''
|}
'''<big>Bold</big>''' ''are the common sounds, while'' <big>regular</big> ''sounds may happen in dialects and/or in a world for easier pronunciation

Revision as of 00:02, 10 June 2022

Ivili
TBA
Native toFlatstone
Region
  • TBA
Native speakers
8.7 Million (2018)
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
TBA
Language codes
ISO 639-3ivl
LinguasphereTBA
File:TBA
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

TBA

History

TBA

Geographic distribution

TBA

Classification

TBA

Regional variants

TBA

Phonology

Labial Coronal Dorsal Laryngeal
Bilabial Labiodental Linguolabial Dental Alveolar Postal-veolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Nasal m̥
(m) 		m
(m) 		n
(n) 		ɳ
(n) 		ɲ
(ƞ)
Plosive p
(p) 		b
(b) 		t
(t) 		d
(d) 		ʈ
(t) 		ɖ
(d) 		c
(ꞇ) 		ɟ
(đ) 		k
(k) 		g
(g) 		q
(q)
Sibilant affricate t͡s
(c) 		d͡z
(ƌ) 		t͡ʃ
(ч) 		d͡ʒ
(џ) 		ʈ͡ʂ
(ч) 		ɖ͡ʐ
(џ) 		t͡ɕ
(ч) 		d͡ʑ
(џ)
Sibilant fricative s
(s) 		z
(z) 		ʃ
(ш) 		ʒ
(ʒ) 		ʂ
(ш) 		ʐ
(ʒ) 		ɕ
(ш) 		ʑ
(ʒ)
Non-sibilant fricative f
(f) 		v
(v) 		θ
(þ) 		ð
(þ) 		ʝ
(j) 		x
(ȝ) 		ɣ
(ȝ) 		χ
(ȝ) 		h
(h) 		ɦ
(h)
Approximant ʋ
(ƿ) 		j
(j) 		w
(ƿ)
Tap/Flap ɾ̥
(r) 		ɾ
(r)
Trill r̥ (r)
r̝̊ (ꝛ) 		r (r)
r̝ (ꝛ)
Latelar approximant l
(l) 		ȴ
(λ) 		ʟ
(λ)
Tongue position Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close i
(i) 		y
(y) 		ɨ
(y) 		u
(u)
Near-close ɪ
(i)
Close-mid e
(є) 		o
(o)
Mid ə
(e)
Open-mid ɛ
(e) 		ʌ
(o) 		ɔ
(o)
Near-open æ
(e) 		ɐ
(a)
Open a
(a) 		ɑ
(a) 		ɒ
(a)
Diphthong a͡u (au) ~ ɛ͡u (eu) ~ e͡u (єu) ~ o͡u (ou) ~ ɔ͡u (ou) ~ u͡o (ө) ~ u͡ɔ (ө) ~ a͡e (ae) ~ a͡i (ai)
Long vowels aː (a) ~ ɛː (e) ~ eː (є) ~ iː (i) ~ ɪː (i) ~ oː (o) ~ ɔː (o) ~ uː (u) ~ ɨː (y)

Bold are the common sounds, while regular sounds may happen in dialects and/or in a world for easier pronunciation

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