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| === Phonetics === | | === Phonetics === |
| {| class="wikitable" style="background:transparent;text-align:center;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%" | | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
| !rowspan="2"<!--style="border-bottom:none; width: 60px; padding-bottom:0; text-align:right;"-->{{diagonal split header|[[wikipedia:Manner of articulation|Manner]]|[[wikipedia:Place of articulation|Place]]}} <!--→-->
| |
| !colspan="5"|[[wikipedia:Labial consonant|Labial]]
| |
| !colspan="10"|[[wikipedia:Coronal consonant|Coronal]]
| |
| !colspan="5"|[[wikipedia:Dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
| |
| !colspan="4"|[[wikipedia:Laryngeal consonant|Laryngeal]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| <!--|bgcolor=#EAECF0 style="border-top:none; width: 60px; padding-top:0; text-align:center;"|'''[[wikipedia:Manner of articulation|Manner]] ↓-->
| | ! |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] | | ! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}} |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Labiodental consonant|Labiodental]] | | ! {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}} |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Linguolabial consonant|Linguolabial]]
| | ! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}} |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Dental consonant|Dental]]
| | ! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}} |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Postalveolar consonant|Postal-veolar]] | |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Velar consonant|Velar]] | |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyngeal]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|'''[[wikipedia:Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | | ! {{wp|Plosive}} |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPAlink|p}} ⟨p⟩<br>{{IPAlink|b}} ⟨b⟩ |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]</big><br><nowiki>(m)</nowiki> | | | {{IPAlink|t}} ⟨t⟩<br>{{IPAlink|d}} ⟨d⟩ |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | | | {{IPAlink|k}} ⟨k⟩<br>{{IPAlink|ɡ}} ⟨g⟩ |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar nasals|n]]</big><br><nowiki>(n)</nowiki> | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Plosive|Plosive]] | | ! {{wp|Fricative}} |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]]</big><br><nowiki>(p)</nowiki>
| | | {{IPAlink|v}} ⟨v⟩ |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced bilabial plosive|b]]</big><br><nowiki>(b)</nowiki>
| | | {{IPAlink|s}} ⟨s⟩ |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | | | {{IPAlink|ʃ}} ⟨ş⟩ |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | | | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless dental and alveolar plosives|t]]</big><br><nowiki>(t)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental and alveolar plosives|d]]</big><br><nowiki>(d)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless velar plosive|k]]</big><br><nowiki>(k)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced velar plosive|g]]</big><br><nowiki>(g)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Sibilant|Sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
| | ! {{wp|Nasal}} |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPAlink|m}} ⟨m⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPAlink|n}} ⟨n⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| <!--|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Non-[[wikipedia:Sibilant|sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Sibilant|Sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]] | | ! {{wp|Approximant}} |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPAlink|l}} ⟨l⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPAlink|j}} ⟨j⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless alveolar fricative#Voiceless alveolar sibilants|s]]</big><br><nowiki>(s)</nowiki> | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]]</big><br><nowiki>(ш)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |- | | |- |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''Non-[[wikipedia:Sibilant|sibilant]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]]</big><br><nowiki>(v)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Approximant|Approximant]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]</big><br><nowiki>(j)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Tap and flap consonants|Tap/Flap]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
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| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Trill consonant|Trill]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| <!--|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Affricate|affricate]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Fricative|fricative]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Approximant|approximant]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants|l]]</big><br><nowiki>(l)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| <!--|-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Lateral consonant|Latelar]] [[wikipedia:Tap and flap consonants|tap/flap]]
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; border-left:none; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''-->
| |
| <!--|style="border-right:none; padding-right:0;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0;"|
| |
| |style="border-right:none; padding-right:0;"|<big>[[wikipedia:]]</big>
| |
| |style="border-left:none; padding-left:0;"|<big>[[wikipedia:]]</big>-->
| |
| |} | | |} |
| {| class="wikitable" style="background:transparent;text-align:center;font-weight:normal;font-size:100%" | | |
| !Tongue position | | {| class="wikitable" |
| !bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Front vowel|Front]] | | ! | |
| !bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|Near-[[wikipedia:Front vowel|front]] | | ! {{wp|Front vowel|Front}} |
| !bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Central vowel|Central]]
| | ! {{wp|Back vowel|back}} |
| !bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|Near-[[wikipedia:Back vowel|back]]
| | |- align="center" |
| !bgcolor=#EAECF0 colspan="2"|[[wikipedia:Back vowel|Back]]
| | ! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}} |
| |-
| | | |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Close vowel|Close]]
| | | {{IPA link|u}} ⟨u⟩ |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | | |- align="center" |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| | ! {{wp|Close-mid vowel|Close-mid}} |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|i}} ⟨e⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPA link|o}} ⟨o⟩ |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | |- align="center" |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | ! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}} |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| | | {{IPA link|a}} ⟨a⟩ |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close back rounded vowel|u]]</big><br><nowiki>(u)</nowiki>
| |
| |- | |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Near-close vowel|Near-close]] | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |- | |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]</big><br><nowiki>(є)</nowiki> | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]</big><br><nowiki>(o)</nowiki> | |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Mid vowel|Mid]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|''' | |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Near-open vowel|Near-open]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |colspan="2"|
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Open vowel|Open]]
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''<big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big><br><nowiki>(a)</nowiki>
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |bgcolor=#DDDDDD style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|'''
| |
| |style="border-right:none; width: 50px; padding-right:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |style="border-left:none; width: 50px; padding-left:0; text-align:center;"|
| |
| |-
| |
| |bgcolor=#EAECF0|'''[[wikipedia:Diphthong|Diphthong]]
| |
| |colspan="10"|<big>[[wikipedia:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]</big> <nowiki>(ei)</nowiki> ~ <big>[[wikipedia:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]</big>͡<big>[[wikipedia:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]</big> <nowiki>(ai)</nowiki>
| |
| |- | | |- |
| | ! {{wp|Diphthong|Diphthongs}} |
| | | colspan="2" | {{IPA link|eɪ̯}} ⟨ā⟩, {{IPA link|aɪ̯}}⟨ī⟩ |
| |} | | |} |
|
| |
|