Atitlan: Difference between revisions
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=== Independence === | === Independence === | ||
=== | === 19th century === | ||
''Main Article: [[Atitlanese Empire]]'' | ''Main Article: [[Atitlanese Empire]]'' | ||
After it gained independence from the [[Almagria|Almagrian Empire]], there were many attempts to form a federalized union amongst the greater territories of Atitlan. These efforts were hindered by outbreaks of violence and disagreements between the several separatist groups. In 1800, just a year after the consumation of independence, Atitlan would enter a major conflict known as the [[Sucession War]] (Almagrian: ''Guerra de Sucesión''). After 12 years of unrest and disorder, a monarchist faction under the guidance of General José Luis Motelchiuh emerged as the official victors of the conflict. | After it gained independence from the [[Almagria|Almagrian Empire]], there were many attempts to form a federalized union amongst the greater territories of Atitlan. These efforts were hindered by outbreaks of violence and disagreements between the several separatist groups.<ref name="Canizales, Alma. (2007).">Canizales, Alma. (2007). ''Atitlan del siglo XIX'' (3era ed.)</ref> In 1800, just a year after the consumation of independence, Atitlan would enter a major conflict known as the [[Sucession War]] (Almagrian: ''Guerra de Sucesión''). After 12 years of unrest and disorder, a monarchist faction under the guidance of General José Luis Motelchiuh emerged as the official victors of the conflict.<ref name="Rodríguez, Bartolomé. (1992).">Rodríguez, Bartolomé. (2007). ''Las guerras separatistas de la joven Atitlan''</ref> | ||
On February 19, 1813, Motelchiuh proclaimed himself'' {{wp|Tlatoani|Huey | On February 19, 1813, Motelchiuh proclaimed himself'' {{wp|Tlatoani|Huey Tlatoani}}'' Xochiquentzin II and hold his coronation on the Palace of the Nation. The following day, he proclaimed the Great Empire of Atitlan (Almagrian: ''Gran Imperio de Atitlán'')<ref name="Acta del Gran Imperio de Atitlán (1813)">Acta del Gran Imperio de Atitlán</ref> alongside a new constitution <ref name="Constitución Política del Gran Imperio de Atitlán (1813)"> Constitución Política del Gran Imperio de Atitlán</ref> and legislature, akin to a modern-day {{wp|Constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchy}}. The newly established monarchs were to be chosen by the Council of Elders<ref name="Kiuiáké, Xochitl (2016).">Kiuiáké, Xochitl (2016). ''La superviviencia de las tradiciones políticas de la vieja Atitlan'' (UNAA)</ref>, which also decided the next monarch, albeit this only happened on extraordinary circumstances, as most tlatoanis proclaimed their descendants as heirs. The territory of the empire, organized as a union of the current territories of Atitlán, [[Sainuco]], [[Abala]] and [[Bergenaria]]. | ||
The | The formation and colonial ambitions of the empire prompted the so-called "Atitlanese Golden Era" (Almagrian: ''Era Dorada de Atitlán'')<ref name="Canizales, Alma. (2007).">Canizales, Alma. (2007). ''Atitlan del siglo XIX'' (3era ed.)</ref>, which lasted until circa the 1850s. During this golden era, Atitlan became one of the fastest growing empires in Triania. Internal political and territorial divisions led to the independence of Abala and Bergenaria, in the called ''[[Divorcio Nacional|Divorcio Nacional]]'', a five year conflict that ended in a rebel victory. After losing both territories, Imperial forces set out to suppress the rest of the rebellions. Adding to this, internal divisions remained between monarchist and liberal political forces, occasionally igniting very bloody civil wars, the most significant being the [[Five Hundred Days' War]] (1863-1864).<ref name="Gonzalo, Jorge. (2001).">Gonzalo, Jorge. (2001). ''El imperio de los golpes''</ref> | ||
In the 1870s, Atitlan, under the guidance of ''Huey Cihuatlatoani'' Ixtaccíhuatl (the first queen of Atitlan), began a new transition known as the Atitlanese Renaissance (Almagrian: ''Renacimiento Atitlanés''), devoted to rebuilding lost industrial capacity: major investments were made in the naval industry, coal and steel. This renaissance of Atitlanese economy, culture and identity would have major consecuences in the society that are still felt to this very day. In the final days of [[World War 1 (Elezia)|World War I]], Bergenaria and Atitlan would have their first major conflict. Both nations would have another major clash during [[World War II (Elezia)|World War II]], both occasions ending with an Atitlanese victory, and the capital of Bergenaria being relocated in the latter conflict. Even before said conflicts, signs of the empire's decline were felt and seen abroad. | |||
=== 2Oth century === | |||
Atitlanese culture and economy stagnated and colonial ambitions began to fade away in favor of internal issues. Under the Huey Tlatoani Atotoztli V, the remaining provinces of [[Mava]] and [[Sainuco]] were granted independence peacefully, virtually ending the empire. Officially however, the Great Empire of Aititlan ended on 1946, after a controversial referendum abolished the monarchy and a republic established in her place. After 133 years, the Great Empire of Atitlan ceased to exist. | Atitlanese culture and economy stagnated and colonial ambitions began to fade away in favor of internal issues. Under the Huey Tlatoani Atotoztli V, the remaining provinces of [[Mava]] and [[Sainuco]] were granted independence peacefully, virtually ending the empire. Officially however, the Great Empire of Aititlan ended on 1946, after a controversial referendum abolished the monarchy and a republic established in her place. After 133 years, the Great Empire of Atitlan ceased to exist. | ||
=== 21st century === | |||
== Geography == | == Geography == | ||
Revision as of 11:31, 10 June 2023
Atitlan República Democrática de Atitlán | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| 'Motto: 'Un pueblo unido jamás será vencido A united people will never be defeated | |
| Anthem: "Atitlán, tierra de dioses" | |
 | |
| Capital | Chalatenango |
| Official languages | Almagrian de facto |
| Recognized languages | Almagrian and other indigenous languages |
| Ethnic groups | Atitlanese, Apanese, and other diverse groups. |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Atitlanese |
| Government | Federal presidential republic. |
• President of the Republic | Jesús Juárez Hurtado |
• Vice President of the Republic | Magdalena Cedillo Gómez |
| Legislature | Congreso Nacional |
| Senate | |
| Chamber of Deputies | |
| Independence | |
• Independence from: Almagrian Empire | 6 September 1791 |
• Consumation | 12 February 1799 |
• Establishment of the Atitlanese Empire | 20 February 1813 |
• Atitlanese Divorce | 31 June 1852 |
• Proclamation of the Republic | 21 November 1946 |
• El Lustro Trágico | 6 September 1951 |
| Area | |
• Total | [convert: invalid number] |
| Population | |
• 2020 census | 89,970,412 |
• Density | 47/km2 (121.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $1.274 trillion |
• Per capita | $20,567 |
| Gini (2016) | 33.0 medium |
| HDI (2019) | 0.805 very high |
| Currency | Atitlanese peso (ATP) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Internet TLD | .at |
Atitlan, officially the Democratic Republic of Atitlan (Almagrian: República Democrática de Atitlán) is a country in the southern portion of Triania. It is bordered to the east by Sainuco; to the souteast by Bergenaria; and to the south by the Barnesian Sea . Atitlan is organized as a federation comprising 42 states and Chalatenango, its capital and largest metropolis. Other major urban areas include Acolmán, Santa Rosalía, Techalxtepec, Tlapanco, Yehualtepec and Canatlán. Atitlan is home to 89,970,412 people and one of the largest nations in Triania.
Atitlan is a federal presidential republic. Legislature is in charge of a bicameral Congress: the Senate (serving as the upper house) and the Chamber of Deputies (serving as the lower house). The economy of Atitlan is very diversified, although it is heavily disputed whether it should be considered a regional power in Triania.
Etymology
Atitlan comes from the atlacatle word atitlan which means "place between the water". The name itself makes a reference to the former Atlacatle inhabitants on the foundation of Chalatenango, as the city was built surrounded by walls of sand and the waters of the Barnesian Sea.
Another origin explains that "Atitlan" is the name of the ancestral home of the Atlacatle peoples. The myth details that Atitlan sunk beneath the waves in a fit of rage of Nonohualco, the main god of the Atlacatle. As an apology, Nonohualco guided his children into a new place where they would settle their city.
History
Early history
Almagrian colony
Independence
19th century
Main Article: Atitlanese Empire
After it gained independence from the Almagrian Empire, there were many attempts to form a federalized union amongst the greater territories of Atitlan. These efforts were hindered by outbreaks of violence and disagreements between the several separatist groups.[1] In 1800, just a year after the consumation of independence, Atitlan would enter a major conflict known as the Sucession War (Almagrian: Guerra de Sucesión). After 12 years of unrest and disorder, a monarchist faction under the guidance of General José Luis Motelchiuh emerged as the official victors of the conflict.[2]
On February 19, 1813, Motelchiuh proclaimed himself Huey Tlatoani Xochiquentzin II and hold his coronation on the Palace of the Nation. The following day, he proclaimed the Great Empire of Atitlan (Almagrian: Gran Imperio de Atitlán)[3] alongside a new constitution [4] and legislature, akin to a modern-day constitutional monarchy. The newly established monarchs were to be chosen by the Council of Elders[5], which also decided the next monarch, albeit this only happened on extraordinary circumstances, as most tlatoanis proclaimed their descendants as heirs. The territory of the empire, organized as a union of the current territories of Atitlán, Sainuco, Abala and Bergenaria.
The formation and colonial ambitions of the empire prompted the so-called "Atitlanese Golden Era" (Almagrian: Era Dorada de Atitlán)[1], which lasted until circa the 1850s. During this golden era, Atitlan became one of the fastest growing empires in Triania. Internal political and territorial divisions led to the independence of Abala and Bergenaria, in the called Divorcio Nacional, a five year conflict that ended in a rebel victory. After losing both territories, Imperial forces set out to suppress the rest of the rebellions. Adding to this, internal divisions remained between monarchist and liberal political forces, occasionally igniting very bloody civil wars, the most significant being the Five Hundred Days' War (1863-1864).[6]
In the 1870s, Atitlan, under the guidance of Huey Cihuatlatoani Ixtaccíhuatl (the first queen of Atitlan), began a new transition known as the Atitlanese Renaissance (Almagrian: Renacimiento Atitlanés), devoted to rebuilding lost industrial capacity: major investments were made in the naval industry, coal and steel. This renaissance of Atitlanese economy, culture and identity would have major consecuences in the society that are still felt to this very day. In the final days of World War I, Bergenaria and Atitlan would have their first major conflict. Both nations would have another major clash during World War II, both occasions ending with an Atitlanese victory, and the capital of Bergenaria being relocated in the latter conflict. Even before said conflicts, signs of the empire's decline were felt and seen abroad.
2Oth century
Atitlanese culture and economy stagnated and colonial ambitions began to fade away in favor of internal issues. Under the Huey Tlatoani Atotoztli V, the remaining provinces of Mava and Sainuco were granted independence peacefully, virtually ending the empire. Officially however, the Great Empire of Aititlan ended on 1946, after a controversial referendum abolished the monarchy and a republic established in her place. After 133 years, the Great Empire of Atitlan ceased to exist.
21st century
Geography
Politics & Government
Economy
Demographics
Culture
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Canizales, Alma. (2007). Atitlan del siglo XIX (3era ed.)
- ↑ Rodríguez, Bartolomé. (2007). Las guerras separatistas de la joven Atitlan
- ↑ Acta del Gran Imperio de Atitlán
- ↑ Constitución Política del Gran Imperio de Atitlán
- ↑ Kiuiáké, Xochitl (2016). La superviviencia de las tradiciones políticas de la vieja Atitlan (UNAA)
- ↑ Gonzalo, Jorge. (2001). El imperio de los golpes