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====The Prince Liu Affair====
====The Prince Liu Affair====
[[File:Tjong Yong Hian, majoor der Chinezen te Medan, KITLV 3999.tiff|thumb|170px|Duke [[Ming Kyuin]] of Song.]]  In 1891 the factional conflict escalated when [[Deng Licheng|the 2nd Prince of Liu, Deng Licheng]] was revealed by the Shanshang clique to have illegaly diverted funds from the construction of the [[Baixiu]]-[[Daiping]] railway for personal construction projects. After several calls for him to resign were ignored by emperor Zhongshan the [[Duke of Song|the duke of Song]] and commander of the [[Southwestern military district]] [[Ming Kyuin]] decided to take manners into his owns hands. On the 14th of October he together with around 200 men of his personal guard ambushed the prince of Liu while he was on leaving his summer residence in [[Zanzhou]]. After a short skirmish Dengs guards were overwhelmed by the attackers, who forced both the prince and his enturage to kneel on the road in front of their palaquins. The duke of song than ebgan to read a prepared speech in which he declared that the prince of Liu had been sentenced to death for his "crimes against the empire and its people" as well as "his evil and treacherous character" which was "a danger to all that is moral and good".  
[[File:Tjong Yong Hian, majoor der Chinezen te Medan, KITLV 3999.tiff|thumb|170px|Duke [[Ming Kyuin]] of Song.]]  In 1891 the factional conflict escalated when [[Deng Licheng|the 2nd Prince of Liu, Deng Licheng]] was revealed by the Shanshang clique to have illegaly diverted funds from the construction of the [[Baixiu]]-[[Daiping]] railway for personal construction projects. After several calls for him to resign were ignored by emperor Zhongshan the [[Duke of Song|the duke of Song]] and commander of the [[Southwestern military district]] [[Ming Kyuin]] decided to take manners into his owns hands. On the 14th of October he together with around 200 men of his personal guard ambushed the prince of Liu while he was on leaving his summer residence in [[Zanzhou]]. After a short skirmish Dengs guards were overwhelmed by the attackers, who forced both the prince and his enturage to kneel on the road in front of their palaquins. The duke of song than ebgan to read a prepared speech in which he declared that the prince of Liu had been sentenced to death for his "crimes against the empire and its people" as well as "his evil and treacherous character" which was "a danger to all that is moral and good".  
Upon learning of the murder of his cousin emperor Zhongshan ordered the duke of Song to either surrender himself and everyone involved in the murder of his cousin to the imperial authorities ot expect retaliation. As Ming Kyuin refused this order Zhongshan ordered general [[Hong Yutin]] of the 3rd Banner of the [[Southwestern military district]] to arrest the duke. But Hong, also refused the order leading to the government in [[Pujing]] to officially declare the 5 provinces making up the southwestern military district in open rebellion against the crown. While some generals like [[Hu Cai of Wei|Hu Cai]] the [[Jimi of Wei|viceroy of Wei]] and [[Xiang Shi]], the [[duke of Wu]] followed the order and began mobilisng their troops towards the southwest but the general distrust of many viceroys and governours towards eachother meant that it came to skirmishes all over the country as the imperial armies had to brute force their entry into certain prefectures, cities or provinces.  
[[File:Liu Bingzhang.jpg|thumb|right|170px|The prince of Liu in 1890]]Upon learning of the murder of his cousin emperor Zhongshan ordered the duke of Song to either surrender himself and everyone involved in the murder of his cousin to the imperial authorities ot expect retaliation. As Ming Kyuin refused this order Zhongshan ordered general [[Hong Yutin]] of the 3rd Banner of the [[Southwestern military district]] to arrest the duke. But Hong, also refused the order leading to the government in [[Pujing]] to officially declare the 5 provinces making up the southwestern military district in open rebellion against the crown. While some generals like [[Hu Cai of Wei|Hu Cai]] the [[Jimi of Wei|viceroy of Wei]] and [[Xiang Shi]], the [[duke of Wu]] followed the order and began mobilisng their troops towards the southwest but the general distrust of many viceroys and governours towards eachother meant that it came to skirmishes all over the country as the imperial armies had to brute force their entry into certain prefectures, cities or provinces.  
In this general chaos many peasants and farmers, as well as those who lost their houses and businesses in the fighting boundled together in self defense corps who now also began attacking imperial soldiers and officials. Some of them, like the [[Armies of Divine Order]] had a religious background while organisations like the [[Blue Banner Party|Blue Banners]] were primarily driven by intellectuals and had larger ideological goals of creating a nuwean republic.  
In this general chaos many peasants and farmers, as well as those who lost their houses and businesses in the fighting boundled together in self defense corps who now also began attacking imperial soldiers and officials. Some of them, like the [[Armies of Divine Order]] had a religious background while organisations like the [[Blue Banner Party|Blue Banners]] were primarily driven by intellectuals and had larger ideological goals of creating a nuwean republic.  
The empire at this point was in such a chaotic state that any semblence of an central authority was gone, units of different generals, all sent to fight the duke of Song began attacking eachother instead, some provinces just declared independence from the empire while others just began attacking and annexing territories from their neighnouring provinces. Many of those rebellious commanders at this point also began appointing their own officials, administrators and officers to fill the posts lost by defection.
The empire at this point was in such a chaotic state that any semblence of an central authority was gone, units of different generals, all sent to fight the duke of Song began attacking eachother instead, some provinces just declared independence from the empire while others just began attacking and annexing territories from their neighnouring provinces. Many of those rebellious commanders at this point also began appointing their own officials, administrators and officers to fill the posts lost by defection.
====Initial Uprisings====
====Initial Uprisings====
[[File:Climb the west corner of Jinzhou castle 1894.png|thumb|170px|Wu troops climb the walls of the inner city of Nishang]]The combat between the factions escalated all throughout 1892 but the [[First battle of Nishang|battle of Nishang]] in May of 1893 ended any chance of the conflict being resolved peacefully was lost. In Nishang Wu troops overwhelmed the Cui garrison taking the city and executing many members of the Cui administration in the process. On the following day Xiang Shi, the duke of Wu arrived in the city and declared that the Cui had lost their {{wpl|mandate of heaven|claim to the imperial title}} and that instead he would now take over the imperial mantle as the first emperor of the [[Northern Wu|Wu-dynasty]]. Following his example Hu Cai of Wei and Ming Kyuin both also announced their ambitions to the imperial throne shortly aftwerwards. Imperial authority was almost entirely gone at this point and both banditry and disease ravaged the countryside. Even in the areas were the several splinter factions already had regained a semblance of authority as both extensive drafts and grain taxes also took a toll on the population.  
[[File:Climb the west corner of Jinzhou castle 1894.png|thumb|170px|Wu troops climb the walls of the inner city of Nishang]]The combat between the factions escalated all throughout 1892 but the [[First battle of Nishang|battle of Nishang]] in May of 1893 ended any chance of the conflict being resolved peacefully was lost. In Nishang Wu troops overwhelmed the Cui garrison taking the city and executing many members of the Cui administration in the process. On the following day Xiang Shi, the duke of Wu arrived in the city and declared that the Cui had lost their {{wpl|mandate of heaven|claim to the imperial title}} and that instead he would now take over the imperial mantle as the first emperor of the [[Northern Wu|Wu-dynasty]]. Following his example Hu Cai of Wei and Ming Kyuin both also announced their ambitions to the imperial throne shortly aftwerwards. Imperial authority was almost entirely gone at this point and both banditry and disease ravaged the countryside. Even in the areas were the several splinter factions already had regained a semblance of authority as both extensive drafts and grain taxes also took a toll on the population.  

Revision as of 12:30, 31 October 2023

Imperial Federation of Nuwea
要點華帝國聯邦
Yàodiǎnhuá dìguó liánbāng
Flag of Nuwea
Flag
of Nuwea
Coat of arms
CapitalPujing
LargestCapital
Official languagesHigh nuwean
Recognised national languages
Recognised regional languagesLiang
Ka
Ru
Tomali
GovernmentFederal Parliamentary Monarchy
Hu Jinfei of Wei
Su Ruogang
Council of Advisors
Imperial Yihui
Population
• 2022 estimate
840 Million
• 2022 census
839.895.941
GDP (PPP)2022 estimate
• Per capita
55,798 $
GDP (nominal)2022 estimate
• Total
31 Trillion $
• Per capita
36,361 $
CurrencyXian ((1 Xian= 3 Qian= 120 Yuan)
Date formatAZ, W, RY
Driving sideright
Calling code+66
Internet TLD.nu

The Federation of Nuwea(High nuwean:要點華帝國聯邦 Imperial standard transcription:Yàodiǎnhuá dìguó liánbāng)colloquially known as Nuwea (High nuwean:要點國) is a country located in south, southeast and eastern Agleia. The nation is split into 3 major regions by the Lan-Ding-Mountains, leading to large ecologic and climatic diversity in Nuwea. Administratively its divided into 6 constituent kingdoms, 3 special provinces, 36 provinces and 5 imperial cities. Pujing is both the capital and the largest city of Nuwea and the seat of the imperial clan and their court, the civillian government of the federation. Nuweas total population is approximately 840 million which makes it the X most populous country in the world. Modern Nuwea was formed after re-uniting the nation following a 44 year period of disunity that resulted from the collapse of the Cui -dynasty. Nuwea draws its lineage from the ancient Kingdom of Jin which was located in the coastal basin of modern day Lübin-province, it was considered to be mythical for a long time but recent archeological discoveries have brought evidence to light that suggests the opposite. The first polity to develop a structure like the one of later dynasties was the Xi-dynasty which was founded around 1800 BCE.

Etymology

The word "Nuwea" derives from the Nuo-dynasty which was the first one to openly engage in diplomacy and commerce with marisian powers. The official Name of the modern state is the "Imperial Federation of Nuwea" (High nuwean: 要點華帝國聯邦 Imperial standard transcription: Yàodiǎnhuá dìguó liánbāng) and just "Nuwea" or Yàodiǎnguó (要點國) in its short form. Yàodiǎnguó consists of Yàodiǎn (essential) and guó (state). The term is in use to describe the concept of a nuwean nation since the late Jiang-dynasty.

History

Kingdoms of Jin and Sui

The first state in the territory of modern Nuwea, the Jin formed along the estuary of the Dalü river in modern day Lübin-province.

Early imperial period

Middle imperial period

Kaixing wars

Modern imperial period

Warring states period

Industrialisation brought many problems to the Cui-empire, especially that of some local governours using the massive increase in taxation that developed as a product of the increase in production capacity. Especially in the coastal regions some viceroys even began to independently build up armies and naval forces. The central government was largely unable to intervene as it was both in the full rights of viceroys and governours to build up local security forces and as they were paid in a certain percentage of the total tax revenue instead of a fixed amount. But finally in 1878, after the Viceroy of Shuizhou Hu Xiang was arrested and discharged after attempting to independently sign a trade agreement with XXXX the government began cracking down on all "factionalist and seperatist" activities by governours, viceroys and military leaders. A great reform plan was announced which intailed the following points:

  1. Creation of a national council in which all governours and viceroys would be represented
  2. A general tax reform which would limit the power of governours in regards to taxation.
  3. Creation of the National infrastructure and railway agency whose approval would be needed for the construction of any major infrastructure project like a railway or harbour. It was also to asess all currently existing infrastructure and recommend improvements.
  4. Restrcition of the local security forces to a maximum of 15.000 men.

While some governours welcomed the new policy most saw it as unlawful restriction on their rights by a increasingly desperate central government. As emperor Cheng Gaozhong of Cui died in 1881 and was succeeded by his son Zhongshan some of the anti-reform governours became hopeful that they could influence the rather young new emperor to roll back some of his fathers reforms and allow for more autonomy in the provinces again. During the early reign of Zhongshan several factions of high ranking government officials emerged that attempted to sway imperial favour in their direction. Most prominet among them was the Shanshang clique led by Zhang Yuanhong, at the time viceroy of Fushan, who was a strong proponent of moderate reform.

The Prince Liu Affair

Duke Ming Kyuin of Song.

In 1891 the factional conflict escalated when the 2nd Prince of Liu, Deng Licheng was revealed by the Shanshang clique to have illegaly diverted funds from the construction of the Baixiu-Daiping railway for personal construction projects. After several calls for him to resign were ignored by emperor Zhongshan the the duke of Song and commander of the Southwestern military district Ming Kyuin decided to take manners into his owns hands. On the 14th of October he together with around 200 men of his personal guard ambushed the prince of Liu while he was on leaving his summer residence in Zanzhou. After a short skirmish Dengs guards were overwhelmed by the attackers, who forced both the prince and his enturage to kneel on the road in front of their palaquins. The duke of song than ebgan to read a prepared speech in which he declared that the prince of Liu had been sentenced to death for his "crimes against the empire and its people" as well as "his evil and treacherous character" which was "a danger to all that is moral and good".

The prince of Liu in 1890

Upon learning of the murder of his cousin emperor Zhongshan ordered the duke of Song to either surrender himself and everyone involved in the murder of his cousin to the imperial authorities ot expect retaliation. As Ming Kyuin refused this order Zhongshan ordered general Hong Yutin of the 3rd Banner of the Southwestern military district to arrest the duke. But Hong, also refused the order leading to the government in Pujing to officially declare the 5 provinces making up the southwestern military district in open rebellion against the crown. While some generals like Hu Cai the viceroy of Wei and Xiang Shi, the duke of Wu followed the order and began mobilisng their troops towards the southwest but the general distrust of many viceroys and governours towards eachother meant that it came to skirmishes all over the country as the imperial armies had to brute force their entry into certain prefectures, cities or provinces.

In this general chaos many peasants and farmers, as well as those who lost their houses and businesses in the fighting boundled together in self defense corps who now also began attacking imperial soldiers and officials. Some of them, like the Armies of Divine Order had a religious background while organisations like the Blue Banners were primarily driven by intellectuals and had larger ideological goals of creating a nuwean republic. The empire at this point was in such a chaotic state that any semblence of an central authority was gone, units of different generals, all sent to fight the duke of Song began attacking eachother instead, some provinces just declared independence from the empire while others just began attacking and annexing territories from their neighnouring provinces. Many of those rebellious commanders at this point also began appointing their own officials, administrators and officers to fill the posts lost by defection.

Initial Uprisings

Wu troops climb the walls of the inner city of Nishang

The combat between the factions escalated all throughout 1892 but the battle of Nishang in May of 1893 ended any chance of the conflict being resolved peacefully was lost. In Nishang Wu troops overwhelmed the Cui garrison taking the city and executing many members of the Cui administration in the process. On the following day Xiang Shi, the duke of Wu arrived in the city and declared that the Cui had lost their claim to the imperial title and that instead he would now take over the imperial mantle as the first emperor of the Wu-dynasty. Following his example Hu Cai of Wei and Ming Kyuin both also announced their ambitions to the imperial throne shortly aftwerwards. Imperial authority was almost entirely gone at this point and both banditry and disease ravaged the countryside. Even in the areas were the several splinter factions already had regained a semblance of authority as both extensive drafts and grain taxes also took a toll on the population.

Throughout the second half of 1893 both th Wei and Song forces mostly consolidated their forces, trying to pacify the areas already under their control while the Wu forces pushed against the continuously weaker Cui armies. An important moment for the Wei was when Zhang Yuanhong declared that he and his forces would back the Wei's claim to the throne. This not just gave the Wei a deceisive numerical advantage over all other factions but the Cui, but also meant that the Song lost one of their most important allies.

The duke of Wu, Xiang Shi

The Wu meanwhile suffered great setbacks during the same timespan as their autumn offensive was slowed down significantly after a large part of the army sieging the Cui fortress in Daiping was infected with swine flu allowing for a successful Cui counterattack.

As the Song effetively lost around one third of their forces with Zhang Yuanhong switching to the Wei their forces were thrown into disarray and were limited to defensive manouvers for all of autumn and winter of 1893-94. To their luck the Wei, with whom they now shared the largest border also barely attacked as they focused on pacifying their hinterland before going on the offensive in spring of 1894. Due to their nature as a movement largely made up of urban intellectuals, business owners and merchants the Blue Banner Party mostly staged protests and minor urban skirmishes in the hopes of amassing some public support. Holding on to territory was especially hard for them because while supporters of the Blue Banners were pretty common in the administration of both cities and prefectures those small rebellions and republics were often quickly crushed by the armies of the faction holding the city. Asserting if an adminsitrator was actually a supporter of the Blue Banners or just a republican without any real affiliation is also hard to tell nowadays as the records of all warring factions would associate any form of non-religious anti-monarchism as associated with the Blue Banner Party. April of 1894 would be the turning point for the Blue Banners as a group of roughly 1500 armed men of varying backgrounds, calling themselves the "National People's Army" stormed the imperial palace in Pujing. The emperor chose to retreat from his capital and palace instead of ordering to disperse the crowd, as he feared that ordering his guard to put the revolt down would lead to even more unrest. He chose Shang'an as the place to evacuate the capital to as its location on the east coast of Nuwea meant it was the furtest from any enemy army as well as that its status as port town meant that the court could evacuate to a friendly foreign power. As the evacuation drew in many of the Cui forces to allow for a save passage several gaps along the frontline opened up which were exploited by both old, but also new enemies, as the fall of the capital city once again meant a hit to the moral of the Cui army. The defection rate in the Cui state apparatus reached the heights it had during the beginning of the conflict again and the dynasty lost control over roughly two thirds of its total territory and two fifths of its armed forces. The largest faction forming from those breakaway armies was the self proclaimed kingdom of Yu. Yu was initially centered around the 4th Division of the 1st Banner of the Cui forces but quickly took over a large part of southeastern Nuwea.

Two states and four dynasties period

United front era

Pacification campaigns

Recent history

Politics

Empress Hu Jinfei, the current monarch of the imperial federation of Nuwea.
Current chief-chancellor of the Imperial federation of Nuwea Yan Xiuying

Nuwea is parliamentary monarchy operating under a semi-democratic system. It is a centralised,federal state in which the head of all branches of government is the monarch. The legislative is made up of the elected Imperial Yihui, the appointed Council of advisors, the Conference of rulers, which is made up of the heads of certain subdivisions, and the Imperial crown embodied in the figure of the monarch. The Yihui and council of advisors are responsible for the main business of the national government with a majority in both houses being necessary for any law to be passed, although the imperial government, either in the form of the responsible department or the monarch themself need to approve any law for it to take affect. The operations, principles and duties of all 3 houses of parliament are codified in the 1964 constitution.

Since 1997 the duties of monarch and head of state are being performed by Empress Hu Jinfei of Wei.

Imperial government

The imperial government is made up of the 14 imperial departments and 3 grand-secretariats as well as the monarch. Its duties consist of managing the day to day affairs of the imperial household, ensuring the safety of all members of the imperial clan and assisting the monarch in any and all affairs.


Judiciary

Administrative regions of Nuwea

Jimi

A Jimi (High nuwean:羈縻, Imperial standard transcription:Jīmí) is the official title for the constituent kingdoms of Nuwea.

Name High nuwean name Native name Flag Coat of Arms License plate code Capital Population
Fushan 富陕
Fùshǎn
Shuo nuwean: 富陕
Shuo standard transcription: fûshàm
羈富/5 Shanshang
山上
ISTL: Shānshàng
Shuo-ISTLS: sânsông

Fanzhen

The Fanzhen (High nuwean:藩鎮, ISTL:fānzhèn) are three special provinces located in the border regions and tasked with both the civilian and military administration ofthe border regions. While the Fanzhen are officially of equal rank as Jimi they don't have their own provinces, but only Prefectures, Circuits, Counties and Municipalities. A Fanzhen is ruled by a Viceroy, which is a non-inheritable position appointed for life by the Emperor who are also members of the Council of Advisors.

Name High nuwean name Native name Flag Coat of Arms License plate code Capital Population
Guanbian 瓘邊
Guànbiān
藩瓘 Shang'an
上岸
ISTL: Shàng'àn

Imperal cities

Imperial cities (High nuwean: are cities that hold the same administrative status as a province while only being one city. Usually the reason why a city is granted this special status is a certain population size but it can also be political or economic importance, examples for those cities would be Pujing which is directly governed by the Imperial court and Choqi which serves as the nations largest harbour and therefore was granted special economic and political priviledges.

Name High nuwean name Coat of Arms License plate code Population
Pujing
Choqi

Provinces

Prefectures

Circuits

Counties

Municipalities

Internal Affairs

Imperial Police Force

Freedom of speech

Foreign Affairs

Economy

For most of human history Nuwea has been the largest manufacturer of goods in the world in the world, something that only changed during the early stages of industrialisation which was only cautiously implemented in Nuwea.

Agriculture

Industry

Geography

Demographics

Distribution

Urbanization

Migration

Ethnic groups

Languages

Ecology

Flora and Fauna

Climate

Natural disatsers

Military

Army

Navy

Air Force

Military Police

Strategic Operations Command

Rocket Force

Armed Forces Bureau of the Imperial Censorate

Society and Culture

Art

Architecture

Music

Food

Science and Education

Space program