Transition from Jiao to Toki: Difference between revisions
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===Intharatcha's Grand Army=== | ===Intharatcha's Grand Army=== | ||
[[File:YamadaNagamasa.jpg|thumb|150px|right|The [[Senria|Senrian]] adventurer [[Tanaka Tsunemasa]] became a trusted general and advisor of [[Intharatcha]]]] | |||
The creation of the Khaunban Empire had primarily been through military means, and lacking longevity or legitimacy outside of its constituent rulers' personal ties to Intharatcha, required a strong military to remain consolidated. At the start of Intharatcha's reign his army was largely composed of Kasi peasant levies, supported by cavalry, largely from the nobility, and a small elephant corps. It was with this army that Intharatcha was able to overthrow [[Sippom|Sippommese]] rule of Khaunban and establish Khaunban as the new power in the [[Lueng|Lueng river valley]]. | |||
As the empire expanded so did the diversity within the army. The majority of the levies remained ethnically {{wp|Thai people|Kasi}}, but they were joined by {{wp|Vietnamese people|Namkwonese}}, {{wp|Khmer people|Svai}}, {{wp|Karen people|Kyin}}, and {{wp|Mon people|Niah}} conscripts, largely from {{wp|vassal kingdom|subject kingdoms}}. In 1557 Intharatcha divided the levies between the ''thammada'' (basic, or general) troops, who were raised for a specific campaign for short-term cyclical periods, and the ''phiset'' (extraordinary, special) soldiers, who constituted one of the first standing professional armies in Kuthine history. The phiset soldiers were entitled to a monthly salary, were given a uniform, underwent three years of training, and were expected to serve a minimum of 15 years. Villages which provided a certain ammount of phiset soldiers were excluded from the thammada registry. | |||
specialist units | |||
generals and new command structure | |||
jiao defectors and armies | |||
<gallery mode=packed heights=105px> | |||
Image:Manipuri_horseman.jpg|A {{wp|Burmese people|Chanwan}} horseman from the [[Kingdom of Myiang]] | |||
Image:Tượng_binh.jpg|An elephant and accompanying crew from {{wp|Vietnam|Namkwon}} | |||
Image:Wat_Suwan_Dararam_wihan_-_inside_-_2017-02-13_(030).jpg|Mural paintings of Kasi infantry during Intharactha's reign | |||
Image:SenrianMercenaries.png|Contemporary painting of the mercenary army of [[Senria|Senrian]] adventurer Tanaka Tsunemasa | |||
Image:1024px-Madrid_canons_indiens.png|[[Aguda Empire|Agudan]] double barrelled {{wp|cetbang}} on a carriage | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Conquest of Yingtan=== | ===Conquest of Yingtan=== | ||
Revision as of 19:20, 16 December 2020
The transition from Jiao to Toki, Jiao–Toki transition, or the Toki unification of Xiaodong saw the transition between two major Xiaodongese dynasties from 1659 to 1694. After the Red Orchid Rebellion toppled the Jiao dynasty, a power vacuum emerged in Xiaodong. The west saw the Red Orchid rebels divided between the Zhao and Wei dynasties, and other minor factions, while the Togoti Khaganate invaded from the northern borders. In the east the Jiao regrouped in Rongzhou, but were surprised by an invasion by the Khaunban Empire and became divided between multiple emperors and factions. Toki Sinzou, originally a Jiao retainer, organised an ambitious campaign led by other Senrian mercenaries, and declared the Toki dynasty in 1664. This period ended with the rise of the Toki, the fall of the Jiao, collapse of the Khaunban and Togoti empires, and suppression of other minor factions in the Toki's unification of Xiaodong.
Overview
Red Orchid Rebellion
Situation of the late Jiao dynasty
Khaunban invasion
Three emperors
Jiao-Toki alliance
Shenkong
Toki conquest of the Zhao dynasty
Yosioki's Wei campaign
Toki Sinzou and formation of the Toki dynasty
Five righteous clans
Jiao defectors and Red Orchid rebels
Khaunban expansion
Intharatcha's Grand Army
The creation of the Khaunban Empire had primarily been through military means, and lacking longevity or legitimacy outside of its constituent rulers' personal ties to Intharatcha, required a strong military to remain consolidated. At the start of Intharatcha's reign his army was largely composed of Kasi peasant levies, supported by cavalry, largely from the nobility, and a small elephant corps. It was with this army that Intharatcha was able to overthrow Sippommese rule of Khaunban and establish Khaunban as the new power in the Lueng river valley.
As the empire expanded so did the diversity within the army. The majority of the levies remained ethnically Kasi, but they were joined by Namkwonese, Svai, Kyin, and Niah conscripts, largely from subject kingdoms. In 1557 Intharatcha divided the levies between the thammada (basic, or general) troops, who were raised for a specific campaign for short-term cyclical periods, and the phiset (extraordinary, special) soldiers, who constituted one of the first standing professional armies in Kuthine history. The phiset soldiers were entitled to a monthly salary, were given a uniform, underwent three years of training, and were expected to serve a minimum of 15 years. Villages which provided a certain ammount of phiset soldiers were excluded from the thammada registry.
specialist units
generals and new command structure
jiao defectors and armies
A Chanwan horseman from the Kingdom of Myiang
An elephant and accompanying crew from Namkwon
Mural paintings of Kasi infantry during Intharactha's reign
Contemporary painting of the mercenary army of Senrian adventurer Tanaka Tsunemasa
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Conquest of Yingtan
Southern push
Toki Eastern campaign
Capture of Rongzhuo (1667)
Conquest of the Eastern Jiao
Battle of Yuan'an
Baiqiao and the west
Xiaodongese government and culture
Wei remnant
Toki consolidation
The north
Continuing rebellions
Conquest of Gaoming
Rongzhou government
Bakuhu system and domains
Relations with the Senrian Emperor
Invasion of Khaunban
-Toki burn down Khaunban in revenge
Separate institutions
-Xiaodongese in Baiqiao, Senrian and loyal Xiaodongese daimyos in Rongzhou
Literature and thought
-rule by barbarian crisis
Ending the century
-Toki consolidate rule