Karaalani language: Difference between revisions
Admiral S.S. (talk | contribs) (→Vowels) |
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | | |||
! colspan=2| | ! {{wp|labial consonant|Labial}} | ||
! Labial | ! colspan="2" | {{wp|alveolar consonant|Alveolar}} | ||
! | ! {{wp|palatal consonant|Palatal}} | ||
! {{wp|velar consonant|Velar}} | |||
! | |||
! Velar | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Plosive}}/<br>{{wp|Affricate}} | ||
| | ! {{small|voiceless}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|p}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|t}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|t͡s}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|k}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! {{small|voiced}} | ||
| {{IPA link|b}} | |||
| | | {{IPA link|d}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|d͡z}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative}} | ||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| | |||
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|s}} | |||
| {{IPA link|ʃ}} | |||
| {{IPA link|x}} | |||
! | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! {{small|voiced}} | ||
| | |||
| | | colspan="2" | {{IPA link|z}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|ʒ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|ɣ}} | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal}} | ||
| {{IPA link|m}} | |||
| | | colspan="2" | {{IPA link|n}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|ʋ}} | ||
| | | colspan="2" | {{IPAlink|l}}~{{IPAlink|ɫ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|j}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | |- | ||
| | ! colspan="2" | {{wp|Liquid consonant|Rhotic}} | ||
| | |||
| colspan="2" | {{IPAlink|ɾ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| | ! | ||
| | ! align="center" | {{wp|Front vowel|Front}} | ||
! align="center" | {{wp|Central vowel|Central}} | |||
! align="center" | {{wp|Back vowel|back}} | |||
! | |- align="center" | ||
! Back | ! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}} | ||
|- | | {{IPA link|i}} | ||
! | | | ||
| i | | {{IPA link|u}} | ||
| | |- align="center" | ||
| u | ! {{wp|Mid vowel|Mid}} | ||
|- | | {{IPA link|ɛ}} | ||
! | | {{IPA link|ɤ}} | ||
| | | {{IPA link|o}} | ||
| | |- align="center" | ||
| | ! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}} | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA link|a}} | |||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 10:51, 28 December 2021
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Karaalani language | |
---|---|
Karaalan, Karaalanish | |
Pronunciation | // |
Native to |
|
Region | Slavic Belt in Thuadia |
Ethnicity | Karaalani Slavs |
Native speakers | L1: 17,980,000 L2: 1,200,000- FL: 25,000 |
Thuado-Thrismaran languages
| |
Early form | |
Standard forms | Eastern Karaalani
|
Dialects |
|
Govoric Script Protopolyash script | |
Official status | |
Official language in |
|
Recognised minority language in |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | KR |
ISO 639-2 | KRA |
ISO 639-3 | KRA |
Distribution of the language Absolute majority >30% of native speakers | |
The Karaalani language is a Slavic language from the Kento-Polyash language group, and is the co-official language of the Karaalan region of Monte Blanco, Mustelaria, and the 4th most spoken langauge in Mustelaria.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʃ | k |
voiced | b | d | d͡z | d͡ʒ | ||
Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | x | ||
voiced | z | ʒ | ɣ | |||
Nasal | m | n | ||||
Approximant | ʋ | l~ɫ | j | |||
Rhotic | ɾ |
Vowels
Front | Central | back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | ɛ | ɤ | o |
Open | a |
Writing System
Karaalani officially uses the Govoric script but it also has adapdet co-official Protopolyash and Latin forms.
Phonology
Nouns
Grammatical Gender
Karaalani has 3 grammatical genders
- Masculine - all masculine nouns end in a consonant sound
- Feminine - all feminine nouns end in /a/
- Neuter - all neuter nouns end in /o/ or /ɛ/
Grammatical Cases
Karaalani has 6 grammatical cases.
- Nominative: Subject or a Predicate noun or adjectiv
- Dative: Giving to Subject
- Accusative: Interract with Subject (hear, hit, harm...)
- Locative: In Subject, on Subject
- Vocative: Referring to Subject, calling Subject
Translation to Common | Singular | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nom. | Dat. | Acc. | Gen. | Loc. | Voc. | Nom. | Dat. | Acc. | Gen. | Loc. | Voc. | ||
Masculine | |||||||||||||
Man | Mъж Ⲙϩϧ Măž |
Мъжу | Mъжом | Мъжа | Mъждо | Mъжо! | Mъже | Muзеу | Mъжем | Мъжи | Мъжде | Mъже! | |
Leader | Войвод | Войводу | Войводом | Войвода | Войводо | Войводе! | Войводи | Войводеу | Войводем | Войводи | Войводе | Войводе! | |
Feminine | |||||||||||||
Church | Църква | Църкву | Църквом | Църкве | Църквѥ | Църкво! | Църкви | Църквеу | Църквѥм | Църкви | Църквѥй | Църкве! | |
Woman | Жена | Жену | Женом | Жене | Женѥ | Жено! | Жени | Женеу | Женѥм | Жени | Женѥй | Жени! | |
Neuter | |||||||||||||
Sea | Moре | Moро | Мором | Мора | Морю | Moрé! | Moретa | Moрѣ | Морѣм | Морете | Морѥ | Moрeтá! | |
Place | Мѣсто | Мѣсту | Мѣстом | Мѣсте | Мѣстю | Мѣстé! | Мѣста | Мѣстѣ | Мѣстѣм | Мѣста | Мѣстѥ | Мѣстетá! |
Adjectives
TBA
Pronouns
TBA
Numbers
Karaalani uses a decimal system.
Numbers sample
Number (Base 10) |
Number term (Karaalani) |
IPA | Number (Base 10) |
Number term (Karaalani) |
IPA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | Нѡла Ⲛⲱⲗⲁ Нóla |
/no.wa/ | 11 | Ѣдинадѥсед Ⳉⲇⲏⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Ýdinadesed |
/jɜdɪn.adɛsed/ | |
1 | Ѣдно Ⳉⲇⲛⲟ Ýdno |
/jɜd.nɔ/ | 12 | Ԃванадѥсед Ⳁⲃⲁⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Dzvanadesed |
/dzva.nadɛsed/ | |
2 | Ԃве Ⳁⲃⲉ Dzve |
/dzvɛ/ | 13 | Тринадѥсед Ⲧⲣⲏⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Trinadesed |
/tɾi.nadɛsed/ | |
3 | Три Ⲧⲣⲏ Tri |
/tɾi/ | 14 | Чѣтеринадѥсед Ϫⳉⲧⲉⲣⲏⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Čýterinadesed |
/t͡sjɜˈtɛɾi.nadɛsed/ | |
4 | Чѣтери Ϫⳉⲧⲉⲣⲏ Čýteri |
/t͡sjɜˈtɛɾi/ | 15 | Пятнадѥсед Ⲡⲓⲁⲧⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Pyatnadesed |
/pjat.nadɛsed/ | |
5 | Пят Ⲡⲓⲁⲧ Pyat |
/pjat/ | 16 | Шеснадѥсед Ⲋⲉⲥⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Šesnadesed |
/ʃɛs.nadɛsed/ | |
6 | Шес Ⲋⲉⲥ Šes |
/ʃɛs/ | 17 | Седемнадѥсед Ⲥⲉⲇⲉⲙⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Sedemnadesed |
/sɛdɛm.nadɛsed/ | |
7 | Седем Ⲥⲉⲇⲉⲙ Sedem |
/sɛdɛm/ | 18 | Ѫсемнадѥсед Ⲓⲱⲥⲉⲙⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Yósemnadesed |
/jɔsɛm.nadɛsed/ | |
8 | Ѫсем Ⲓⲱⲥⲉⲙ Yósem |
/jɔsɛm/ | 19 | Дѥведнадѥсед Ⲇⲓⲉⲃⲉⲇⲛⲁⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Dyevednadesed |
/djɛvɛd.nadɛsed/ | |
9 | Дѥвед Ⲇⲓⲉⲃⲉⲇ Dyeved |
/djɛvɛd/ | 100 | Стѡ Ⲥⲧⲱ Stó |
/sto/ | |
10 | Дѥсед Ⲇⲓⲉⲥⲉⲇ Dyesed |
/djɛsɛd/ | 1000 | Хиляда Ⲭⲏⲗⲓⲁⲇⲁ Hilyada |
/xilʲada/ |
Verbs
TBA
Adverbs
TBA
Prepositions
TBA
Conjunctions
TBA
Particles
TBA
Interjections
TBA
Language examples
Dialects
Karaalanish has 4 recognized dialects, the (standart) Eastern, Western, Southern and Sofgorod dialects.
The Western and Southern dialects differ mainly from the Eastern and Sofgorod dialects by the fact they dont pronounce the /j/ in the letter Ѣ/Ⳉ/Ý, which in the standert Eastern dialect is pronounced as /jæ~jɜ/, and in Sofgorod as /jɛ/. The Southern dialect dosent pronounce the stress in double characters, like in the word 'Karaalanski' ('Karaalanish'), insted of (standart Eastern) /kaɾaˈaɫan.ski/ it becomes /kɑɾɑlan.skɪ/. It also always pronounces Л/Ⲗ/L as an /l/. The Western dialect has nasal vowels when followed after 'n', some epakers in the far west parts pronounce their r's like /ʁ/s, sum ppl consider it a seperate dialect, tho officially its recognized as an 'accent'. The Sofgorod dialect conbines nasalization with the the /n/s and pornounces most i's as /ɨ/s and has a lot of 'unstressing'.
Lord's prayer
Following text shows Lord's prayer written in Karaalani
Common language | Karaalani (Iraklic) | Karaalani (Protopolyash) | Karaalani (Latin) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Our Father in heaven, | Оче наш, кѫто си нѥбо, | Ⲟϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲋ, ⲕⲓⲱⲧⲟ ⲥⲏ ⲛⲓⲉⲃⲃⲟ, | Oče naš, kyóto si nyebo, | |
hallowed be your name. | да се свѥти йимем ти, | ⲇⲁ ⲥⲉ ⲥⲃⲓⲉⲧⲏ ⲓⲏⲙⲉⲙ ⲧⲏ, | da se svyeti yimem ti, | |
Your kingdom come. | да дойде царстѡ ти, | ⲇⲁ ⲇⲟⲓⲇⲉ ϯⲁⲣⲥⲧⲃⲟ ⲧⲏ, | da doyde carstó ti, | |
Your will be done, | да буде вѡля ти, | ⲇⲁ ⲃⲃⲩⲇⲉ ⲃⲱⲗⲓⲁ ⲧⲏ, | da bude vólya ti, | |
on earth as it is in heaven. | како нѥбо, тако и земѫ. | ⲕⲁⲕⲟ ⲛⲓⲉⲃⲃⲟ, ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲏ ⲍⲉⲙⲓⲱ. | kako nyebo, tako i zemyo. | |
Give us this day our daily bread | Нѥвний ни хлѣб ним дай нес | Ⲛⲓⲉⲃⲏⲓ ⲛⲏ ⲭⲗⳉⲃⲃ ⲛⲏⲙ ⲇⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲥ | Nyewniy ni hlýb nim day nes | |
and forgive us our debts, | и ни прости наши дългове, | ⲏ ⲛⲏ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲏ ⲛⲁⲋⲏ ⲇϩⲗⲅⲟⲃⲉ, | i ni prosti naši dălgove, | |
as we also have forgiven our debtors. | како ние проставаме нашите длъжничеу. | ⲕⲁⲕⲟ ⲛⲏⲉ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲃⲁⲙⲉ ⲛⲁⲋⲏⲧⲉ ⲇⲗϩϧⲛⲏϫⲉⲩ. | kako nie prostawame našite dlăžničeu | |
And do not bring us into temptation, | И нѥ ним въвеждай ву изкушенѥ, | Ⲏ ⲛⲓⲉ ⲛⲏⲙ ⲃϩⲃⲉϧⲇⲁⲓ ⲃⲩ ⲏⲍⲕⲩⲋⲉⲛⲓⲉ, | I nye nim văvežday vu izkušenye | |
but rescue us from the evil one. | но ним избави от Лъкави. | ⲛⲟ ⲛⲏⲙ ⲏⲍⲃⲃⲁⲃⲏ ⲟⲧ Ⲗϩⲕⲁⲃⲏ. | no nim izbavi ot Lăkavi. |