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| {{Infobox settlement | | {{WIP}}{{Infobox flag |
| | official_name = Gateway
| | | Name = Surrow |
| | other_name = Ussiteshiuakamau ({{wp|Innu-aimun|Chequan}})
| | | Article = |
| | motto = {{nowrap|''Gateway to the World''}}
| | | Image = File:Surrow_Flag.png |
| | settlement_type = City
| | | Noborder = |
| | image_skyline = Gander,_Newfoundland_(2509713344).jpg
| | | Nickname = ''Mureza'' (The Flag) |
| | image_flag =
| | | Morenicks = |
| | image_seal =
| | | Use = 111000 |
| | image_map =
| | | Symbol = <!-- |Use="6-digit FIAV usage code" is required. --> |
| | map_caption =
| | | Proportion = 1:2 |
| | subdivision_type = [[Wikipedia:Country|Country]]
| | | Adoption = 2 December, 1946 |
| | subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Surrow|County]]
| | | Design = White cross on a green field with the {{wp|Big Dipper}} on the TBD |
| | subdivision_name = {{flag|Surrow}}
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| | subdivision_name1 = [[Tuckamore County]]
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| | established_title = Founded
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| | established_date = 1843
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| | established_title2 = Incorporated
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| | established_date2 = 1949
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| | government_type =
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| | leader_title = Mayor
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| | leader_name = [[Jasmine Block]]
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| | area_magnitude =
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| | area_total_sq_mi =
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| | area_total_km2 =
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| | area_land_sq_mi =
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| | area_land_km2 =
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| | area_water_sq_mi =
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| | area_water_km2 =
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| | area_urban_sq_mi =
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| | area_urban_km2 =
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| | area_metro_km2 =
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| | area_metro_sq_mi =
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| | population_as_of = 2021
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| | population_footnotes =
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| | population_total = 11,688
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| | population_urban = 11,688
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| | population_metro =
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| | population_density_sq_mi =
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| | population_density_km2 =
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| | population_rank = 3rd in Surrow
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| | timezone = Surrowese Standard Time
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| | utc_offset = -4
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| | timezone_DST = not observed
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| | utc_offset_DST =
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| | area_code =
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| | latd =
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| | longd =
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| | elevation_footnotes =
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| | elevation_m =
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| | website =
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| }} | | }} |
| '''Gateway''' ({{wp|Innu-aimun|Chequan}}: ''Ussiteshiuakamau'') is the third-largest city of [[Surrow]], the second-largest city on [[Holcot Island]], and the largest city in [[Tuckamore County]]. (TBC)
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| ==Etymology==
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| The name '''Gateway''' derives from the city being home to [[Surrow International Airport]], which was built during the [[Second Great War (Levilion)|Second Great War]], and function as Surrow's primary {{wp|international airport}}.
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| Until 1943, Gateway was known as '''Odvarsson House''', named after [[Odvarsson House]], which was named after its builder, [[Rolf Odvarsson]], who built it on the shores of [[Tern Lake]] to serve as a {{wp|health resort}}.
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| The {{wp|Innu-aimun|Chequan}} name for Gateway is '''Ussiteshiuakamau''', meaning ''a lake covered with water lily leaves''. This name is the Chequan name for Tern Lake, whose northern shore is home to Gateway, and the name has since been applied to the settlement that arose along the lake by Chequan speakers.
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| ==History==
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| ===Prehistory and early history===
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| [[File:Newfoundland_in_1911,_being_the_coronation_year_of_King_George_V._and_the_opening_of_the_second_decade_of_the_twentieth_century_(1911)_(14780178554).jpg|250px|thumb|left|View of Odvarsson House, 1911]]
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| The site of Gateway was traditionally inhabited by [[Native Surrowese]], with the first evidence of human habitation dating back to around 2,500 years {{wp|before present}} by the {{wp|Pre-Dorset culture|Pre-Armin culture}}, with Pre-Armin artefacts found as late as the third century BCE. This was followed by the {{wp|Dorset culture|Armin culture}}, who inhabited present-day Gateway from between 500 BCE and 500-600 AD, when the {{wp|Thule people|Proto-Itchalnu}} inhabited the area, inhabiting the area until around 1300-1330 when the {{wp|Innu people|Chequan}} arrived onto [[Holcot Island]] and expanded up the island. Due to its location near the [[Tapishko Pass]], the area around present-day Gateway has long been the site of a trail linking present-day [[Tern Harbour]] with [[Gisborne Reed]].
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| The first Auressian settlement in present-day Gateway was in 1679, when [[Elcid Barrett]] built a {{wp|log cabin}} next to Tern Lake. Due to its location along the trail between Tern Harbour and Gisborne Reed, Barrett's cabin functioned as a {{wp|bothy|shelter}} for travellers travelling between the western and eastern coast of Holcot Island. However, Barrett's son abandoned the cabin in 1701, as the land was "not suitable for any human habitation," and by the 1760s, in the aftermath of the [[Eleven Years' War (Levilion)|Eleven Years' War]], a traveler noted that Barrett's cabin was "in poor condition but still used by people travelling westwards or eastwards, as it is virtually suicide for anyone to dare to circumnavigate the island by sea."
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| In 1843, [[Rolf Odvarsson]] from Tern Harbour secured title of the area around Barrett's abandoned cabin, demolished it, and built a {{wp|health resort}} in its place to "ground the body and soul so that it may heal any ailments and ensure that their souls may be able to reach the fields." Odvarsson's resort, known as Odvarsson House became a success, particularly in Tern Harbour, but also elsewhere, as its location "in the forests of {{wp|krummholz|tuckamore}} next to fresh water, with a very cool climate and away from the heavy air" was believed to be conducive to the health of its patients.
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| By 1850, Odvarsson House reached a summer population of around 300 population, and a permanent year-round population of 30 people, most of whom were responsible for maintaining Odvarsson House itself and its associated amenities, although some of Odvarsson House's year-round population were "people of very fragile constitution who must stay at Odvarsson House." Its population would remain stable, although its economic importance grew as the trail between Tern Harbour and Gisborne Reed became a proper road and a {{wp|coaching inn}} was established to take advantage of the cross-island traffic.
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| Odvarsson House continued to operate as a health resort until the early twentieth century when it started facing financial difficulty, both due to a renovation to expand it in 1884 under Rolf's son, [[Niels Odvarsson]], a sluggish economy after the [[Great Fire of 1886 (Holcot Inlet)|Great Fire of 1886]] in [[Holcot Inlet]], and advances in medicine which led to a decline in its clientele, and to a declining summer population: by 1901, its year-round population was 34 people, but the census noted during the summer, its population was "around two hundred to two hundred fifty people". With the outbreak of the [[First Great War (Levilion)|First Great War]] in 1908, Odvarsson House was converted the following year into a coaching inn, which put the nearby coaching inn out of business. However, Odvarsson House did not make as much money as a coaching inn than it did as a health resort, and Odvarsson House closed permanently in 1912.
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| This led to a significant population decline: by the 1921 census, its permanent population fell to only 8 people, with most of them "working at a {{wp|roadhouse (premises)|roadhouse}}" that was set up at the coaching house that was closed in 1909, and [[Prime Minister of Surrow|Prime Minister]] [[Clarence Bradley]] wrote in 1927 about a trip to Odvarsson House that:
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| <blockquote>"''If I had not known about the Odvarsson's once-grand health resort along the shores of Tern Lake, and if I had not known of it in its glory days, I would have believed, with all my heart, that Odvarsson House was completely unchanged since Elcid Barrett built his cabin centuries ago to serve as a mere shelter for travelers venturing across the island from Tern Harbour in the east to Gisborne Reed in the west''."</blockquote>
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| ===Boom years===
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| [[File:Lockheed_Hudson_-_Gander_-_Royal_Air_Force_Ferry_Command,_1941-1943._C2141.jpg|250px|thumb|right|View of airplanes at Odvarsson Air Base, 1941]]
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| Odvarsson House's population would begin growing with the outbreak of the Second Great War in 1935, as [[Albrennia]] and [[Rythene]] determined that its location in the middle of Great Island away from major population centres made it a suitable site for an {{wp|air base}}. This led to the construction of an airfield four kilometers east-southeast of the original settlement, and to the construction of a {{wp|work camp}} that would form the nucleus of the modern urban centre. By 1941, Odvarsson Air Base was opened for military use, and the population of Odvarsson House was measured to be at 919 people, making it the third-largest urban centre in the colony after Holcot Inlet and Tulaktarvik.
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| With the end of the Second Great War in 1943, the airfield was initially retained for military use, but due to a lack of military threats in the area, Odvarsson Air Base closed in 1948, and the Surrowese government took ownership of Odvarsson Air Base, with the Surrowese government designating it as [[Surrow International Airport|Odvarsson Airport]].
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| The following year, Odvarsson House was officially incorporated as a town, and was renamed to Gateway, as the Surrowese government envisaged that Surrow's primary airport would be at Odvarsson Airport. By 1951, Gateway became the third-largest town in Surrow, with a population of 4,017 people, slightly behind the second-largest city of Tern Harbour.
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| In 1954, the Surrowese government officially began the [[NorthAir|Surrowese Civil Aviation Service]] out of Odvarsson Airport, which they renamed to [[Surrow International Airport]]. As an international airport, it began offering flights by X air to Y, which led to an economic boom for the town, both because tourists were spending money in the town, and because of the jobs being made by the airport and by the airlines. Thus, by 1961, Gateway's population had risen to 9,749 people, making it the second largest settlement in Surrow, between Holcot Inlet and [[Tulaktarvik]], and the following year, Gateway was officially incorporated as a city.
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| During the 1960s, the Surrowese Civil Aviation Service's decision to start international flights increased passenger traffic even further to Surrow, which continued Gateway's economic boom as more jobs were created by the SCAS, the airport, and by the growing tourist sector. By 1971, although Gateway fell back to third-place behind Holcot Inlet and Tulaktarvik, its population rose to 12,301 people.
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| In 1975, the Surrowese Civil Aviation Service renamed itself to [[NorthAir]], with the newly-renamed NorthAir greatly expanding its route network, which helped fuel Gateway's economic growth. However, its population growth began to slow as most people who previously lived in the {{wp|Newfoundland outports|outports}} and moved elsewhere have already moved, and younger people who grew up in Gateway began leaving for Holcot Inlet, Tulaktarvik, or other countries such as Albrennia due to a lack of opportunities in Gateway. By 1981, Gateway's population peaked at 15,051 people.
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| ===Modern era===
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| Since the 1980s, Gateway has begun to diversify its economy. Due to its position as the third-largest city in Surrow, government offices have been opening up in order to serve the northern portion of Holcot Island, which has created some economic opportunities. In 1986, [[President of Surrow|President]] [[Deacon Parker]] announced plans to open a {{wp|polytechnic}} in Gateway, but the plans were cancelled following his death in 1987 and his replacement by [[Michael Chambers]].
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| In 1991, Gateway's population fell for the first time in nearly a century, falling to 14,863 people in the census. In 1993, Chambers proposed abolishing the [[Administrative divisions of Surrow|counties and districts of Surrow]] and making Gateway the seat of the Central Region, which would have covered most of northern Holcot Island. Although this was received positively by many people in Gateway, as it would help diversify their economy and provide more economic opportunities to the city, the proposed reforms were cancelled.
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| In 2001, Gateway's population was measured to be at 13,754 people. In 2003, a {{wp|Golf club (establishment)|golf course}} was opened along the shores of Tern Lake in an effort to encourage increased tourism to Gateway, and in 2005, a new {{wp|business park}} was opened northwest of the airport. However, these projects failed to halt Gateway's population decline, with the population falling to 12,795 people in the 2011 census.
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| ==Geography==
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| [[File:Cobb's_Pond_-_Gander,_Newfoundland_2019-08-21_(02).jpg|300px|thumb|left|View of [[Tern Lake]], 2019]]
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| Gateway is situated on the northern shore of [[Tern Lake]] and is bordered to the west by the [[Hachshu Stream]] that flows into Tern Lake, whose outlet is the [[Tern River]]. It is located to the southeast of the [[Elser Hills]], which can be seen from inside the city.
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| Gateway is located in a {{wp|krummholz|tuckamore}} forest that covers much of the eponymous [[Tuckamore County]], and has very rocky terrain, making it unsuitable for growing crops. Due to its geography and the presence of {{wp|discontinuous permafrost}} in the northwestern areas of Gateway, it has led to some difficulties in constructing infrastructure and buildings in Gateway.
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| Due to its location above the {{wp|Arctic Circle|Breuvician Circle}}, Gateway experiences the {{wp|midnight sun}} from May 4th to July 14th, and {{wp|polar night}} from December 15th until December 26th.
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| ===Climate===
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| colder than Holcot Inlet, warmer than Tulaktarvik
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| ==Demographics==
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| As of the 2021 census, Gateway's population was 11,688 people, making Gateway the third-largest city in Surrow after [[Holcot Inlet]] and [[Tulaktarvik]], and the largest settlement in Surrow to not be a county seat.
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| Racially, the largest group in Gateway are Auressian-Surrowese, with 11,655 people, or around 99.7% of the population. Estimates suggest that TBD are of Rythenan descent, TBD are of Tyrnican origin, and TBD belong to other Auressian groups. The next largest racial group are other racial groups, with 18 people, or around 0.2% of the city's population belong to other racial groups. The smallest racial group are [[Native Surrowese]], with 15 people, or around 0.1% of the city's population, with estimates that 100% of the Native Surrowese population in Gateway are of {{wp|Innu people|Chequan}} descent.
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| Religiously, Gateway is majority-[[Perendism|Perendist]], with 11,331 people, or around 97% of the city's population following Perendism. 332 people, or around 2.8% of the city's population are {{wp|irreligion|irreligious}}, while 25 people, or around 0.2% of the city's population follow other religions.
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| Linguistically, TBC.
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| ==Economy==
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| [[File:Gander_International_Airport_(satellite_view).jpg|250px|thumb|right|Satellite view of [[Gateway International Airport]]]]
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| is basically reliant on ''the'' airport, plus stuff that sprung up around the airport, also some government offices
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| ==Culture==
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| there's an art and culture centre, there's some sports teams, that's it
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| ==Government==
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| Gateway's municipal government is structured on a {{wp|mayor-council}} system, with the Mayor being directly elected by the citizens, along with a representative to the five-member [[Gateway City Council]]. The current Mayor of Gateway is [[Jasmine Block]], who was first elected in 2022 after succeeding long-term incumbent [[Bill Wirz]], who served as mayor since 1998.
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| As the largest city in Tuckamore County, Gateway is represented by seven of the nine members of the [[Tuckamore County#Government|Tuckamore County Council]].
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| On the national level, Gateway is represented by seven seats in the [[Parliament of Surrow|Surrowese Parliament]]. Of the seven seats, six are from the [[United People's Party (Surrow)|United People's Party]], and one is from the [[Alliance of Cooperativists and Trade Unionists (Surrow)|Alliance of Cooperativists and Trade Unionists]].
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| ==Infrastructure==
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| ===Education===
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| Public primary and secondary education is provided by Tuckamore County, with the county government operating two primary schools and a secondary school, which all follow the [[Surrow#Education|Surrowese curriculum]].
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| There is no institutions that offer post-secondary education in Gateway, with graduates usually going to [[Holcot Inlet]] to further their education.
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| ===Healthcare===
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| There is one hospital in Gateway, [[Rolf Odvarsson Hospital]], although for cases too complicated to be treated in Gateway, it will send patients to Holcot Inlet.
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| ===Transportation===
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| Highway 1 goes through it, airport is also there
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| ==Media==
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| in range of SBC transmitters that serves [[Hairings Harbour]] which also serves [[Tern Harbour]], locals can also receive the Holcot Inlet papers
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| ==Sister cities==
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