Üxa language
| Üxasi | |
|---|---|
| Duwafa Üxasi | |
| Native to | Üxasi |
Native speakers | unknown (2019) |
Üxasi
| |
| Latin Script, Saruzh Script (archaic) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
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Üxasi
The Üxa Language is the spoken language of Üxasi.
Classification
Üxasi is a language isolate.
Dialects
-
Orthography
Before contact with saruzh civilization brought the saruzh script the Üxa language had no writing system.In the early 20th century the latin writing system was adopted to aid efforts in increasing literacy, as saruzh script had proven to be an ill fit for Üxasi, requiring an amount of time to reach literacy only the old scholar class could afford.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unrounded | Rounded | Unrounded | Rounded | ||
| Close | i | y | u | ||
| Mid | œ | ||||
| Open | a | ||||
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar /Dental |
Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | pal. | plain | pal. | plain | pal. | plain | pal. | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
| Stop | b | t d |
g |
|||||||
| Affricate | tɕ | |||||||||
| Fricative | f | z | x | h | ||||||
| Approximant | l | ɻ | j | w | ||||||
| Trill | ||||||||||
Grammar
Gender
Üxasi knows 2 Genders: Female(nouns ending in i) and Male(rest).Nouns in plural are always male.
ik yadli bazi The woman sits (yadli is female, verb adopts i ending) ik na yadla baza The women sit (yadli is male, verb remains with the default a ending) ik fru yadla baza The 2 women sit (yadli is male, verb remains with the default a ending)
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1.Person | üt (m) üti (f) |
xö |
| 2.Person | nim (m) nimi (f) |
buna |
| 3.Person | zut (m) zuti (f) |
füwa |
Possesive determiner
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1.Person | ida (m) idi (f) |
xuda |
| 2.Person | nića (m) nići (f) |
üćna |
| 3.Person | zala (m) zali (f) |
furga |
Demonstrative Pronouns
| English | Üxasi |
|---|---|
| This | traf (m) trafi (f) |
| That | trüg (m) trügi (f) |
| Here | mlad |
| There | dadu |
Word Order
Normal Word Order
The normal Word Order is SVO.
|ik gwüt | dötra| tazaxa . |Subject | Verb | Object The Man kills the Animal .
Questions
In Question Sentences the Word Order is inverted to OVS.This feature is inherited from saruzh and does not appear in proto-Üxasi and some dialects, where different intonation is used instead.
| tazaxa | dötra| ik gwüt ? | Object | Verb | Subject The Animal kills the Man ?
Adjectives
Adjectives always follow the Nouns they describe.The ending vocal of an adjectives matches the ending of the Noun, if the adjective ends with a consonant, an a is interjected. Nouns can be used as Adjectives.
röga bitafa a blue kingdom gwüt djülat an animalistic(savage) man
Possession
Possession follows the Possessee-Possessor Order:
Duwafa Üxasi Language (of the) Üxa
Morphology
Plurals
Plurals are divided into definite and indefinite plurals. The indefinite Plural refers to a multitude of uncertain size, while the definite plural refers to a ,multitude of certain size. The Indefinite plural is constructed by adding the plural marker na in front of the word.
na gwüt a multitude of men, a lot of men
The na takes precedenced over any other particles placed in front of the word (such as the article ik).
ik na gwüt the multitude of men
For the definite Plural the word indicating the defined amount (e.g. a number) is placed before the word.
ćim gwüt 3 men
üdrö gwüt 5 men (lit: a hand of men)
Vocabulary
The biggest foreign influence on Saruzh historically came from the saruzh language, though loanwords from aydnirian and other languages also exist.
Sample Text
| Üxasi | Translation |
|---|---|
| ik gwüt dötrü tazaxa | The man kills the animal |
List of Üxasi Words
General List:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| duwafa | /duwafa/ | Language | |
| röga | /ɻœga/ | Kingdom | |
| gwüt | /gwyt/ | Man | |
| yadli | /jadli/ | Woman | |
| ufa | /ufa/ | Child | |
| ćawüg | /tɕawyg / | Person, Human | |
| djül | /djyl/ | Animal | |
| zaxa | /zaxa/ | Thing | |
| tönra | /tœnɻa / | Sky | |
| hi | /hi/ | Light | |
| tönranahi | /tœnranahi/ | Morning, Sunrise | |
| üdrö | /ydrœ/ | Hand | If used together with a noun denotes 5 pieces/units of sth. |
Geography:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| röga üxasi | /ɻœga yxazi/ | Üxasi | |
| röga sarućasi | /ɻœga zaɻutɕazi/ | Saruzhan | |
| örövidil | /œɻœwidil/ | Outland, Abroad,Aclus | Saruzh Loanwoard |
Numbers:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| iti | /iti/ | 0 | |
| dag | /dag/ | 1 | |
| fru | /fɻu/ | 2 | |
| ćim | /tɕim/ | 3 |
Verbs:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| urönu | /uɻœnu/ | to eat | u/nu indicates infinitve, stem is urö |
| bazu | /bazu/ | to sit | |
| finu | /finu/ | to give | stem is fin |
| dötru | /dœtɻu/ | to kill |
Adjectives:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| bitaf | /bitaf/ | blue, royal | blue -> royal, due to Üxa Monarchs traditionally wearing blue garb |
Prepositions:
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| bö | /bœ/ | on, onto |
Grammar:
Words used for grammatical constucts.
| Üxasi | IPA | Translation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| üt(i) | /yt/ | I | Pronoun |
| nim(i) | /nim/ | you (singular) | Pronoun |
| zut(i) | /zut/ | he/she | Pronoun |
| xö | /xœ/ | we | Pronoun |
| banu | /banu/ | you (plural) | Pronoun |
| füwa | /fywa/ | they | Pronoun |
| na | /na/ | indefinite plural marker | |
| ida,idi | /ida,idi/ | my | Pronoun |
| nića,nići | /nitɕa/ | your | Pronoun |
| zala,zali | /zala , zali/ | his, her | Pronoun |
| xuda | /xuda/ | our | Pronoun |
| üćna | /ytɕna/ | your | Pronoun |
| furga | /fuɻga/ | their | Pronoun |
| traf(i) | /tɻaf/ | this | Pronoun |
| trüg(i) | /tɻyg/ | that | Pronoun |
| mlad | /mlad/ | here | Pronoun |
| dadu | /dadu/ | there | Pronoun |