Qazhshavan (Qazhshavan: Марша Гԙл, Marşa Gyel [ˈmar.ʃa ɣjæ̝l] ; Маршашла, Marşaşla [ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽] ) is a unique langauge spoken in Southern Thuadia, primarily in the Qazhshavan Federation and adjacent areas. It is the only major language in the Mokhavic language family, and the most spoken. It serves as a lingua franca in Qazhshava and among all Mokhavic peoples.

Qazhshavan is also the main language of some areas of Western Thrismari, being notable the case of Nashe, a former colony of Qazhshava and current federal subject of Riamo where the language constitutes a major part of local culture. It is also an important factor that has contributed towards the pro-independentist movement in the region.

Basic information

Qazhshavan
Mezhian-Qazhshavan
Qazhshavan; Mezhian-Qazhshavan
Марша Гԙл, Маръашла; Marşa Gyel, Marşaşla
Pronunciation	[ˈmar.ʃa ɣjæ̝l] ; [ˈmar.ʃa.ʃla̽]
Native to	Qazhshava
Region	Southern Thuadia
Native speakers	85 million (2018)
Language family	Mokhavic Khokhta Qazhshavan; Mezhian-Qazhshavan; ;
Early form	Middle Qazhshavan
Standard forms	Mezhian (Qazhshava) Nashean/Riamese (Riamo)
Dialects	Meadow; Hill; Karakach; Nashean/Riamese;
Writing system	Traditional Qazhshavan; (in Qazhshava); Cyrillic; (in Qazhshava & Kentalis); Latin; (in Qazhshava and abroad); Protopolyash; (abroad); Qazhshavan Braile;
Official status
Official language in	Qazhshava; Riamo Republic of Gomaya; City of Nashe; ;
Regulated by	Qazhshavan Council of Languages
Language codes
ISO 639-1	qz
ISO 639-2	qzs
ISO 639-3	qzs
Glottolog	qazh1331
	Distribution of the language; Absolute majority; >35% native speakers
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Qazhshavan is a Pro-Drop agglutinative SVO/SOV language with a moderately complex syllable structure, it puts adjectives before nouns and has postpositions. It has a high number of cases (12~14) compared to its neighbors and shares very little grammar with them. The language is neutorious with its long words.

Writing system

Qazhshavan has 3 official writing systems, of which the Govoric one dominates, it also has an unnoficial verion of it's Latin alphabet which is used mainly by people outside of qazhshava or ones who aren't able to type the special characters. The Traditional Qazhshavan script is used mainly in official documents, not so much in the daily life, but it is kept allive.

Govoric alphabet:

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Д д	Е е	Ж ж	З з	И и
Й й	К к	Л л	М м	Н н	Ҥ ҥ	О о	Ө ө	П п
Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ў ў	Ф ф	Х х	X̆ x̆	Ц ц
Дз дз	Ч ч	Дж.дж	Ш ш	Щ щ	Ь ь	Ы ы	Ю ю	Я я
Ԙ ԙ

Latin alphabet:

A a	B b	C c	Ç ç	D d	Dz dz	E e	F f	G g
H h	Hh hh	I i	J j	K k	L l	M m	N n	N̈ n̈
O o	Ö ö	P p	Q q	R r	S s	Ş ş	T t	Ts ts
U u	V v	W w	X x	Y y	Ÿ ÿ	Z z	Ӡ ӡ

- version	Govoric version	Latin version		IPA Symbol	Notes
- version	Govoric version	Offical	Unofficial	IPA Symbol	Notes
	А а	A a		/a~ɑ/
	Б б	B b		/b/
	В в	V v		/v/
	Г г	G g		/ɣ/	It can get pronounced as /g/ in foreing word and/or when its doubled or in a stressed syllable
	Д д	D d		/d/
	Е е	E e		/ɛ/
	Ж ж	Ӡ ӡ	Zh zh	/ʒ/
	З з	Z z		/z/
	И и	I i		/i~ɨ/	When its before a vowel it gets pronounced as /ij/.
	Й й	Y y		/j/	Used after vowels and as first letter. J j is used as /j/ in forein words.
	К к	K k		/k/
	Л л	L l		/l/
	М м	M m		/m/
	Н н	N n		/n/
	Ҥ ҥ	N̈ n̈	Ng ng	/ŋ/
	О о	O o		/ɔ/
	Ө ө	Ö ö	Oe oe	/ø̞/
	П п	P p		/p/
	Кф кф	Q q		/k͡f/
	Р р	R r		/ɾ/
	С с	S s		/s/
	Т т	T t		/t/
	У у	U u		/u~ʊ/	It gets pronounsed as /w/ when a final vowel.
	Ў ў	W w		/w/
	Ф ф	F f		/f/
	Х х	H h		/x/
	X̆ x̆	Hh hh		/ħ/
	Ц ц	Ts ts		/t͡s/
	Дз дз	Dz dz		/d͡z/
	Ч ч	Ç ç	Ch ch	/t͡ʃ/
	Дж дж	C c		/d͡ʒ/
	Ш ш	Ş ş	Sh sh	/ʃ/
	Щ щ	Şt şt	Sht sht	//
	Ь ь	Y y		/◌ʲ/	Used only after consonants. J j can be it in foreign words.
	Ы ы	Ý ý		/ɤ~ɯ/
	Ю ю	Yu yu	Ü ü *	/ju/
	Я я	Ya ya	Ä ä *	/ja/
	Ԙ ԙ	Ye ye	Ë ë *	/jɛ~jæ̝/	Pronounciation varies thourghout dialects
	Кс кс	X x Ks ks		/k͡s/	The latin 'X x' is used only in foreign words

Phonology


		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Epiglottal
Nasal		m		n			ŋ
Plosive	voiceless	p	t				k
Plosive	voiced	b	d				(ɡ)
Affricate	voiceless			t͡s	t͡ʃ
Affricate	voiced			d͡z	d͡ʒ
Fricative	voiceless	f		s	ʃ		x	ħ
Fricative	voiced	v		z	ʒ		ɣ
Aproximant	voiced	w		l		j
Tap & Trill	voiced			ɾ


	Front	Back
Close	i~ɨ	u~ʊ ɤ~ɯ
Mid	ø̞	u~ʊ ɤ~ɯ
Open-Mid	ɛ (æ̝)	ɔ
Open	a~ɑ

Pronouns

Qazhshavan has basic pronouns that one would find in Common, but has 2 forms of "we" (inclusive and exclusive) as well as the 12 cases:

Translation to Common	Person and number		Nom.	Acc.	Dat.	Gen.	Ine.	Ade.	Supe.	Sube.	Ill.	Ela.	Ben.	Voc.
I, Me	First	Singular	Ԙм Yem	Ԙми Yemi	Ԙмити Yemiti	Мей Mey	Ԙмне Yemne	Мыԙ Mÿye	Ԙмеми Yememi	Ԙмемөш Yememöş	Ԙмдже Yemce	Ԙмеж Yemeӡ	Ԙмек Yemek
You, Your	Second		Шин Şin	Шини Şini	Шинити Şiniti	Ший Şiy	Шинне Şinne	Шыԙ Şÿye	Шинеми Şinemi	Шинемөш Şinemöş	Шиндже Şince	Шинеж Şineӡ	Шинек Şinek	Ши'! Şi'!
He, him	Third		Ой Oy	Ойы Oyÿ	Ойыти Oyÿti	Ойин Oyin	Ойни Oyni	Ойо Oyo	Ойеми Oyemi	Ойемөш Oyemöş	Ойдже Oyce	Ойеж Oyeӡ	Ойек Oyek
She, her			Ай Ay	Айы Ayÿ	Айыти Ayÿti	Айин Ayin	Айни Ayni	Ая Aya	Аями Ayami	Аямөш Ayamöş	Айджа Ayca	Аяж Ayaӡ	Аяк Ayak
It			Лы Lÿ	Ойы Oyÿ	Ойыти Oyÿti	Ойин Oyin	Ойни Oyni	Ойо Oyo	Ойеми Oyemi	Ойемөш Oyemöş	Ойдже Oyce	Ойеж Oyeӡ	Ойек Oyek
Myself	First		Ԙмлы Yemlÿ	Ԙмлыи Yemlÿi	Ԙмлыити Yemlÿiti	Мейлы Meylÿ	Ԙмлыне Yemlÿne	Мылыԙ Mÿlÿye	Ԙмлыеми Yemlÿemi	Ԙмлыемөш Yemlÿemöş	Ԙмлыдже Yemlÿce	Ԙмлылеж Yemlÿleӡ	Ԙмлыек Yemlÿek
Yourselves	Second		Шинлы Şinlÿ	Шинлыи Şinlÿi	Шинлыити Şinlÿiti	Шийлы Şiylÿ	Шинлыне Şinlÿne	Шылыԙ Şÿlÿye	Шинлыеми Şinlÿemi	Шинлыемөш Şinlÿemöş	Шинлыдже Şinlÿce	Шинлылеж Şinlÿleӡ	Шинлыек Şinlÿek
Himself	Thirds		Ойлы Oylÿ	Ойлылы Oylÿlÿ	Ойлылыти Oylÿlÿti	Ойлыин Oylÿin	Ойлыни Oylÿni	Ойлыо Oylÿo	Ойлыеми Oylÿemi	Ойлыемөш Oylÿemöş	Ойлыдже Oylÿce	Ойлылеж Oylÿleӡ	Ойлыек Oylÿek
Herself	Thirds		Айлы Aylÿ	Айлылы Aylÿlÿ	Айлылыти Aylÿlÿti	Айлыин Aylÿin	Айлыни Aylÿni	Айлыа Aylÿa	Айлыами Aylÿami	Айлыамөш Aylÿamöş	Айлыджа Aylÿca	Айлылаж Aylÿlaӡ	Айлыак Aylÿak
Itself	Thirds		Лылыл Lÿlÿl	Ойлылы Oylÿlÿ	Ойлылыти Oylÿlÿti	Ойлыин Oylÿin	Ойлыни Oylÿni	Ойлыо Oylÿo	Ойлыеми Oylÿemi	Ойлыемөш Oylÿemöş	Ойлыдже Oylÿce	Ойлылеж Oylÿleӡ	Ойлыек Oylÿek
We, us (Exclusive)	First	Plural (Formal)	Меԙ Meye	Мейи Meyi	Мейити Meyiti	Мерши Merşi	Мейне Meyne	Най Nay	Меԙми Meyemi	Меԙмөш Meyemöş	Мейдже Meyce	Меԙж Meyeӡ	Меԙк Meyek
We, us (Inclusive)	First		Мейше Meyşe	Мейши Meyşi	Мейшити Meyşiti	Мешерши Meşerşi	Мейшне Meyşne	Найш Nayş	Мейшеми Meyşemi	Мейшемөш Meyşemöş	Мейшдже Meyşce	Мейшеж Meyşeӡ	Мейшек Meyşek
You (plr.)	Second		Шеԙ Şeye	Шейи Şeyi	Шейити Şeyiti	Шерши Şerşi	Шейне Şeyne	Шай Şay	Шеԙми Şeyemi	Шеԙмөш Şeyemöş	Шейдже Şeyce	Шеԙж Şeyeӡ	Шеԙк Şeyek	Шеԙ! Şeye!
They, them	Third		Але Ale	Али Ali	Алити Aliti	Алерше Alerşe	Алени Aleni	Алай Alay	Алеми Alemi	Алемөш Alemöş	Алдже Alce	Алеж Aleӡ	Алек Alek
Ourselves (exclusive)	First		Меԙлы Meyelÿ	Мейлыи Meylÿi	Мейлыити Meylÿiti	Мелырши Melÿrşi	Мейлыне Meylÿne	Найлы Naylÿ	Мейлыеми Meylÿemi	Мейлыемөш Meylÿemöş	Мейлыдже Meylÿce	Мейлылеж Meylÿleӡ	Мейлыек Meylÿek
Ourselves (inclusive)	First		Мейшелы Meyşelÿ	Мейшлыи Meyşlÿi	Мейшлыити Meyşlÿiti	Мешлыерши Meşlÿerşi	Мейшлыне Meyşlÿne	Найшлы Nayşlÿ	Мейшлыеми Meyşlÿemi	Мейшлыемөш Meyşlÿemöş	Мейшлыдже Meyşlÿce	Мейшлылеж Meyşlÿleӡ	Мейшлыек Meyşlÿek
Yourselves	Second		Шеԙлы Şeyelÿ	Шейлыи Şeylÿi	Шейлыити Şeylÿiti	Шелырши Şelÿrşi	Шейлыне Şeylÿne	Шайлы Şaylÿ	Шейлыеми Şeylÿemi	Шейлыемөш Şeylÿemöş	Шейлыдже Şeylÿce	Шейлылеж Şeylÿleӡ	Шейлыек Şeylÿek
Themselves	Thirds		Алелы Alelÿ	Аллыи Allÿi	Аллыити Allÿiti	Алелырше Alelÿrşe	Алелыни Alelÿni	Алалый Alalÿy	Алелыми Alelÿmi	Алелымөш Alelÿmöş	Аллыдже Allÿce	Аллылеж Allÿleӡ	Аллыек Allÿek

Nouns

Vowel harmony

Words with the last vowel being part of the 'thich' vowels (⟨a⟩ ⟨ы/ÿ⟩ ⟨o⟩ ⟨я/ya⟩) get the vowel -a-
Words with the last vowel being part of the 'thin' vowels (⟨и/i⟩ ⟨e⟩ ⟨ө/ö⟩ ⟨y/u⟩ ⟨ю/yu⟩) get the vowel -e-

Grammatical Number

Qazhshavan has 3 grammatical numbers:

Singular: used for when there is exaclty 1 of the object
Plural: used for 2 or more of the object

Defenite article

Qazhshavan has two types of definite articles (singular and plural) and no indefinite.

Both definite articles are prefixes:
Definite singular: ан’- / an’-
Definite plural: x̆е(т)’- / hhe(t)’-

Grammatical Cases

Qazhshavan has 12 grammatical cases.

Nominative: Subject
Accusative: Interract with the Subject (hear, hit, harm...)
Dative: to the Subject
Genitive: Possesed by the Subject
Inessive: In/Inside the Subject
Adessive: Neer by the Subject
Superessive: On top of the Subject
Subessive: Under the Subject
Illative: Moving into the Subject or an action towards it
Elative: Moving out of / from the Subject
Benefactial: for the Subject
Vocative: calling the Subject

It also has the suffixes for making nouns into Adjectives and Adverbs.

Case	Suffix		Quastion words		Example
Case	Suffix		Quastion words		Thick Harmony	Thin Harmony
Nominative	-	-(v)л -(v)l	кьем, тьем kyem, tyem (who, what)	кьел, тьел kyel, tyel (who, what - plr)	Тафa Tafa (Bow; subject)	Куч Kuç (Dog; subject)
Accusative	-(v)ў -(v)w	-(v)лу -(v)lu	кьемек, тьемек kyemek, tyemek (whom, what)	кьелк, тьелк kyelk, tyelk (whom, what - plr)	Тафаў Tafaw (Bow; Object)	Кучеў Kuçew (Dog; Object)
Dative	-ти -ti	-(v)лти -(v)lti	кьемти, тьемти kyemti, tyemti (to whom, to what)	кьелти, тьелти kyelti, tyelti (to whom, to what - plr)	Тафaти Tafati (to a bow)	Кучти Kuçti (to a dog)
Genitive	-(v)н -(v)л(v)н	-(v)n -(v)l(v)n	кьен, тьен kyen, tyen (whose, what's)	кьелен, тьелен kyelen, tyelen (whose, whay's - plr)	Тафан Tafan (a bow's)	Кучен Kuçen (a dog's)
Inessive	-(v)щ -(v)şt	-(v)л(v)щ -(v)l(v)şt	кьещ, тьещ kyeşt, tyeşt (on who, where)		Тафащ Tafaşt (in/inside a bow)	Кучещ Kuçeşt (in/inside a dog)
Adessive	-(v)й -(v)y	-(v)л(v)й -(v)l(v)y	кьей, тьей kyey, tyey (next to who,/what)	кьей, тьей kyey, tyey (next to who,/what - plr)	Тафай Tafay (neer a bow)	Кучей Kuçey (neer a dog)
Superessive	-ми -mi	-(v)лми -(v)lmi	кьеми, тьеми kyemi, tyemi (on top of who,/what)	кьеми, тьеми kyemi, tyemi (on top of who,/what -plr)	Тафaми Tafami (on top of/above a bow)	Кучми Kuçmi (on top of/above a dog)
Subessive	-мө -mö	-(v)лмө -(v)lmö	кьемө, тьемө kyemö, tyemö (under who,/what)	кьемө, тьемө kyemö, tyemö (under who,/what -plr)	Тафaмө Tafamö (under a bow)	Кучмө Kuçmö (under a dog)
Illative	-(v)ж -(v)ӡ	-(v)л(v)ж -(v)l(v)ӡ	кьеж, тьеж kyeӡ, tyeӡ (towards who,/what)	кьележ, тьележ kyeleӡ, tyeleӡ (towards who, what - plr)	Тафаж Tafaӡ (towards/going into a bow)	Кучеж Kuçeӡ (towards/going into a dog)
Elative	-(v)дж(v) -(v)c(v)	-(v)лдж(v) -(v)lc(v)	кьеджe, тьеджe kyece, tyece (out of who,/what)	кьелджe, тьелджe kyelce, tyelce (out of who,/what - plr)	Тафаджа Tafaca (away from/going out of a bow)	Кучедже Kuçece (away from/going out of a dog)
Benefactial	-(v)к -(v)k	-(v)л(v)к -(v)l(v)k	кьем, тьем kyem, tyem (for who,/what)	кьел, тьел kyel, tyel (for who,/what - plr)	Тафак Tafak (for a bow)	Кучек Kuçek (for a dog)
Vocative	-(c)e	-(v)/o			Тафo Tafo (calling a bow)	Куче Kuçe (calling a dog)
Adjectives	-(v)в -(v)v	-(v)л(v)в -(v)l(v)v			Тафaв Tafav (bow; adjective)	Кучeв Kuçev (dog; adjective)
Adverbs	-(v)д -(v)d	-(v)лд -(v)ld			Тафaд Tafad (bow; adverb)	Кучeд Kuçed (dog; adverb)

Qazhshavan uses Comparison forms of Adjectives and Adverbs:

Positive - Bassic form of the word- happy - шасив / şasiv
Negative - Negation of the word - unhappy - нөшасив / nöşasiv
Comparitive - Form for comparison relative to something - happier - ю-шасив / yu-şasiv
Superlative - Form showing absolute relative to a group - happiest - я-шасив / ya-şasiv
Augmentative - Form showing absolute position without a relative - ultimately happy - я-я-шасив / ya-ya-şasiv

Possesive suffixes

Qazhshavan has a number of Possessive suffixes that show to whom an object belongs too, though one can use the genitive form of a pronoun instead, and by doing so bringing more emphesis on the owner.

Person & number		Suffix	Examples
			Пал/Pal - oven	Енеш/Eneş - Shirt
			Thick harmony	Thin harmony
1st	Singular	-(v)м/m	Палым Palÿm	Енешим Eneşim
2nd		-(v)ш/ş	Палыш Palÿş	Енешиш Eneşiş
3d M		-(v)йо/yo	Палыйо Palÿyo	Енешийо Eneşiyo
3d F		-(v)йо/yo	Палыйa Palÿya	Енешийa Eneşiya
3d N		-(v)йо/yo	Палыйо Palÿyo	Енешийо Eneşiyo
1st	Plural	-(v)меԙ/meye	Палымар Palÿmar	Енешимер Eneşimer
2nd		-(v)шеԙ/şeye	Палышар Palÿşar	Енешишер Eneşişer
3d		-(v)ле/le	Палылар Palÿlar	Енешилер Eneşiler

Verbs

Tense-Aspect-Mood

Qazhshavan has 4 tenses and each has 2 aspects, and 2 moods:

Mood	Person	Number	Past		Present		Future		Future in the past
Mood	Person	Number	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Continious	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1st	Singular	Таиeдым Taiedÿ·m	Таиeдым’аҥ Taiedÿ·m’an̈	Таим Taim		Таиeчeм Taieçem	Таиeчeм’аҥ Taieçem’an̈	Таиeчeшым Taieçeşÿm	Таиeчeшым’аҥ Taieçeşÿm’an̈
		Plural exclusive	Таиeдыме Taiedÿme	Таиeдыме’аҥ Taiedÿme’an̈	Таиме Taime		Таиeчeме Taieçeme	Таиeчeме’аҥ Taieçeme’an̈	Таиeчeшыме Taieçeşÿme	Таиeчeшыме’аҥ Taieçeşÿme’an̈
		Plural inclusive	Таиeдымше Taiedÿmşe	Таиeдымше’аҥ Taiedÿmşe’an̈	Таимше Taimşe		Таиeчeмше Taieçemşe	Таиeчeмше’аҥ Taieçemşe’an̈	Таиeчeшымше Taieçeşÿmşe	Таиeчeшымше’аҥ Taieçeşÿmşe’an̈

	2nd	Singular	Таиeдыш Taiedÿş	Таиeдыш’аҥ Taiedÿş’an̈	Таиш Taiş		Таиeчeш Taieçeş	Таиeчeш’аҥ Taieçeş’an̈	Таиeчeшыш Taieçeşÿş	Таиeчeшыш’аҥ Taieçeşÿş’an̈
	2nd	Plural	Таиeдыше Taiedÿşe	Таиeдыше’аҥ Taiedÿşe’an̈	Таише Taişe		Таиeчeше Taieçeşe	Таиeчeше’аҥ Taieçeşe’an̈	Таиeчeшыше Taieçeşÿşe	Таиeчeшыше’аҥ Taieçeşÿşe’an̈

	3d	Singular	Таиeдый Taiedÿy	Таиeдый’аҥ Taiedÿy’an̈	Таийи Taiyi		Таиeчeй Taieçey	Таиeчeй’аҥ Taieçey’an̈	Таиeчeшый Taieçeşÿy	Таиeчeшый’аҥ Taieçeşÿy’an̈
	3d	Plural	Таиeдыԙ Taiedÿye	Таиeдыԙ’аҥ Taiedÿye’an̈	Таиԙ Taiy		Таиeчeԙ Taieçeye	Таиeчeԙ’аҥ Taieçeye’an̈	Таиeчeшыԙ Taieçeşÿye	Таиeчeшыԙ’аҥ Taieçeşÿye’an̈

Imperative	All	Singular			Таиeдзe Taiedze		Таиeдзeтe Taiedzete
		Plural			Таиeдзeл Taiedzel		Таиeдзeлтe Taiedzelte

Note: Vowels that follow vowel harmony are highlighted in a dark blue color

Pronouns+Be

Qazhshavan has the feature of pronounse mixed with the verb "be":

Person	Number	+be	+NEG-be	+will-be	+will-NEG-be
1st	Singular	Яме Yame	Ныяме Nÿyame	Ямече Yameçe	Ныямече Nÿyameçe
	Plural exclusive	Меирече Meireçe	Нимеирече Nimeireçe	Меирече Meireçe	Нимеирече Nimeireçe
	Plural inclusive	Мешир Meşir	Нимешир Nimeşir	Меширече Meşireçe	Нимеширече Nimeşireçe

2nd	Singular	Шир Şir	Нишир Nişir	Ширече Şireçe	Ниширече Nişireçe
	Plural	Шеир Şeir	Нишеир Nişeir	Шеирече Şeireçe	Нишеирече Nişeireçe

3d	Singular Masculine & Neuter	Ойир Oyir	Нуйир Nuyir	Ойирече Oyireçe	Нуйирече Nuyireçe
	Singular Feminine	Айир Ayir	Ныйир Nÿyir	Айирече Ayireçe	Ныйирече Nÿyireçe
	Plural	Алер Aler	Нылер Nÿler	Алерече Alereçe	Нылерече Nÿlereçe

Negation

The present and Past tenses get the simpler negation prefix, and the Future tense get the more complex one.

Past & Present	Future & Future in the past
Нө-<word> Nö-<word>	Нал-<word> Nal-<word>

Examples
Нөтаим Nötaim	Налтаиечем Naltaieçem
I'm not running i don't run	I'm not going to run

Нөтаиедыш Nötaiadÿş	Налтаиечешыш Naltaieçeşÿş
You didn't run	You weren't going to run

Нөтаиедзе Nötaiedze	Налтаиедзете Naltaiedzete
Don't run	Don't run later

Note: the past/present negation form is also used for adjectives and adverbs.

Affix order

The order of how words are formed with affixes:

Noun affix order
Definite-	Word	-Plurality	-Possessive	-Case/Adjective	-Question

Verb affix order
Negation-	Word	-Tense	-Person~Number	-Perfective	-Question

Numbers

Qazhshavan is a Decimal language, meaning it has a base 10 number system.

Literally translated "12" is "1 on (top of) 12", and 21 is "1 on (top of) 2-10" and so on.

Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)
1	Атыл Atÿl	11	Атылнеми Atÿlnemi	10	Ен En	101	Атыл-шехеми Atÿl-şehemi	100	Шех Şeh	1000	Огил Ogil
2	Кайы Kayÿ	12	Кайынеми Kayÿnemi	20	Кайыен Kayÿen	21	Атыл-кайыенми Atÿl-kayÿenemi	200	Кайышех Kayÿşeh	2000	Кайыогил Kayÿogil
3	Балы Balÿ	13	Балынеми Balÿnemi	30	Балыен Balÿen	31	Атыл-балыенеми Atÿl-balÿenemi	300	Балышех Balÿşeh	3000	Балыогил Balÿogil
4	Кулун Kulun	14	Кулуннеми Kulunnemi	40	Кулунен Kulunen	41	Атыл-кулунеми Atÿl-kulunemi	400	Кулуншех Kulunşeh	4000	Кулуногил Kulunogil
5	Боўгы Bowgÿ	15	Боўгынеми Bowgÿnemi	50	Боўгыeн Bowgÿen	51	Атыл-боўгыенеми Atÿl-bowgÿenemi	500	Боўгышех Bowgÿşeh	5000	Боўгыогил Bowgÿogil
6	Алшы Alşÿ	16	Алшынеми Alşÿnemi	60	Алшыен Alşÿ-En	61	Атыл-алшыенеми Atÿl-alşÿenemi	600	Алшышех Alşÿşeh	6000	Алшыогил Alşÿogil
7	Сувун Suvun	17	Сувуннеми Suvunnemi	70	Сувунен Suvunen	71	Атыл-сувуненеми Atÿl-Suvunenemmi	700	Сувуншех Suvunşeh	7000	Сувуногил Suvunogil
8	Ненте Nente	18	Нентенеми Nentenemi	80	Нентеен Nenteen	81	Атыл-нентенеми Atÿl-nentenemi	800	Нентешех Nenteşeh	8000	Нентеогил Nenteogil
9	Талы Talÿ	19	Талынеми Talÿnemi	90	Талыен Talÿen	91	Атыл-талыенеми Atÿl-talÿenemi	900	Талышех Talÿşeh	9000	Талыогил Talÿogil

Questions

Yes-No type

Qazhshavan forms Yes and No questions with a quesiton suffix:

Queastion affix
Thick Harmony	Thin Harmony
<word>-кы <word>-kÿ	<word>-ки <word>-ki

Examples
Гаяшкы Gayaşkÿ	Таишки Taişki
Are you Fishing?	Are you Running?

Aн’ягенкы? An’yagenkÿ?	Aн’Кучԙки? An’Kuçeyeki?
Inside the House?	Neer the dogs?

Таиш ан’ягaжкы? Taiş аn’yagajkÿ?	Ԙечешки aйы? Yeeçeşki ayÿ?
You're running from/out of the house?	Are you going to see her?

Wh- type

"Wh- type" questions are pretty straight forward, as they just add another word to the mix.

Dialects

Qazhshavan is generally split into 3 dialect groups that form a continuem, from Karakach to the mountain passes to the west.

Nashean

Nashean Qazhshavan, commonly just Nashean, is a dialect spoken in and around the region of Nashe, Riamo, it is a resault of settlers left over from colonial times, it's has Phonetic influence from the Riamese langauge spoken there and many loanwords.

Lnaguage examples

Common words and sentances
Qazhshavan Govoric	Qazhshavan Latin	Common	Gloss Literal meaning	IPA
Хялдза / Хял.	Hyaldzа / Hyal.	Hello / Hi (singular)	health-2S-IMP health	/ˈxʲal.d͡za/ /xʲal/
Хялдзал / Хял.	Hyaldzаl / Hyal.	Hello / Hi (plr. & pauc.)	health-2P-IMP health	/xʲalˈd͡zal/ /xʲal/
Нԙлeв шагю.	Nyelev şagyu.	Good morning.	good.adj morning	/ɲæ̝.lav ˈʃaɣju/
Нԙлeв ичин.	Nyelev için.	Good afternoon/day	good.adj day	/ɲæ̝.lav it͡ʃin/
Нԙлeв хачи.	Nyelev haçi.	Good evening	good.adj night	/ɲæ̝l.lav ˈxa.t͡ʃi/
Иишeв хачи.	Iişev haçi.	Good night	Soft.adj night	/i.jiʃ.lav ˈxa.t͡ʃi/
Сиджа ԙeй / Сам	Sica yeey / Sam	Goodbye / Bye	next see-ADE bye	/ˈsa.d͡ʒa jæ̝ːj/ /sam/
Лан руш шинлы?	Lan ruş şinlÿ?	What's your name?	how say-2S yourself	/lan ɾuˈʃ‿in.lɤ/
Рум ԙмлы ___	Rum yemlÿ ___	My name is ___	say-1S myself ___	/ɾum ˈjæ̝m.lɤ/
Шир аладжa?	Şir alaca?	Where are you from?	2S.be where-ELA	/ʃiɾ ˈa.la.d͡ʒa/
Яме ___(-е/а)дж(-е/а)	Yamе ___(-е/а)c(-е/а)	I'm from ___	1S.be ___-ELA	/ja.mɛ ___-ɛ/a.d͡ʒɛ/a/
Лан шир?	Lan şir?	How are you?	how 2S.be	/lan ʃiɾ/
Яме нԙлeв	Yame nyelev	I'm good/alright/okay	1S.be good-adj	/ja.mɛ ˈɲæ̝.lav/
Яме нөнԙлeв	Yame nönyelev	I'm not good/okay/alright	1S.be NEG-good-adj

Sample text

"The Qal-Hhana river"
"Ан’мош Кал-X̆ана" - "Аn’moş Kal-Hhana"
-
in Common:	-	in Qazhshavan (Govoric):	-	in Qazhshavan (Latin):
Ан’Кал-X̆анав лаол саяхачая кунед, аледе саяхачая x̆е’кайал бунед, саяхачая гаял не деел рунед, не лудалал дуурeчeԙ’аҥ.	-	An’Kal-Hhanav laol sayahaçaya kuned, alede sayahaçaya hhe’layal buned, sayahaçaya gayal ne deel runed, ne ludalal duureçeye’an̈.	-	The waters of the Qal-Hhan will continue to flow, they'll continue to hit the rocks, there will continue to be lots of fish and frogs, and the floods will also be filled.

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Qazhshavan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Qazhshavan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[1]

Lozhai language

Contents

Basic information

Writing system

Phonology

Pronouns

Nouns

Vowel harmony

Grammatical Number

Defenite article

Grammatical Cases

Possesive suffixes

Verbs

Tense-Aspect-Mood

Pronouns+Be

Negation

Affix order

Numbers

Questions

Yes-No type

Wh- type

Dialects

Nashean

Lnaguage examples

Sample text

Navigation menu

Lozhai language

Basic information

Writing system

Phonology

Pronouns

Nouns

Vowel harmony

Grammatical Number

Defenite article

Grammatical Cases

Possesive suffixes

Verbs

Tense-Aspect-Mood

Pronouns+Be

Negation

Affix order

Numbers

Questions

Yes-No type

Wh- type

Dialects

Nashean

Lnaguage examples

Sample text

Navigation menu

Search