Black Hand (Zorasan)
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| Black Hand | |
|---|---|
| الأسود كَفّ Kaff al-Aswad | |
 Emblem of the Black Hand | |
| Founders | Unknown Mustafa al-Kharadji (suspected) |
| Leaders | 1953-1969 (unknown) Ezatollah Ashtari (1969-1977) Abdul-Nazir Jadid (1977-1979) |
| Dates of operation | 11 April 1953 - 30 October 1979 |
| Motives | Unification of Zorasan Overthrow of pro-Euclean Badawiyan governments |
| Headquarters | Unknown |
| Active regions | Zorasan, Tsabara |
| Ideology | Sattarism Pan-Zorasanism Anti-colonialism |
| Allies |  Union of Khazestan and Pardaran |
| Opponents | Kexri Republic (1953-1964) North Khazestan (1953-1968) Emirate of Irvadistan (1953-1968) Confederation of Riyadha (1953-1973)  Irvadi People's Republic (1968-1979) |
The Black Hand (Badawiyan: الأسود كَفّ; Kaff al-Aswad), officially known as the Black Hand of National Redemption ( وَطَنيّ الأسود كَفّ خَلاص; Kaff al-Aswad al-Waṭaniyy Ķalāṣ) was a militant Sattarist and Pan-Zorasanist group established in 1953, until its dissolution in 1979. The Black Hand played a prominent role during Zorasani unification, being responsible for numerous major terror attacks, assassinations and other operations against the Badawiyan governments opposing the unification of Zorasan.
