List of Themiclesian monarchs

The following is a near-complete list of all monarchs who have ruled as sovereigns of Themiclesia.

Pre-treaty

See also: Treaty of Five Kings

Tsjinh parriarchs

The Springs and Autumns of Six States, writting around the 4th century CE, provides a long list of known monarchs of all the states in Themiclesia during the Hexarchy. Though accepted as historical canon, they have been considerably revised by unearthed texts and historical research.

The Springs and Autumns provides a list of 32 "parriarchs" (徹先公), conventionally interpreted as leading figures in the lineage of the Tsjinh ruling house, but the first ten figures are usually considered mythological for several reasons. First, their names recaptulate the ten-member heavenly stem sequence in exact order, which stands in complete contrast with the 22 following names, where there are no sequences at all. Second, the Springs and Autumns state that they were ten members in a single generation, which also seems extremely unusual in light of reconstructed succession orders, which saw, at most, five reign after each other. Third, their names are never mentioned in the cyclical sacrifice oracles, which record the list of venerated parriarchs almost unerringly. Finally, anthropologists think the first ten rulers were imagined by later writers as a rationalization for the Tsjinh clan's original kinship structure, forgotten in later ages because it was either overthrown or fell into disuse, never written down in either case.

From the figure of High Prjang′, the lineage becomes far less problematic. A considerable number of scholars think that High Prjang′ is the first historical figure in the Tsjinh lineage, though his whereabouts and activities "will almost certainly never be knonwn". Some sources date him to the 8th or 9th century BCE, though others believe that even an approximate date cannot be established, since his biological relationship with the succeeding members of the list is yet uncertain. The historical part of the lineage is reconstructed by comparison between oracular plates. In the 19th century, the veracity of the earlier part of the lineage was placed under question, despite their similarity to oracular charges to lists of ancestors. However, as more caches of oracular inscriptions were found, it was discovered that many lineages converge towards a common ancestry. For example:

Generations	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Lineage 1	P.rjang’	'Rjut	Njem	Têng	Krap	Kje	P.rjang’	'Rjut	K.rang	Têng
Lineage 2	P.rjang’	'Rjut	Njem	Têng	Krap	Kje	K.rang	Kwji'	P.rjang’	'Rjut
Lineage 3	P.rjang’	'Rjut	Njem	Têng	Krap	Kje	K.rang	Kwji'	P.rjang’	Sjin

In this case, lineages 1 and 2 would be said to converge at the sixth generation, and lineages 2 and 3 at the ninth, where the identity of their respective ancestors are considered too remote to be a sheer coincidence. The main lineage most similar to that recovered from historical documents is attested on over 54 separate instances, making the matter "virtually beyond question" in an age where there is very little evidence of mutual contact between diverging branches of the family, beyond a cultic context, or motivation to create a common ancestry. This conclusion is further buttressed by archaeological dating of the sites where these lineages are recovered.

There is a degree of variance between the oracular and Springs and Autumns record prior to the reign of Pêk. It begins to record historical events for Tsjinh state beginning in his reign. The motivation of this historiographic change is still unclear, but it seems connected to a century of instability in the lineage, changes to succession rules, and the nature of kingship. It has been argued by some that the author of the Springs and Autumns was not aware of a collegiate nature of kingship before Pêk's reign, thus the omission of certain figures found in the oracular record, which may still have been available in the 4th century.

Temp

Gen.	Textual name		Name		Reign	Bronze	Oracle	Texts	Oracular name		Consort(s)		Notes
1	Krap	甲				No	No	Yes					Considered mythical by historians
	'Rjut	乙				No	No	Yes
	P.rjang’	丙				No	No	Yes
	Têng	丁				No	No	Yes
	Mjet	戊				No	No	Yes
	Kje'	己				No	No	Yes
	K.rang	庚				No	No	Yes
	Sjin	辛				No	No	Yes
	Njem	壬				No	No	Yes
	Kwrji'	癸				No	No	Yes
2	P.rjang’	高祖丙				No	Yes	Yes	High P.rjang’	高祖丙	Consort Krap	奭甲
3	'Rjut	祖乙				No	Yes	Yes	High 'Rjut	高祖乙
						No	Yes	No	Njem	祖壬
4	Têng	大祖丁				No	Yes	Yes	High Têng	高祖丁
						No	Yes	No	Krap	祖甲
						No	Yes	No	Former Kje'	先祖己
	P.rjang’	大祖丙				No	Yes	Yes	2nd Prjang	二祖丙
5	'Rjut	祖乙			7th c. BCE (?)	Yes	Yes	Yes	'Rjut	祖乙
	K.rang	祖庚	Gjên	臣	6th c. BCE (?)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Former K.rang	先祖庚
6	Elder Brother Têng	大兄丁				Yes	Yes	No	Long Têng	延祖丁
						No	Yes	No	Njem	祖壬
7	Krap	祖甲				No	Yes	Yes	2nd Krap	二祖甲		4
						No	Yes	No	2nd Têng	二祖丁
	Middle Brother P.rjang’	中兄丙				Yes	Yes	Yes	3rd P.rjang’	三祖丙
						No	Yes	No	Earlier Sjin	先祖辛
						No	Yes	No	Mjet	祖戊
8						No	Yes	No	Later Sjin	後祖辛
	P.rjang’	小丙	Sngja	寫		Yes	Yes	Yes	4th Prjang	四祖丙
9	'Rjut	小乙				No	Yes	Yes	3rd 'Rjut	三祖乙
10	K.rang	小庚				No	Yes	Yes	Later K.rang	後祖庚
					4th c. (?)	No	Yes	Yes	3rd Têng	三祖丁
11	Krap	次祖甲	Ser	先	4th c. (?)	Yes	Yes	Yes	3rd Krap	三祖甲
	Kje'	祖己	K.rjang	景	4th c. (?)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Later Kje'	後祖己
12	P.rjang’	父丙	Gw(r)et	滑		Yes	Yes	Yes	5th P.rjang’	五祖丙
13	Elder Brother 'Rjut	大兄乙	S(ts)rêng	生	4th c.	No	Yes	Yes	4th 'Rjut	四祖乙
	Parriarch P.rjang’	公丙	Pêk	辟	295 – 260	Yes	Yes	Yes	6th Prjang	六祖丙
14	Parriarch Sjin	公辛	Stsrorh	算	260 – 254	Yes	Yes	Yes	3rd Sjin	三祖辛
15	Parriarch Krap	惠公甲	Ga′	戶	254 – 220	Yes	Yes	Yes	4th Krap	四祖甲
14	Complex Parriarch Têng	文公丁	Ran	闌	220 – 217	Yes	Yes	Yes	4th Têng	四祖丁
15	Parriarch K.rang	公庚	K.rak	各	217 – 202	Yes	Yes	Yes	3rd K.rang	三祖庚
(16)	Prince	公子	Rui	雷	202	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Rui	子雷			Six Princes' Quarrel
	Prince	公子	Ghor	桓	201	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Ghor	子桓
	Prince	公子	Djêng	成	201	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Têng	子成
	Prince	公子	Gem	含	201	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Gem	子含
	Prince	公子	Tjebh	摯	200	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Tjebh	子摯
	Prince	公子	N′onh	患	200	Yes	No	Yes	Prince N′onh	子患
17	Bright Parriarch	昭公	N′ubh	退	200 – 168	Yes	Yes	Yes	Bright K.rang	昭祖庚
	Tranquil Parriarch	平公	P′rjang	亨	168 – 154	Yes	Yes	Yes	Tranquil Kwji	平祖癸
18	Content Parriarch K.rang	康公庚	L′jek	式	154 – 140	Yes	Yes	Yes	Content K.rang	康祖庚
19	Beautiful Parriarch	懿公	Ron	鸞	140 – 82	Yes	Yes	Yes	Beautiful ′Rjut	懿祖乙
20	Pious Parriarch	孝公	Stjawh	紹	82 – 65	Yes	Yes	Yes	Pious Krap	孝祖甲
	Careful Parriarch	釐公	Mi	眉	65 – 47	Yes	Yes	Yes	Careful Sjin	釐祖辛
21	Quiet Parriarch	靜公	Tong	東	47 – 20	Yes	Yes	Yes	Quiet P.rjang	靜祖丙
	Parriarch	公	Ljak	亦	20 – 19	Yes	Yes	Yes	5th ′Rjut	五祖乙
	Prince	公子	Trjoh	宁	19	Yes	No	Yes	Prince Trjoh	子宁
22	Stately Parriarch	穆公	Njuk	辱	19 – 3	Yes	Yes	Yes	Stately Mjet	穆祖戊

Modern timeline

See also

• Themiclesia