T-62R
| TR-65 / TR-68 Rammah | |
|---|---|
 A TR-65MJ on trials in a foreign country. | |
| Type | Main Battle Tank |
| Place of origin |  Riysa |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1965 - 1999 |
| Used by | Riysa |
| Production history | |
| Designer | 'Adra Tank Factory |
| Designed | 1960 - 1964 |
| Produced | 1965 - 1985 |
| No. built | 680 (TR-65) 3,780 (TR-68) |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 37.6 tonnes (TR-65) 38.3 tonnes (TR-68) |
| Length | 9.496 m gun forward |
| length | 6.068 m (TR-65) 6.63 m (TR-68) |
| Width | 3.30 m |
| Height | 2.395 m |
| Crew | 4 (Commander, gunner, loader, driver-mechanic) |
Main armament | 115 mm/51 64M smoothbore cannon |
Secondary armament | Coaxial 7.92 mm RMAS-D machine gun Cupola 12.7 mm RThT anti-aircraft machine gun or RMTR machine gun |
| Engine | Motor Adra MA428 12-cylinder diesel/multi-fuel, 730 hp (544 kW) |
| Transmission | Semi-automatic transmission Five forward, two reverse gears |
| Suspension | Torsion bar |
| Ground clearance | 450 mm |
Operational range | 550 km on internal fuel |
| Speed | Up to 65 km/h on road, 40 km/h off-road |
The TR-65 and TR-68 Rammah (رماح, English: Lancer) are Riysian main battle tanks of the second generation, replacing the first-generation TR-56 Fateh. Created on the basis of the T-62 tank mixed with domestic engineering solutions and other foreign components, they are commonly referred to collectively as the "T-62R" series of tanks. From 1965 to 1985, around 680 TR-65s and 3,780 TR-68s were completed.
History
Technical characteristics
General description
Optics and communication
Armament
Protection
The TR-65 and TR-68 have a classic all-steel protection scheme, similar in layout to the TR-56, but revised with thicker armor. With the TR-65/68 being intended to be used in an offensive, MBT-like multipurpose role, significant emphasis was placed on making the new medium tank resistant to the latest tank guns and ammunition. Despite the widespread belief that shaped charges rendered heavy armor obsolete, having a high level of protection was still considered important due to AP ammunition remaining the most common threat.
| Tank section | Armor thickness | Angle |
|---|---|---|
| Upper glacis | 135 mm | 60° |
| Lower glacis | 132 mm | 50° |
| Side hull | 80 mm (+ 20 mm HHS sideskirts on TR-68) | - |
| Rear hull | 45 mm | 2° |
| Hull top | Up to 30 mm | - |
| Hull bottom | 20 mm | - |
| Turret front | 275 mm | 20° |
| Turret sides | 165 mm (175 mm on TR-68) | - |
| Turret rear | 65 mm | - |
| Turret roof | Up to 54 mm | - |
As defined in development, the primary objective was to resist APDS shots from the 105 mm guns just entering service, at combat distances of at least 1,000 meters, and allow for a field of maneuver of at least 30° off-center. Using the L28A1/DM13 as a representative, such a shot would penetrate 300 mm of armor steel perpendicularly and 120 mm of steel angled at 60° from the horizontal.
In comparison, the upper glacis plate of the TR-65 and TR-68 has a thickness of 135 mm and is angled at 60 degrees, and the lower glacis plate is 132 mm thick and is angled at 50 degrees. The turret is as thick as 275 mm with a slight angle of 20 degrees at its front, and with its heavy sloping and optimized shape, a similar level of protection is maintained throughout the frontal arc.
With this level of protection
Against
As a consequence however, the tanks dedicate a significant amount of weight to armor - around 19.3 tonnes. This makes up about 51% of the total weight of the TR-65, and around 50% of the TR-68
Around 19.3 tonnes of mass comes from the steel armor, for over 50% of its total weight - also the TR-56, but