User:Gabrielland/Sandbox
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| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Inanimate | ||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Paucal | Collective | Singular | Plural | Paucal | Collective | Singular | Plural | Paucal | Collective | Singular | Plural | Paucal | Collective | Singular | Plural | Paucal | Collective | |
| Nominative | *míśah2 | *h1mésoh2 | *wisk2á | *míśah2à | *smìtʰòh2 | *kʷistʰòh2 | *witʰòh2 | *smìtʰòh2àh1 | *pr1úk1ʰe | *núk1ʰíz | *wúk1ʰe | *núk1ʰízàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰi | *núk1ʰíze | *wúk1ʰey | *núk1ʰazìh1 | *g2ùr2e | *h1g2ùr2e | *wùr2e | *g2ùr2eh1 |
| Accusative-I | *míśam | *h1mésom | *wisk2eh2 | *míśam2à | *smìtʰòm | *kʷistʰòm | *witʰòh2eh2 | *smìtʰòmàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰem | *núk1ʰmíz | *wúk1ʰem | *núk1ʰmízàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰim | *núk1ʰmíze | *wúk1ʰmey | *núk1ʰmazìh1 | *g2ùr2em | *h1g2ùrm2e | *wùr2me | *g2ùr2meh1 |
| Accusative-II | *míśr1a | *h1mésr1o | *wisk2r1á | *míśah2r1à | *smìtʰr1òh2 | *kʷistʰr1òh2 | *witʰr1òh2 | *smìtʰòh2r1àh1 | *pr1úk1ʰer1 | *núk1ʰr1íz | *wúk1ʰer1 | *núk1ʰr1ízàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰir1 | *núk1ʰr1íze | *wúk1ʰeyr1 | *núk1ʰr1azìh1 | *g2ùr2er1 | *h1g2r1ùr2e | *wùr2er1 | *g2r1ùr2eh1 |
| Genitive-I | *míśai | *h1maysoh2 | *wisk2ái | *míśayh2à | *smìtʰòyh2 | *kʷistʰòyh2 | *witʰòyh2 | *smìtʰòyh2àh1 | *pr1úk1ʰey | *núk1ʰízai | *wúk1ʰey | *núk1ʰízàyh1 | *pr1úk1ʰiyei | *núk1ʰízey | *wúk1ʰeya | *núk1ʰeyzìh1 | *g2ùr2ey | *h1g2ùr2ey | *wùr2ey | *g2ùr2eyh1 |
| Genitive-II | *míśes | *h1méses | *wisk2es | *míśeh2às | *smìtʰr1eh2 | *kʷistʰr1eh2 | *witʰr1eh2 | *smìtʰr1eh2àh1 | *pr1úk1ʰes | *núk1ʰízes | *wúks1ʰe | *núk1ʰr1ízàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰis | *núk1ʰízes | *wúks1ʰey | *núk1ʰr1azìh1 | *g2ùr2es | *h1g2ùr2er1 | *wùr2er1 | *g2ùr2seh1 |
| Dative | *míśi | *h1mési | *wisk2i | *míśah2ày | *smìtʰòh2oy | *kʷistʰòh2oy | *witʰòh2oy | *smìtʰòh2àyh1 | *pr1úk1ʰoy | *núk1ʰoyz | *wúk1ʰoy | *núk1ʰoyzàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰoy | *núk1ʰízey | *wúk1ʰoy | *núk1ʰoyzìh1 | *g2ùr2i | *h1g2ùr2ey | *wùr2oy | *g2ùr2oyeh1 |
| Comitative | *míśah2am | *h1mésem | *wisk2em | *míśah2àym | *smìtʰeh2em | *kʷistʰòh2em | *witʰòme | *smìtʰòh2àm | *pr1úk1ʰem | *núk1ʰízom | *wúk1ʰim | *núk1ʰízàh1am | *pr1úk1ʰim | *núk1ʰízeym | *wúk1ʰeym | *núk1ʰazìh1am | *g2ùr2em | *h1g2ùrm2em | *wùr2mem | *g2ùrm2eh1 |
| Ablative | *míśol | *h1mésol | *wisk2ál | *míślah2à | *smìtʰòl | *kʷistʰòl | *witʰlòh2 | *smìtʰlòh2àh1 | *pr1úk1ʰel | *núk1ʰlíz | *wúk1ʰle | *núk1ʰlízàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰil | *núk1ʰlíze | *wúk1ʰley | *núk1ʰlazìh1 | *g2ùr2el | *h1g2ùr2el | *wùr2le | *g2ùr2leh1 |
| Locative | *míśaya | *h1mésoyo | *wisk2áya | *míśah2àya | *smìtʰòh2yp | *kʷistʰòh2yo | *witʰòh2yo | *smìtʰòh2yàh1 | *pr1úk1ʰeye | *núk1ʰíyiz | *wúk1ʰeye | *núk1ʰízàh1a | *pr1úk1ʰiye | *núk1ʰíyize | *wúk1ʰeyi | *núk1ʰazìh1a | *g2ùr2eye | *h1g2ùr2eye | *wùr2eye | *g2ùr2eh1a |
| Vocative | *míśah2e | *h1mésoh2e | *wisk2e | *míśah2e | *smìtʰòh2e | *kʷistʰòh2e | *witʰòh2e | *smìtʰòh2àh1e | *pr1úk1ʰu | *núk1ʰíze | *wúk1ʰu | *núk1ʰízàh1e | *pr1úk1ʰu | *núk1ʰízu | *wúk1ʰeyu | *núk1ʰazìh1u | *g2ùr2u | *h1g2ùr2u | *wùr2u | *g2ùr2eh1e |
Literary Gabrielt
| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Inanimate | |||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | |
| Nominative | Mižā / Mi | Hmezō | Mižaha | Smitō | Kuwistō | Smitohā | Wuk | Nukis | Nukisa | Wuki | Nukis | Nukisa | Hure | Gure | Hurē |
| Accusative | Mižą | Hmezǫ | Mižam | Smitǫ | Kuwistǫ | Smitoma | Wukę | Nukmis | Nukmizā | Wukį | Nukmis | Nukmizā | Hurę | Gurme | Hurmē |
| Genitive-I | Miže | Hmeizō | Mižeha | Smitōy | Kuwistōy | Smitoihā | Wukei | Nukise | Nukisei | Wukei | Nukise | Nukisei | Hurei | Gurei | Hurēyi |
| Genitive-II | Mižes | Hmezes | Mižahas | Smitrē | Kuwistrē | Smitrehā | Wukes | Nukises | Nukisas | Wukis | Nukises | Nukisas | Hures | Gurer | Hursē |
| Dative | Miži | Hmezi | Mižahe | Smitōi | Kuwistōi | Smitohāi | Wuko | Nukoy | Nukoysa | Wuko | Nukoy | Nukoysa | Huri | Gurei | Hurēi |
| Locative | Mižāya | Hmezōyo | Mižahaya | Smitōyo | Kuwistōyo | Smitohāya | Wukeye | Nukiyis | Nukisaya | Wukiye | Nukiyis | Nukisaya | Hureye | Gureye | Hurēye |
| Vocative | Miže | Hmeze | Mižahe | Smite | Kuwiste | Smitohe | Wuku | Nukise | Nukise | Wuku | Nukise | Nukise | Huru | Guru | Hurē |
First Declension
The first declension is used to decline masculine nouns and feminine
| Ōsa (brother) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Collective |
| Nominative | Ōsa | Ōsas | Ōsō |
| Accusative | Ōsą | Ōsǫs | Ōsǫmo |
| Genitive-I | Ōsoš | Ōsas | Ōsašā |
| Genitive-II | Ōse | Ōseso | Ōsasiyo |
| Dative | Ōsai | Ōsei | Ōseyā |
| Locative | Ōsā | Ōsayā | Ōseyō |
| Vocative | Ōsu | Ōsu | Ōsusā |
Second declension
The second declension is use to decline masculine and feminine nouns.
| Šuwēš (Farmer) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Collective |
| Nominative | Šuwēš | Šuwēši | Šuwēšiyo |
| Accusative | Šuwēšę | Šuwēšęį | Šuwēšēn |
| Genitive-I | Šuwēše | Šuwēšąį | Šuwēšēyo |
| Genitive-II | Šuwēšeru | Šuwēširų | Šuwēšēru |
| Dative | Šuwēši | Šuwēšį | Šuwēšeyu |
| Locative | Šuwēše | Šuwēšį | Šuwēšeyu |
| Vocative | Šuwoh | Šuwohi | Šuwoheyu |
Third declension
The third declension is used to decline neuter nouns.
| Šēn (House) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Collective |
| Nominative | Šēn | Šēna | Šēnayo |
| Accusative | Šēnų | Šēnųna | Šēnūyo |
| Genitive-I | Šēno | Šēnoi | Šēnōyo |
| Genitive-II | Šēnasi | Šēnaisa | Šēnaiya |
| Dative | Šēnai | Šēnāyi | Šēnayu |
| Locative | Šēnar | Šēnir | Šēnarayu |
| Vocative | Šēne | Šēnei | Šēneyu |
Descendants of Literary Gabrielt
| Literary | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | a | a | a | a | a | æ | a |
| ā | ā | ah | a | æ | a | a | a |
| e | e | e | e | e | e | e | e |
| ē | ē | eh | e | æ | e, æ | eh | e |
| i | i | i | i | i | e | e | i |
| ī | ē | ih | i | y | i | i | i |
| o | o | o | o | o | u | u | o |
| ō | ō | oh | o | ø | o | o | o |
| u | u | u | u | u | u | u | u |
| ū | ū | uh | u | y | u | u | u |
| ą | an | ah | an | au | ain | a | am |
| ę | em | eh | en | en | ein | e | em |
| į | im | ih | in | in | in | i | im |
| ǫ | oh | oh | on | ou | om | o | om |
| ų | uh | uh | un | un | um | u | um |
| Literary | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| k | Vk/f : - VkV : k kV/s : g |
Vk/f : - VkV : g kV/s : k |
VkV : gy, ky k |
Vk/f : h VsV: s k |
k | VkV : g k |
Vk/f : - k |
| s | VsV : č s |
VsV : š s |
VsV : dz s |
VsV : ž s |
s | s | VsV : z s |
| ž | ž, š | š | s | z VžV : dz |
š | s | s |
| w | v | v | v | v | v | w | w |
| m | m | m | Vm : n m |
Vm : n m |
m | m | m |
| z | z | z | VzV : dz z |
VzV : ž | z | s | z |
1
| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animate | Inanimate | |||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | |||
| Nominative | Mišā | Mez | Miža | Smit | Visto | Smitā | Vu | Nukič | Nukiča | Ure | Gur | Urē | ||
| Accusative | Mišan | Mezoh | Mižam | Smiton | Viston | Smitom | Vun | Nukičam | Nukičam | Uren | Guren | Urem | ||
| Genitive | Miše | Mezo | Mižeya | Smite | Vistoi | Smitāya | Vue | Nukiče | Nukiče | Urea | Gura | Urēa | ||
| Dative | Miši | Mezi | Mižai | Smiti | Visti | Smitāi | Vui | Nukiči | Nukiči | Uri | Guri | Urēi | ||
| Ōča (Brother) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Collective |
| Nominative | Ōča | Ōčas | Ōčos |
| Accusative | Ōčan | Ōčohs | Ōčohmo |
| Genitive | Ōče | Ōčas | Ōčajah |
| Dative | Ōčā | Ōčē | Ōčei |
2
| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animate | Inanimate | |||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | Singular | Plural | Collective | |||
| Nominative | Mis | Mez | Misah | Smi | Kuwi | Smito | Vu | Nu | Nui | Hu | Gu | Hur | ||
| Objective | Misah | Mezoh | Misam | Smim | Kuwim | Smitom | Vum | Num | Num | Hum | Gum | Huren | ||
| Genitive | Mise | Mezo | Misahes | Smo | Kuwo | Smitoi | Vue | Nue | Nue | Hui | Gui | Huri | ||
| Ohša (Brother, a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural | Collective |
| Nominative | Ohša | Ohšaz | Ohšon |
| Objective | Ohšah | Ohšen | Ohšom |
| Genitive | Ohšo | Ohšaz | Ohšasi |
3
| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Inanimate | ||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | Miza | Medz | Smi | Kuvi | Vuk | Nugi | Vik | Nugi | Ure | Gur |
| Accusative | Mizan | Medzon | Smin | Kuvon | Vuken | Nugin | Vikin | Nugin | Uren | Guren |
| Genitive | Mize | Medzo | Smite | Kuvito | Vuke | Nugito | Vike | Nugito | Ureto | Guro |
| Dative | Mizi | Medzi | Smiti | Kuviti | Vuko | Nugitoi | Viko | Nugitoi | Uretoi | Guroi |
| Odza (Brother, a) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Odza | Odzas |
| Accusative | Odzan | Odzon |
| Dative | Odzai | Odzei |
| Genitive | Odze | Odzetso |
4
| Öža (Brother, a) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Öža | Öžö |
| Accusative | Öžau | Öžou |
| Dative | Öže | Öžei |
5
| Osa (Brother, m) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Osa | Osas |
| Objective | Osain | Osoms |
| Genitive | Osos | Oses |
| Vocative | Osu | Osu |
6
| Ōsa (Brother, m) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Ōsa | Ōsō |
| Accusative | Ōsa | Ōsos |
| Dative | Ōse | Ōsei |
| Genitive | Ōsots | Ōsats |
| Vocative | Ōsu | Ōsus |
7
| Oza (Brother, m) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Oza | Ozo |
| Accusative | Ozam | Ozom |
| Dative | Ozai | Ozeta |
| Genitive | Oze | Ozazi |
| Locative | Ozau | Ozaya |
| Vocative | Ozu | Ozuz |
AAAA
| Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Dental/ Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | hard | m | (ɱ) | n | (ŋ) | |||
| soft | mʲ | ɲ | ||||||
| Plosive | hard | p b | t d | k ɡ | q | |||
| soft | pʲ bʲ | tʲ dʲ | c ɟ | |||||
| Affricate | hard | t͡s (d͡z) | t͡ʃ d͡ʒ | |||||
| soft | t͡sʲ (d͡zʲ) | |||||||
| Fricative | hard | f v | s z | ʃ ʒ | x, (ɣ) | |||
| soft | fʲ vʲ | sʲ zʲ | (xʲ) | |||||
| Trill | hard | r | ||||||
| soft | rʲ | |||||||
| Approximant | hard | (w) | ||||||
| soft | j | |||||||
| Lateral | hard | ɫ (l) | ||||||
| soft | ʎ | |||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ ʉ | u |
| Near-close | ʊ | ||
| Close-mid | ɤ | ||
| Open-mid | ɛ œ | ɜ | ɔ |
| Near-open | æ | ɐ | |
| Open | a |
3
NORTHERN
| Case | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine | Feminine | Inanimate | ||||||||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | Mis | Mej | Sme | Kuve | Vo | Nuge | Ve | Nuge | Ur | Gu |
| Accusative | Misa | Medjo | Smi | Kuvo | Vuke | Nugi | Viki | Nugi | Ure | Gure |
| Genitive | Mize | Mejo | Smite | Kuvito | Vuke | Nugito | Vike | Nugito | Ureto | Guro |