User:Gabrielland/Sandbox

Case	1st				2nd				3rd
									Masculine				Feminine				Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Paucal	Collective	Singular	Plural	Paucal	Collective	Singular	Plural	Paucal	Collective	Singular	Plural	Paucal	Collective	Singular	Plural	Paucal	Collective
Nominative	*míśah2	*h1mésoh2	*wisk2á	*míśah2à	*smìtʰòh2	*kʷistʰòh2	*witʰòh2	*smìtʰòh2àh1	*pr1úk1ʰe	*núk1ʰíz	*wúk1ʰe	*núk1ʰízàh1	*pr1úk1ʰi	*núk1ʰíze	*wúk1ʰey	*núk1ʰazìh1	*g2ùr2e	*h1g2ùr2e	*wùr2e	*g2ùr2eh1
Accusative-I	*míśam	*h1mésom	*wisk2eh2	*míśam2à	*smìtʰòm	*kʷistʰòm	*witʰòh2eh2	*smìtʰòmàh1	*pr1úk1ʰem	*núk1ʰmíz	*wúk1ʰem	*núk1ʰmízàh1	*pr1úk1ʰim	*núk1ʰmíze	*wúk1ʰmey	*núk1ʰmazìh1	*g2ùr2em	*h1g2ùrm2e	*wùr2me	*g2ùr2meh1
Accusative-II	*míśr1a	*h1mésr1o	*wisk2r1á	*míśah2r1à	*smìtʰr1òh2	*kʷistʰr1òh2	*witʰr1òh2	*smìtʰòh2r1àh1	*pr1úk1ʰer1	*núk1ʰr1íz	*wúk1ʰer1	*núk1ʰr1ízàh1	*pr1úk1ʰir1	*núk1ʰr1íze	*wúk1ʰeyr1	*núk1ʰr1azìh1	*g2ùr2er1	*h1g2r1ùr2e	*wùr2er1	*g2r1ùr2eh1
Genitive-I	*míśai	*h1maysoh2	*wisk2ái	*míśayh2à	*smìtʰòyh2	*kʷistʰòyh2	*witʰòyh2	*smìtʰòyh2àh1	*pr1úk1ʰey	*núk1ʰízai	*wúk1ʰey	*núk1ʰízàyh1	*pr1úk1ʰiyei	*núk1ʰízey	*wúk1ʰeya	*núk1ʰeyzìh1	*g2ùr2ey	*h1g2ùr2ey	*wùr2ey	*g2ùr2eyh1
Genitive-II	*míśes	*h1méses	*wisk2es	*míśeh2às	*smìtʰr1eh2	*kʷistʰr1eh2	*witʰr1eh2	*smìtʰr1eh2àh1	*pr1úk1ʰes	*núk1ʰízes	*wúks1ʰe	*núk1ʰr1ízàh1	*pr1úk1ʰis	*núk1ʰízes	*wúks1ʰey	*núk1ʰr1azìh1	*g2ùr2es	*h1g2ùr2er1	*wùr2er1	*g2ùr2seh1
Dative	*míśi	*h1mési	*wisk2i	*míśah2ày	*smìtʰòh2oy	*kʷistʰòh2oy	*witʰòh2oy	*smìtʰòh2àyh1	*pr1úk1ʰoy	*núk1ʰoyz	*wúk1ʰoy	*núk1ʰoyzàh1	*pr1úk1ʰoy	*núk1ʰízey	*wúk1ʰoy	*núk1ʰoyzìh1	*g2ùr2i	*h1g2ùr2ey	*wùr2oy	*g2ùr2oyeh1
Comitative	*míśah2am	*h1mésem	*wisk2em	*míśah2àym	*smìtʰeh2em	*kʷistʰòh2em	*witʰòme	*smìtʰòh2àm	*pr1úk1ʰem	*núk1ʰízom	*wúk1ʰim	*núk1ʰízàh1am	*pr1úk1ʰim	*núk1ʰízeym	*wúk1ʰeym	*núk1ʰazìh1am	*g2ùr2em	*h1g2ùrm2em	*wùr2mem	*g2ùrm2eh1
Ablative	*míśol	*h1mésol	*wisk2ál	*míślah2à	*smìtʰòl	*kʷistʰòl	*witʰlòh2	*smìtʰlòh2àh1	*pr1úk1ʰel	*núk1ʰlíz	*wúk1ʰle	*núk1ʰlízàh1	*pr1úk1ʰil	*núk1ʰlíze	*wúk1ʰley	*núk1ʰlazìh1	*g2ùr2el	*h1g2ùr2el	*wùr2le	*g2ùr2leh1
Locative	*míśaya	*h1mésoyo	*wisk2áya	*míśah2àya	*smìtʰòh2yp	*kʷistʰòh2yo	*witʰòh2yo	*smìtʰòh2yàh1	*pr1úk1ʰeye	*núk1ʰíyiz	*wúk1ʰeye	*núk1ʰízàh1a	*pr1úk1ʰiye	*núk1ʰíyize	*wúk1ʰeyi	*núk1ʰazìh1a	*g2ùr2eye	*h1g2ùr2eye	*wùr2eye	*g2ùr2eh1a
Vocative	*míśah2e	*h1mésoh2e	*wisk2e	*míśah2e	*smìtʰòh2e	*kʷistʰòh2e	*witʰòh2e	*smìtʰòh2àh1e	*pr1úk1ʰu	*núk1ʰíze	*wúk1ʰu	*núk1ʰízàh1e	*pr1úk1ʰu	*núk1ʰízu	*wúk1ʰeyu	*núk1ʰazìh1u	*g2ùr2u	*h1g2ùr2u	*wùr2u	*g2ùr2eh1e

Number	Proto Gabrielt	Aldzinian	Literary Gabrielt	Standard Gabrielt
1	*h2áyma	кӏвáйма khwáyma	aima	am
2	*èh1sa	èҗьсьa èź's'a	ēsa	dza
3	*beyr2è	бейp̆e beyŕe	pēra	pe
4	*h2áda	ҳáда ẋáda	āda	ada
5	*mádatà	мадат mádat	mada	maja
6	*ar1eydʰa	арейдӏa areydha	arēda	redi
7	*g1ʰìijaur1á	ѓӏиявp̆вa ģhiyawŕwa	giyara	gyo
8	*antʰaban	антӏабан anthaban	ątapa	tap
9	*áuwandʰa	áувандӏва áuwandhwa	owąda	odi
10	*tʰesátu	тӏeсвáту theswátu	tesa	tez

Literary Gabrielt

			Simple			Perfect
			Past	Present	Future	Past	Present	Future
1		Singular	Trano	Tran	Tranas	Agano Trani	Agan Trani	Aganas Trani
		Plural	Tranowu	Tranau	Tranazu	Aganowu Trani	Aganau Trani	Aganazu Trani
		Collective	Tranuwa	Tranaha	Tranasah	Aganuwa Trani	Aganaha Trani	Aganasah Trani
2		Singular	Tranon	Tranin	Transi	Aganon Trano	Aganin Trano	Agansi Trano
		Plural	Tranuni	Tranani	Tranansi	Aganuni Trano	Aganani Trano	Aganansi Trano
		Collective	Tranoya	Tranaiha	Transayh	Aganoya Trano	Aganaiha Trano	Agansayh Trano
3	Animate	Singular	Tranoni	Trani	Transit	Aganoni Utran	Agani Utran	Agansit Utran
		Plural	Tranuwe	Trane	Transom	Aganuwe Utran	Agane Utran	Agansom Utran
		Collective	Tranaweh	Traneh	Transeyh	Aganaweh Utran	Aganeh Utran	Aganseyh Utran
	Inanimate	Singular	Tranon	Tranan	Transon	Aganon Utran	Aganan Utran	Aganson Utran
		Plural	Tranuwe	Trane	Transom	Aganuwe Utran	Agane Utran	Agansom Utran
		Collective	Tranaweh	Traneh	Transeyh	Aganaweh Utran	Aganeh Utran	Aganseyh Utran

Case	1st			2nd			3rd
							Masculine			Feminine			Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Mižā / Mi	Hmezō	Mižaha	Smitō	Kuwistō	Smitohā	Wuk	Nukis	Nukisa	Wuki	Nukis	Nukisa	Hure	Gure	Hurē
Accusative	Mižą	Hmezǫ	Mižam	Smitǫ	Kuwistǫ	Smitoma	Wukę	Nukmis	Nukmizā	Wukį	Nukmis	Nukmizā	Hurę	Gurme	Hurmē
Genitive-I	Miže	Hmeizō	Mižeha	Smitōy	Kuwistōy	Smitoihā	Wukei	Nukise	Nukisei	Wukei	Nukise	Nukisei	Hurei	Gurei	Hurēyi
Genitive-II	Mižes	Hmezes	Mižahas	Smitrē	Kuwistrē	Smitrehā	Wukes	Nukises	Nukisas	Wukis	Nukises	Nukisas	Hures	Gurer	Hursē
Dative	Miži	Hmezi	Mižahe	Smitōi	Kuwistōi	Smitohāi	Wuko	Nukoy	Nukoysa	Wuko	Nukoy	Nukoysa	Huri	Gurei	Hurēi
Locative	Mižāya	Hmezōyo	Mižahaya	Smitōyo	Kuwistōyo	Smitohāya	Wukeye	Nukiyis	Nukisaya	Wukiye	Nukiyis	Nukisaya	Hureye	Gureye	Hurēye
Vocative	Miže	Hmeze	Mižahe	Smite	Kuwiste	Smitohe	Wuku	Nukise	Nukise	Wuku	Nukise	Nukise	Huru	Guru	Hurē

First Declension

The first declension is used to decline masculine nouns and feminine

Ōsa (brother)
Case	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Ōsa	Ōsas	Ōsō
Accusative	Ōsą	Ōsǫs	Ōsǫmo
Genitive-I	Ōsoš	Ōsas	Ōsašā
Genitive-II	Ōse	Ōseso	Ōsasiyo
Dative	Ōsai	Ōsei	Ōseyā
Locative	Ōsā	Ōsayā	Ōseyō
Vocative	Ōsu	Ōsu	Ōsusā

Second declension

The second declension is use to decline masculine and feminine nouns.

Šuwēš (Farmer)
Case	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Šuwēš	Šuwēši	Šuwēšiyo
Accusative	Šuwēšę	Šuwēšęį	Šuwēšēn
Genitive-I	Šuwēše	Šuwēšąį	Šuwēšēyo
Genitive-II	Šuwēšeru	Šuwēširų	Šuwēšēru
Dative	Šuwēši	Šuwēšį	Šuwēšeyu
Locative	Šuwēše	Šuwēšį	Šuwēšeyu
Vocative	Šuwoh	Šuwohi	Šuwoheyu

Third declension

The third declension is used to decline neuter nouns.

Šēn (House)
Case	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Šēn	Šēna	Šēnayo
Accusative	Šēnų	Šēnųna	Šēnūyo
Genitive-I	Šēno	Šēnoi	Šēnōyo
Genitive-II	Šēnasi	Šēnaisa	Šēnaiya
Dative	Šēnai	Šēnāyi	Šēnayu
Locative	Šēnar	Šēnir	Šēnarayu
Vocative	Šēne	Šēnei	Šēneyu

Descendants of Literary Gabrielt

Literary	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
a	a	a	a	a	a	æ	a
ā	ā	ah	a	æ	a	a	a
e	e	e	e	e	e	e	e
ē	ē	eh	e	æ	e, æ	eh	e
i	i	i	i	i	e	e	i
ī	ē	ih	i	y	i	i	i
o	o	o	o	o	u	u	o
ō	ō	oh	o	ø	o	o	o
u	u	u	u	u	u	u	u
ū	ū	uh	u	y	u	u	u
ą	an	ah	an	au	ain	a	am
ę	em	eh	en	en	ein	e	em
į	im	ih	in	in	in	i	im
ǫ	oh	oh	on	ou	om	o	om
ų	uh	uh	un	un	um	u	um

Literary	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
b	Vb/s  : p b	Vb/s : p b	VbV : p b	bV/s : f VbV : p b	Vb : p b	b	b
d	Vd/s : t d	Vd/s : t d	VdV : ts Vd/s : dz d	Vd/s : s VbV : t d	Vd : l d	d	d
g	gV/s : k g	gV/s : k g	gV/s : ng g	gV/s : š VbV : h g	gV : r g	g	h
p	pV/s : f VpV : f p	VpV : b p	Vpa : gy Vpi : k pV/s : b p	VpV : m p	p	VpV : v p	Vp/f : - p
t	tV/s : θ t	t	VtV : ts Vt/f : s t	Vta : s t	t	t	VtV : z
k	Vk/f : - VkV : k kV/s : g	Vk/f : - VkV : g kV/s : k	VkV : gy, ky k	Vk/f : h VsV: s k	k	VkV : g k	Vk/f : - k
s	VsV : č s	VsV : š s	VsV : dz s	VsV : ž s	s	s	VsV : z s
ž	VžI : š ž	š	s	z VžV : dz	š	s	s
š	VšV : k Vš : h	VšV : š s	Vš/f : s š	š	s	s	z
w	v	v	v	v	v	w	w
m	m	m	Vm : n m	Vm : n m	m	m	m
z	z	z	VzV : dz z	VzV : ž	z	s	z
r	Vr : - Vra : l r	VrV : l r	Vr : n r	r	r	Vr/f : l r	Vr/f : l r
l	l	l	l	VlV : h l	lV : n l	r	r
n	VnV : m n	Vn : ng n	inV : nny n	VnV : ny n	n	n	n
y	y	y	VyV : gy,ky y	y	y	y	y
h	h	h	h	h	h	VhV : h -	VhV : h -

Literary	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Ōsa	Ōča	Ohša	Odza	Öža	Osa	Ōsa	Oza
Šēn	Šēn	Šehna	Shen	Šän	Sen	Sehne	Zen
Trāwęŋi	Thrāvem	Trahvehki	Travenni	Träveng	Traveing	Trawen	Trawemmi

1

			Simple			Perfect
			Past	Present	Future	Past	Present	Future
1		Singular	Thramo	Thram	Thramač	Agamo thram	Agan thram	Agamač thram
		Plural		Thrama			Agan Thrama
		Collective
2		Singular		Thramin			Agamin thram
		Plural		Thramāha			Agamāha thram
		Collective
3	Animate	Singular	Thramon	Trami	Thransi	Agamon thram	Agami tram	Agansi thram
		Plural		Thrame			Agame thram
		Collective
	Innimate	Singular		Thraman			Agaman thram
		Plural		Thrame			Agame thram
		Collective

Case	1st			2nd			3rd
							Animate			Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Mišā	Mez	Miža	Smit	Visto	Smitā	Vu	Nukič	Nukiča	Ure	Gur	Urē
Accusative	Mišan	Mezoh	Mižam	Smiton	Viston	Smitom	Vun	Nukičam	Nukičam	Uren	Guren	Urem
Genitive	Miše	Mezo	Mižeya	Smite	Vistoi	Smitāya	Vue	Nukiče	Nukiče	Urea	Gura	Urēa
Dative	Miši	Mezi	Mižai	Smiti	Visti	Smitāi	Vui	Nukiči	Nukiči	Uri	Guri	Urēi

Ōča (Brother)
Case	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Ōča	Ōčas	Ōčos
Accusative	Ōčan	Ōčohs	Ōčohmo
Genitive	Ōče	Ōčas	Ōčajah
Dative	Ōčā	Ōčē	Ōčei

2

			Simple			Perfect
			Past	Present	Future	Past	Present	Future
1		Singular	Trano	Tran	Tranaš	Gano trani	Gan trani	Ganaš trani
		Plural		Tranah			Ganaha trani
		Collective
2		Singular		Traning			Ganing trami
		Plural		Tranaha			Ganaha trami
		Collective
3	Animate	Singular	Tranong	Trani	Tranši	Ganong u tran	Gani u tran	Ganši u tran
		Plural		Trane			Gane u tran
		Collective
	Innimate	Singular		Tranang			Ganang u tram
		Plural		Trane			Gane u tran
		Collective

Case	1st			2nd			3rd
							Animate			Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Mis	Mez	Misah	Smi	Kuwi	Smito	Vu	Nu	Nui	Hu	Gu	Hur
Objective	Misah	Mezoh	Misam	Smim	Kuwim	Smitom	Vum	Num	Num	Hum	Gum	Huren
Genitive	Mise	Mezo	Misahes	Smo	Kuwo	Smitoi	Vue	Nue	Nue	Hui	Gui	Huri

Ohša (Brother, a)
Case	Singular	Plural	Collective
Nominative	Ohša	Ohšaz	Ohšon
Objective	Ohšah	Ohšen	Ohšom
Genitive	Ohšo	Ohšaz	Ohšasi

3

Case	1st		2nd		3rd
					Masculine		Feminine		Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Miza	Medz	Smi	Kuvi	Vuk	Nugi	Vik	Nugi	Ure	Gur
Accusative	Mizan	Medzon	Smin	Kuvon	Vuken	Nugin	Vikin	Nugin	Uren	Guren
Genitive	Mize	Medzo	Smite	Kuvito	Vuke	Nugito	Vike	Nugito	Ureto	Guro
Dative	Mizi	Medzi	Smiti	Kuviti	Vuko	Nugitoi	Viko	Nugitoi	Uretoi	Guroi

Odza (Brother, a)
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Odza	Odzas
Accusative	Odzan	Odzon
Dative	Odzai	Odzei
Genitive	Odze	Odzetso

4

Öža (Brother, a)
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Öža	Öžö
Accusative	Öžau	Öžou
Dative	Öže	Öžei

5

Osa (Brother, m)
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Osa	Osas
Objective	Osain	Osoms
Genitive	Osos	Oses
Vocative	Osu	Osu

6

Ōsa (Brother, m)
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Ōsa	Ōsō
Accusative	Ōsa	Ōsos
Dative	Ōse	Ōsei
Genitive	Ōsots	Ōsats
Vocative	Ōsu	Ōsus

7

Oza (Brother, m)
Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Oza	Ozo
Accusative	Ozam	Ozom
Dative	Ozai	Ozeta
Genitive	Oze	Ozazi
Locative	Ozau	Ozaya
Vocative	Ozu	Ozuz

AAAA

		Bilabial	Labio- dental	Dental/ Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular
Nasal	hard	m	(ɱ)	n			(ŋ)
	soft	mʲ				ɲ
Plosive	hard	p  b		t  d			k  ɡ	q
	soft	pʲ  bʲ		tʲ  dʲ		c  ɟ
Affricate	hard			t͡s  (d͡z)	t͡ʃ  d͡ʒ
	soft			t͡sʲ  (d͡zʲ)
Fricative	hard		f  v	s  z	ʃ  ʒ		x, (ɣ)
	soft		fʲ  vʲ	sʲ  zʲ			(xʲ)
Trill	hard			r
	soft			rʲ
Approximant	hard	(w)
	soft					j
Lateral	hard			ɫ  (l)
	soft					ʎ

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i	ɨ ʉ	u
Near-close			ʊ
Close-mid			ɤ
Open-mid	ɛ œ	ɜ	ɔ
Near-open	æ	ɐ
Open	a

1

NORTHERN

Case	1st			2nd			3rd
							Animate			Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective	Singular	Plural	Collective
Direct	Me	Mes	Miz	Sme	Ves	Smitai	Vo	Nuke	Nukisa	Ur	Go	Ure
Oblique	Men	Meso	Mizam	Smen	Veson	Smiton	Von	Nuken	Nukisan	Urn	Gon	uren

3

NORTHERN

Case	1st		2nd		3rd
					Masculine		Feminine		Inanimate
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	Mis	Mej	Sme	Kuve	Vo	Nuge	Ve	Nuge	Ur	Gu
Accusative	Misa	Medjo	Smi	Kuvo	Vuke	Nugi	Viki	Nugi	Ure	Gure
Genitive	Mize	Mejo	Smite	Kuvito	Vuke	Nugito	Vike	Nugito	Ureto	Guro

Verbs

Unaffected prefixes		Affected prefixes		Window	Stem	Window	Suffixes
1	2	3	4	5a	6	5b	7	8
Evidentiality	Minor aspect	Major aspect	Iterative	Mode-aspect	Stem	Mode-aspect	Direct object	Indirect object