Rhavanese language
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| Nhai | |
|---|---|
| Rhavanese, Rhavan Speak | |
| Native to |  Rhava |
| Ethnicity | Rhavanese |
Native speakers | 30,000,000 |
Huang
| |
Standard forms | Northern (standard script)
|
| Dialects |
|
| Official status | |
Official language in | Rhava |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Nhai is the official language of Rhava and is a part of the Huang family tree. Nhai is separated into to writing scripts, ancient and standard. In modern day cities only standard is taught, but in rural areas ancient is taught.
Writing System
Writing system
Nhai (Rhavanese) is written in the Anglo-Rhav Alphabet, which is a modified Latin alphabet used for Rhavanese languages.
| Order | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Majuscule | A | Â | AA | Ä | E | Ê | Ë | I | O | Ô | Ơ | Ö | U | Ư | Ü | B | C | D | Đ | G | H | J | K | L | M | N | P | Ts | Q | R | S | T | V | X | Y | |
| Minuscule | a | ä | e | i | j | k | k̠ | l | ł | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | s̠ | t | ts | ts̠ | u | v | w | x | y | |||||||||||
| IPA Sound | ɑ | æ | ɛ | i | j | k | c | l | ɬ | m | n | ɔ | p | q | ɾ | s | s̙ | t | t͡s | t͡s̝ | u | v | w | x | ɘ |
Rhavanese Letters
| letter | sound |
|---|---|
| ă | ah |
| aa | ah (elongated) |
| â | uh |
| ä | ay |
| e | ai(r) |
| ê | ey |
| ë | ooh-weh |
| o | awh (back of throat) |
| ô | oh |
| ơ | owh (front of mouth) |
| ö | er |
| u | ooh |
| ư | uwh (front of mouth) |
| ü | ooh-weeh |
| y | eeh |
| b | buh |
| c | cuh |
| d | yuh |
| đ | duh |
| g | yuh (south), zhuh |
| h | hah (whisper) |
| j | juh |
| k | ka |
| l | luh |
| m | muh |
| n | nuh |
| p | puh |
| q | wuh |
| r | vuh (north), ruh (roll tongue) |
| s | shuh |
| t | tuh (soft) |
| v | yuh (south), vuh |
| x | suh |
| y | yuh |
Rhavanese Phonology
Initial consonants
Initial consonants which exist only in the Northern dialect are in red, while those that exist only in the Southern dialect are in blue.
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ/nh/ | ŋ/ng/ | |||
| Stop/ Affricate |
tenuis | (p) | t | ʈ/tr/ | c/ch/ | k | (ʔ/oi/) |
| aspirated | tʰ/th/ | ||||||
| glottalized | ɓ/b/ | ɗ/d/ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f/ph/ | s | ʂ/sh/ | x/kh/ | h | |
| voiced | v/y/ | z | ɣ/gh/ | ||||
| Approximant | l | j/y/ | w | ||||
| Rhotic | ɹ/r/ (trilled) | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u |
| Mid | e | o, oo |
| Open | a, aa | |
Diaeresis (diacritic)
| letter | sound |
|---|---|
| ü | oo-weeh |
| ë | ooh-weh |
| ö | er |
| ä | ay |
Rhavanese Phonetics
| Name | Description | Diacritic | Example | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ngang 'level' | mid level | (no mark) | ma 'ghost' | |
| huyền 'deep' | low falling (often breathy) | ◌̀ (grave accent) | mà 'but' | |
| sắc 'sharp' | high rising | ◌́ (acute accent) | má 'cheek, mother (southern)' | |
| hỏi 'questioning' | mid dipping-rising | ◌̉ (hook above) | mả 'tomb, grave' | |
| ngã 'tumbling' | creaky high breaking-rising | ◌̃ (tilde) | mã 'horse | |
| nặng 'heavy' | falling | ◌̣ (dot below) | mạ 'rice seedling' | |
| Vēn 'continuation' | straight tone (medium length) | ◌̣ (straight line above) | mā 'used before Tü to symbolize ownership of subject' |