Lapša-class destroyer

Lapša class

HMS Lapša in June 2014
Class overview
Name:	Lapša class
Builders:	Ploska Shipyard
Operators:	Royal Holyn Navy
Preceded by:	Lužanky class Slavníč II class
Succeeded by:	Podkost class
Cost:	4.7 billion HRK
Built:	1993–1999
In commission:	1994–present
Planned:	15
Cancelled:	12
Active:	3
General characteristics
Type:	Guided missile destroyer
Displacement:	7,100 tonnes (full load)
Length:	155 m (508 ft 6 in)
Beam:	17.1 m (56 ft 1 in)
Draught:	6 m (19 ft 8 in)
Propulsion:	COGAG 4 × gas turbines (35.7 MW (47,900 hp) each) 120,000 hp (89 MW)
Speed:	30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Range:	4,000 nmi (7,400 km)
Complement:	300
Sensors and processing systems:	R5661-A (C/S-band) AESA 3D radar X-band radar Bow mounted sonar
Electronic warfare & decoys:	Electronic warfare system
Armament:	1 × 130 mm gun 2 × CIWS 6 x 8 VLS surface-to-air missiles anti-ship cruise missiles land-attack cruise missiles Missile-launched anti-submarine torpedoes 2 x sets
Aircraft carried:	1 medium-lift helicopter
Aviation facilities:	Stern hangar Helicopter landing platform
General characteristics
Type:	Guided missile destroyer
Displacement:	7,100 tonnes (full load)
Length:	155 m (508 ft 6 in)
Beam:	17.1 m (56 ft 1 in)
Draught:	6 m (19 ft 8 in)
Propulsion:	COGAG 4 × gas turbines (35.7 MW (47,900 hp) each) 120,000 hp (89 MW)
Speed:	30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
Range:	4,000 nmi (7,400 km)
Complement:	300
Sensors and processing systems:	R5661-A (C/S-band) AESA 3D radar X-band radar Bow mounted sonar
Electronic warfare & decoys:	Electronic warfare system
Armament:	1 × 130 mm gun 2 × CIWS 6 x 8 VLS surface-to-air missiles anti-ship cruise missiles land-attack cruise missiles Missile-launched anti-submarine torpedoes 2 x sets
Aircraft carried:	1 medium-lift helicopter
Aviation facilities:	Stern hangar Helicopter landing platform

The Lapša class are guided missile destroyers serving in the Royal Holyn Navy. The class features a fundamental upgrade of anti-air capabilities with a 3D air search radar and 48 (6 x 8) VLS cells with the PS-105M surface to air missiles. The Lapša class was intended to consist of 15 ships, but the fall of Communism in Holynia and the resulting economic crisis only led to 3 ships being built. The class was succeeded by the Podkost class guided missile destroyers.

History

The Lapša class destroyers, known then as Project 190 began development in the early 1990s as the Holyn Navy sought a replacement for the Eule and Slavníč classes of destroyers. A single unified platform was intended to reduce costs, but with dedicated anti-air and anti-submarine variants. Design work was completed in 1991 by Ploska Shipyard. The Eule and Slavníč were unable to accommodate the then under development Hodit battle management system. Initially, steam turbines were considered for the class, however, modernised gas turbines from the Slavníč class were added to the design. Four gas turbines would output 120,000 horsepower (89 megawatts). In July 1991, design work on the VLS cells was completed. Initially, two batches (fore and aft) of 48 revolver style VLS cells were planned. The helipad would have a sliding deck with VLS cells underneath. Cost and reliability concerns led to the aft VLS cells being deleted in the final design. Two fore 100 mm cannons were planned in a similar fashion to the Slavníč class, however this was reduced to one sole 100 mm cannon.

15 ships were planned for the initial batch of destroyers. The design incorporated 48 VLS cells with the maritime variant of the PS-105 surface to air missile, PS-105M. The first ship was laid down on 15 November 1992 by Ploska Shipyard. The Lapša was launched on 30 August 1993 and finished sea trials in February 1994. She was commissioned on 4 December 1994. One hull was laid down in 1993, the Jazernica which was launched in June 1994. The third ship of the class Sazdice was laid down in late 1994. Jazernica was commissioned into service on 8 March 1996 and Sazdice was scheduled to be commissioned in 1997. Four more hulls were laid down with plans for them to be commissioned by 2000.

The political and economic crisis that griped Holynia between 1997 and 2001 greatly affected the Lapša class. Sazdice was moored in Slatnik at 99% completion. The Holyn government pulled all funding for the remaining four hulls, which were at various stages of completion. Kosmo, the fourth ship of the Lapša class was at 60% completion. The shipyard was unable to complete the ship as a result of funding issues. Ploska Shipyard soon became clogged with various damaged civil and warships from the war in Bogoria. In June 1999, the Ministry of Defence decreed that Sazdice would be commissioned in 2000 and Kosmo would be completed. In 2000, work began on Sazdice and the ship was commissioned in April 2000. Funding issues resulted Kosmo and the three other unfinished hulls were cancelled and began to be scrapped.

Design

Weapons

The surface to air missile of the Lapša class is the PS-105M (maritime) air defence missile launched from 48 revolver style vertical launching system cells. The FS-610 are the primary land attack cruise missiles. The anti-ship missile is the FS-500 supersonic anti-ship cruise missile. The typical loadout prioritises carrying more PS-105M anti-air missiles over the other surface to surface missiles. This can be altered depending on the specific mission.

A single fore mounted 100 mm gun is mounted on the Lapša class ships. Two OS-150 CIWS provide defence capabilities at close ranges.

Command and control

The class featured the first generation of the Hodit command and control computer system developed by the Uhrov Polytechnical Science Academy. The system uses the ship's 3D air search radar to track targets and assist naval personnel in target identification and area air defence. It enables the PS-105M missile system to engage multiple targets simultaneously. Hodit was designed to communicate with the PS-105M to provide guidance and intercept scheduling. During the 2016 refit of the Lapša class, Hodit was updated to Hodit IV standards.

Radar

A passive electronically scanned array E band 3D radar is mounted on the ship for air target acquisition and is linked with the Hodit combat system. The radar can search for aircraft up to 300 km. Much of the remaining systems were carried over from the Eule and Slavníč destroyers. A G/H band surface search radar provides scanning for the CIWS system. An over-the-horizon targeting radar is mounted for surface search. Navigation and surface control radars are also mounted.

Sonar

The powerful anti-submarine warfare systems of the Slavníč class was installed on the Lapša class. Hull mounted and towed array sonar systems are installed on the Lapša class.

Ships of class

Name	Namesake	Builders	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Fleet	Status
HMS Lapša	Lapša, Nitra Region, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	15 November 1992	30 August 1993	4 December 1994	1st Fleet	Active
HMS Jazernica	Jazernica, Staré Region, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	19 July 1993	3 June 1994	8 March 1996	1st Fleet	Active
HMS Sazdice	Sazdice, Krupina, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	23 November 1994	14 August 1995	12 April 2000	1st Fleet	Active
HMS Kosmo	Kosmo	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	18 June 1996				Cancelled and scrapped in 2002
HMS Malenitz	Malenitz hill, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	21 August 1996				Cancelled and disassembled in 2002
HMS Bytina	Bytina district, Bytca, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	9 December 1996				Cancelled and disassembled in 2002
HMS Kováň	Kováň district, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	Planned for 1997				Cancelled
HMS Milná	Milná, Poltar, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	Planned for 1998				Cancelled
HMS Rodik	Rodik district, Bystrica, Holynia	Ploska Shipyard, Ploska	Planned for 1999				Cancelled