Tarvinder Samdarani Singh
| Tarvinder Samdarani Singh | |
|---|---|
| Maharaja of the Punjab, Sher-e-Hind, Sarkar Khalsaji, Lord of Five Rivers | |
 Tarvinder in 1946 | |
| 1st Maharaja of the Punjab | |
| Reign | 18 January 1943 – 3 August 1985 |
| Predecessor | Position established |
| Successor | Devendra Singh |
| Maharaja of the Utarapunjab | |
| Reign | 19 June 1938 – 18 January 1943 |
| Predecessor | Paramveer Singh |
| Successor | Position abolished |
| Born | 12 March 1913 Bakalanagama, Utarapunjab State |
| Died | 28 May 1990 (aged 77) Amritsar, Mahja Province, Khalistan |
| Consort | Gyanpreet Naloka Kaur |
| Issue | Devendra Singh Brahamjeet Kaur |
| Dynasty | Addalaimure |
| Father | Paramveer Singh |
| Mother | Quarbani Baseen |
| Religion | Sikhism |
Tarvinder Samdarani Singh (12 March 1913 – 28 May 1990) was the first Maharaja of the Kingdom of the Punjab and the last Maharaja of the Utarapunjab State. He ruled as the former from 18 January 1943 to 3 August 1985, and the latter from 19 June 1938 to 18 January 1943.
Tarvinder inherited a state under the rule of the Free State of Indiae after his father Paramveer Singh died. Consequently, Tarvinder was obliged to pay tribute to the Quenminese with finances and troops. However, Tarvinder at times refused to fulfill his obligations from his nationalistic demeanor, which resulted in coercive negotiations and repressions from the Inidaen and Quenminese government. Upon receiving word of the Allied armies moving from the Middle East, Tarvinder sent a secret message to its High Command for assistance. Days later, Tarvinder, with the support of the locals upon hearing of the Desecration of the Golden Temple, instigated a revolt against Quenminese rule. After liberating Amritsar, Tarvinder organized the government of the Free Khalistan Provisional State and declared himself Maharaja. During the Liberation of Indiae, Tarvinder provided troops to support the Allied offensive, and continued to do so during the Liberation of Bethausia and Operation Arbiter.
After the end of the war, Tarvinder faced numerous calls from the liberated Indiaen government to be reintegrated into their territory. He and his government refused their offers, which rose tensions between his Kingdom and the government despite his shrewd thinking. The United Kingdom, Bethausia, Kyachindwin, and Quenmin intervened to defuse the situation. Eventually, on 12 April 1946, Khalistan was assured full independence, incentivizing Tarvinder to assent beneficial trade agreements and foreign investment laws to the assisting nations as a token of gratitude. Tarvinder continued to rule until 3 August 1985, upholding democratic principles and religious tolerance that fueled more of his popularity. During the rest of his reign, Khalistan's economy grew, enabling Khalistan as an economic powerhouse. He abdicated in favor of his son Devendra Singh due to his failing health, and died in his retirement home in Amritsar on 28 May 1990.