President of West Miersa: Difference between revisions

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|post            = President
|post            = President
|body            = West Miersa
|body            = West Miersa
|nativename      = Prezydent Federacji Mierskiej ({{wp|Polish language|Miersan}})
|nativename      = Prezydent Republika Mierska ({{wp|Polish language|Miersan}})
|flag            = West_Miersa_arms.png
|flag            = WMCoaNew.png
|flagsize        = 150px
|flagsize        = 150px
|flagborder      =  
|flagborder      =  
|flagcaption    = Emblem
|flagcaption    = Emblem
|department      =  
|department      =  
|image          = Jarosław_Kaczyński_Sejm_2016a_(cropped).JPG
|image          = Aleksandar Vučić (2022-11-11).jpg
|imagesize      = 150px
|imagesize      = 150px
|alt            =  
|alt            =  
|incumbent      = [[Sylwester Wrzesiński]]
|incumbent      = [[Jakub Lewkowicz]]
|incumbentsince  = 3 October, 2016
|incumbentsince  = 7 April 2014
|style          =  
|style          =  
|residence      =
|residence      =
Line 18: Line 18:
|member_of      =  
|member_of      =  
|appointer      =  
|appointer      =  
|termlength      = Two terms (maximum, five-year terms)
|termlength      = Five years
|termlength_qualified =  
|termlength_qualified =  
|constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of West Miersa]]
|constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of West Miersa]]
|inaugural      = [[Świętosław Wojdyla]]
|inaugural      = [[Pawel Michalowski]]
|formation      = 3 October, 1936
|formation      = 26 October, 1936
|last            =  
|last            =  
|abolished      =  
|abolished      =  
|succession      =  
|succession      =  
|deputy          = [[Minister-President of West Miersa]]
|deputy          = [[Premier of West Miersa]]
|salary          =  
|salary          =  
|website        =  
|website        =  
}}
}}
The '''President of the Miersan Federation''' ({{wp|Polish language|Miersan}}: ''Prezydent Federacji Mierskiej''), commonly known as the '''President of West Miersa''' (''Prezydent Mierski Zachodniej'') is the {{wp|head of state}} of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Federation]]. Created in 1936 with the establishment of West Miersa, it was constitutionally defined as being the head of state, but over the decades has also become the {{wp|de-facto}} {{wp|head of government}}.
The '''President of the Miersan Republic''' ({{wp|Polish language|Miersan}}: ''Prezydent Republika Mierska''), commonly known as the '''President of West Miersa''' (''Prezydent Mierski Zachodniej'') is the {{wp|head of state}} of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Republic]]. Created in 1936 with the establishment of West Miersa, it was constitutionally defined as being the head of state, but over the decades has also become the {{wp|de-facto}} {{wp|head of government}}.


The president is elected every five years alongside the Sejm via first-past-the-post. Over the decades the position has been commonly considered to be that of an autocrat, being a military dictator from the 1940s to the 1980s to a civilian dictator since. The current president [[Jakub Lewkowicz]] has served in the role since 2008 being re-elected thrice.
==History==
==History==
With the independence of West Miersa from [[Narozalica]] following the implementation of the [[Godfredson Plan]] in 1936, the drafters of the [[Constitution of West Miersa|West Miersan constitution]] sought to create a {{wp|head of state}} modelled on the [[President of Narozalica|Narozalic Presidency]], elected every five years by the people of the Miersan Federation. However, unlike Narozalica, the framers decided to institute term limits, with each President only being re-elected once.
Although the Presidency was not intended to be as centralised as the Narozalic Presidency, with powers being distributed to the [[National Assembly (West Miersa)|legislature]] and the [[Administrative divisions of West Miersa|voivodeships]], following the accession of [[Świętosław Wojdyla]] to the Presidency in 1936, Wojdyla centralised powers in the Presidency, enabling a domination of West Miersan politics by the [[Wojdyla family]] from independence until 1986: by the time of the [[Miersan War]] in 1979, the President was by far the {{wp|de-facto}} {{wp|head of government}}, with the [[Minister-President of West Miersa|Minister-President]] effectively being a puppet of the President.
In the 2000s, many of the de-facto powers of the Presidency were "granted" to the Minister-President by [[Tomisław Sobolewski]], who delegated powers to [[Oskar Palubicki]]. However, following the election of [[Gerard Wojdyla]] to the Minister-Presidency in 2011, Sobolewski and Gerard Wojdyla engaged in a power struggle that ultimately lead to Sobolewski resigning in 2013 after the Narozalic government backed Wojdyla. However, in 2016, after Wojdyla was succeeded as President by incumbent [[Sylwester Wrzesiński]], Wrzesiński was able to reverse the liberalisation made by Sobolewski.
==Role==
==Role==
Under the [[Constitution of West Miersa|West Miersan constitution]], the President functions as the {{wp|head of state}} of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Federation]], with the power to sign legislation into law, to appoint and dismiss the [[Minister-President of West Miersa|Minister-President]] of the Miersan Federation from among the [[National Assembly (West Miersa)|National Assembly]], and to appoint legislators to represent what the West Miersan government considers to be "[[Administrative divisions of West Miersa|voivodeships under Kirenian occupation]]."
Under the [[Constitution of West Miersa|West Miersan constitution]], the President functions as the {{wp|head of state}} of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Republic]], with the power to sign legislation into law, to appoint and dismiss the [[Premier of West Miersa|Premier]] of the Miersan Republic from among the [[Sejm (West Miersa)|Sejm]], and to appoint legislators to represent what the West Miersan government considers to be "[[Administrative divisions of West Miersa|voivodeships under Valduvian occupation]]."


In addition, the President of the Miersan Federation has an obligation to represent all {{wp|Polish people|Miersans}}, both within the Miersan Federation, but also on the international stage.
In addition, the President of the Miersan Republic has an obligation to represent all {{wp|Polish people|Miersans}}, both within the Miersan Republic, but also on the international stage.


Although officially, the President is merely the head of state, over the decades, particularly during the [[Wojdyla family]]'s domination of West Miersa from 1936 until 1986, power has been de-facto centralised in the presidency, with most of the powers legally assigned to the Minister-President often being exercised by the President's office. While some presidents, most notably [[Tomisław Sobolewski]] and [[Gerard Wojdyla]] have allowed the Minister-President to exercise their powers, this has generally been the exception rather than the norm.


==Official residence==
==Official residence==
[[File:Zameczek_prezydenta_RP_(Zamek_Górny)_w_Wiśle_2.JPG|250px|thumb|left|[[Żobrodź Castle]], [[West Żobrodź]], 2013]]
The President of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Federation]] has an {{wp|official residence}} in the capital city of [[West Żobrodź]], known as the [[Żobrodź Castle]].
Historically, this was the residence of the royal family of [[Miersa]], serving as one of their residences up until the start of the [[Interregnum (Miersa)|Interregnum]] in 1623. Following the end of the [[War of the Miersan Succession]], it became the residence of the [[Duchy of Żobrodź|dukes of Żobrodź]], remaining until 1687, when the Duchy of Żobrodź was abolished. Throughout the next two-and-a-half centuries, Żobrodź Castle served as the residence for various officials, although due to its location near the border with the [[Gaullica|Gaullican]]-controlled regions of Miersa, the [[Narozalica|Narozalics]] prefered to set their capital in [[Krada]].
Following the independence of the Miersan Federation from Narozalica in 1936, Żobrodź Castle quickly became the official residence of the presidency, serving in this role continuously since then, with the exception of the [[Miersan War]], when after the fall of Żobrodź, the residence ended up under eastern control. The castle was severely damaged, and in the aftermath, had to be rebuilt, although the reconstruction was not faithful to the original designs, as the then-President sought to modernize the castle to make it more comfortable for his family, and equipping the offices with the latest technologies as was in existence at the time.


==List of Presidents==
==List of Presidents==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:60%;
|-
!align="center" colspan=4|President
!align="center"|Term of office
!align="center"|Party
|-
|'''1'''
|style="background:silver"|
|[[File:Mannerheim1940.jpg|100px]]
|<big>'''[[Pawel Michalowski]]'''</big><br>1867{{ndash}}<br>1950
|1935 <br>{{ndash}}<br>1950
|Independent
|-
|'''2'''
|style="background:#2BD861"|
|[[File:J.K. Paasikivi 1945 portrait (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|<big>'''[[Emil Wojnicz]]'''</big><br>1870{{ndash}}<br>1959
|1950 <br>{{ndash}}<br>1959
|[[Republika (West Miersa)|Republika]]
|-
|'''3'''
|style="background:#2BD861"|
|[[File:Urho-Kekkonen-1975 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|<big>'''[[Konstanty Bartko]]'''</big><br>1900{{ndash}}<br>1985
|1959 <br>{{ndash}}<br>1980
|[[Republika (West Miersa)|Republika]]
|-
|'''4'''
|style="background:#2BD861"|
|[[File:Kalevi-Sorsa-1975 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|<big>'''[[Sylwester Petroski]]'''</big><br>1930{{ndash}}<br>2001
|1980 <br>{{ndash}}<br>1982
|[[Republika (West Miersa)|Republika]]
|-
|-
!rowspan=2 style="width:25px;"|№
|'''5'''
!colspan=2 style="width:280px;"|President
|style="background:#1B4107"|
!colspan=3|Term of office
|[[File:Борис Николаевич Ельцин-1 (cropped) (cropped).jpg|100px]]
! style="width:100px;" rowspan="2"|Political Party
|<big>'''[[Kazimierz Glogowski]]'''</big><br>1931{{ndash}}<br>2006
! style="width:160px;" rowspan="2"|Elected
|1982 <br>{{ndash}}<br>2004
! style="width:160px;" rowspan="2"|Minister-Presidents
|Independent (1982-1989)<br>[[Zobowiazanie]] (1989-2004
|-
|-
!Portrait
|'''6'''
!width=180px|Name<br /><small>(Birth–Death)</small>
|style="background:#1B4107"|
!Took Office
|[[File:Dmitry Medvedev official large photo -1 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
!Left Office
|<big>'''[[Tomasz Kopernik]]'''</big><br>1964{{ndash}}
!Days
|2004 <br>{{ndash}}<br>2014
|[[Zobowiazanie]]
|-
|-
|colspan="9" bgcolor="lightgrey" align=center|'''1936-present'''<br />[[File:West_Miersa_flag.svg|30px]] • President of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Federation]] • [[File:West_Miersa_flag.svg|30px]]
|'''7'''
|style="background:#1B4107"|
|[[File:Open Balkan 29 07 2021 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|<big>'''[[Jakub Lewkowicz]]'''</big><br>1970{{ndash}}
|2014 <br>{{ndash}}<br>
|[[Zobowiazanie]]
|-
|-
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|1}}
|[[File:Ignacy_Moscicki.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Świętosław Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1874-1953)}}
|3 October, 1936
|3 October, 1946
|{{age in days|1936|10|3|1946|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1936|1936]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#1941|1941]]
|[[Więcesław Pawlicki]]<br>[[Cezary Wojdyla]]<br>[[Maurycy Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|2}}
|[[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-11032,_August_Zaleski.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Maurycy Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1877-1963)}}
|3 October, 1946
|3 October, 1956
|{{age in days|1946|10|3|1956|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1946|1946]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#1951|1951]]
|[[Tobiasz Wojdyla]]<br>[[Kacper Niemczyk]]<br>[[Iwon Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|3}}
|[[File:Kazimierz_Sabbat.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Iwon Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1906-1989)}}
|3 October, 1956
|3 October, 1961
|{{age in days|1956|10|3|1961|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1956|1956]]
|[[Lesław Przybyszewski]]<br>[[Romuald Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|4}}
|[[File:Piotr_Jaroszewicz_1977.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Romuald Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1909-1992)}}
|3 October, 1961
|3 October, 1971
|{{age in days|1961|10|3|1971|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1961|1961]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#1966|1966]]
|[[Eliasz Kempisty]]<br>[[Kacper Niemczyk]]<br>[[Tadeusz Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|5}}
|[[File:Edward_Gierek_1980b.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Tadeusz Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1913-2001)}}
|3 October, 1971
|3 October, 1986
|{{age in days|1971|10|3|1986|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1971|1971]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#1976|1976]]
|[[Kacper Niemczyk]]<br>[[Inocenty Wojdyla]]<br>[[Stanisław Kantorowicz]]<br>[[Arkadiusz Stuczynski]]<br>[[Florentyn Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#EFC807;"|{{color|black|6}}
|[[File:Ryszard_Kaczorowski_2008.JPG|80px]]
|'''[[Maksymilian Trzeciak]]'''<br/>{{small|(1919-2010)}}
|3 October, 1986
|3 October, 1996
|{{age in days|1986|10|3|1996|10|3}}
| style="background:#EFC807;"|[[Naprzód (West Miersa)|{{color|black|Naprzód}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1986|1986]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#1991|1991]]
|[[Ksawery Sulewski]]<br>[[Korneli Krasowsky]]<br>[[Damian Jackowiak]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#EFC807;"|{{color|black|7}}
|[[File:Lech_Wałęsa_prezydent_RP.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Damian Jackowiak]]'''<br/>{{small|(1943-)}}
|3 October, 1996
|3 October, 2006
|{{age in days|1996|10|3|2006|10|3}}
| style="background:#EFC807;"|[[Naprzód (West Miersa)|{{color|black|Naprzód}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#1996|1996]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#2001|2001]]
|[[Korneliusz Cygan]]<br>[[Tomisław Sobolewski]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#EFC807;"|{{color|black|8}}
|[[File:Aleksander_Kwasniewski_-_World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_Davos_2004.jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Tomisław Sobolewski]]'''<br/>{{small|(1954-)}}
|3 October, 2006
|23 June, 2013
|{{age in days|2006|10|3|2013|6|23}}
| style="background:#EFC807;"|[[Naprzód (West Miersa)|{{color|black|Naprzód}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#2006|2006]]<br>[[Elections in West Miersa#2011|2011]]
|[[Oskar Palubicki]]<br>[[Gerard Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#C24650;"|{{color|white|-}}
|[[File:Kazimierz_Marcinkiewicz_2006_(cropped).jpg|80px]]
|'''[[Gerard Wojdyla]]'''<br/>{{small|(1959-)}}
|23 June, 2013
|3 October, 2016
|{{age in days|2013|6|23|2016|10|3}}
| style="background:#C24650;"|[[Miersan National Party|{{color|white|Nationals}}]]
|''none''
|[[Aleksandra Wojdyla]]
|- bgcolor=#EEEEEE
!style="background:#EFC807;"|{{color|black|9}}
|[[File:Jarosław_Kaczyński_Sejm_2016a_(cropped).JPG|80px]]
|'''[[Sylwester Wrzesiński]]'''<br/>{{small|(1949-)}}
|3 October, 2016
|''incumbent''
|{{age in days|2016|10|3}}
| style="background:#EFC807;"|[[Naprzód (West Miersa)|{{color|black|Naprzód}}]]
|[[Elections in West Miersa#2016|2016]]
|[[Adrian Rozak]]
|}
==Living former Presidents==
Since the election of [[Sylwester Wrzesiński]] to the Presidency in 2016, there have been three living former Presidents of the [[West Miersa|Miersan Federation]].
<center>
<gallery>
Lech_Walesa_-_2009.jpg|'''[[Damian Jackowiak]]'''<br />served 1996-2006<br /> born 1943 (age {{age|1943|8|31}})
Aleksander_kwasniewski_konferencja_(cropped).jpg|'''[[Tomisław Sobolewski]]'''<br />served 2006-2013<br /> born 1954 (age {{age|1954|9|25}})
Kazimierz_Marcinkiewicz_(1118622297)_cropped.jpg|'''[[Gerard Wojdyla]]'''<br />served 2013-2016<br /> born 1959 (age {{age|1959|8|16}})
</gallery>
</center>
[[Category:West Miersa]]
[[Category:West Miersa]]

Latest revision as of 02:07, 15 December 2023

President of West Miersa
WMCoaNew.png
Emblem
Aleksandar Vučić (2022-11-11).jpg
Incumbent
Jakub Lewkowicz
since 7 April 2014
Term lengthFive years
Constituting instrumentConstitution of West Miersa
Inaugural holderPawel Michalowski
Formation26 October, 1936
DeputyPremier of West Miersa

The President of the Miersan Republic (Miersan: Prezydent Republika Mierska), commonly known as the President of West Miersa (Prezydent Mierski Zachodniej) is the head of state of the Miersan Republic. Created in 1936 with the establishment of West Miersa, it was constitutionally defined as being the head of state, but over the decades has also become the de-facto head of government.

The president is elected every five years alongside the Sejm via first-past-the-post. Over the decades the position has been commonly considered to be that of an autocrat, being a military dictator from the 1940s to the 1980s to a civilian dictator since. The current president Jakub Lewkowicz has served in the role since 2008 being re-elected thrice.

History

Role

Under the West Miersan constitution, the President functions as the head of state of the Miersan Republic, with the power to sign legislation into law, to appoint and dismiss the Premier of the Miersan Republic from among the Sejm, and to appoint legislators to represent what the West Miersan government considers to be "voivodeships under Valduvian occupation."

In addition, the President of the Miersan Republic has an obligation to represent all Miersans, both within the Miersan Republic, but also on the international stage.


Official residence

List of Presidents

President Term of office Party
1 Mannerheim1940.jpg Pawel Michalowski
1867–
1950 		1935
–
1950 		Independent
2 J.K. Paasikivi 1945 portrait (cropped).jpg Emil Wojnicz
1870–
1959 		1950
–
1959 		Republika
3 Urho-Kekkonen-1975 (cropped).jpg Konstanty Bartko
1900–
1985 		1959
–
1980 		Republika
4 Kalevi-Sorsa-1975 (cropped).jpg Sylwester Petroski
1930–
2001 		1980
–
1982 		Republika
5 Борис Николаевич Ельцин-1 (cropped) (cropped).jpg Kazimierz Glogowski
1931–
2006 		1982
–
2004 		Independent (1982-1989)
Zobowiazanie (1989-2004
6 Dmitry Medvedev official large photo -1 (cropped).jpg Tomasz Kopernik
1964– 		2004
–
2014 		Zobowiazanie
7 Open Balkan 29 07 2021 (cropped).jpg Jakub Lewkowicz
1970– 		2014
–
 Zobowiazanie
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