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The Paretian Revolutionary Conflict was a period of revolution and turmoil that took place in Paretia spanning over fifty years, from around 1782 to 1835, it is considered part of the greater Euclean Spring which saw the rise of revolution and uprisings across the continent. These events eventually culminated into the creation of a constitutional monarchy in Paretia in 1833, which lead to the liberalization and weakening of the monarch's original powers greatly.
Rule of Rafael II
The revolution was inspired heavily by events that lead to the Etrurian First Republic, and displease with rampant corruption and decadence of the ruling class. Rafael II, known for his dictator-like rule and flamboyant lifestyle, lived most of his life in his mansions across the country, his predecessor saw the growth of Paretian economic status, however it had begun to wain and famine and disease became common in cities. In 1782, Rafael II would dissolve his council of advisors, the Cortes da Paretia, made up of smaller leaders from around the country. This lead to outrage from the populace and the creation of the Reasonist Movement, a group that supported republicanism, nationalism, and rationalist thought. This group was lead by Leandro Tavares, a young leader and former captain in the Paretian Armada. He would also work with other revolutionaries, including Silvio Lourenço, Josué Sapateiro, and Jacob Gasol de Rasilla. Sapateiro was arrested and imprisoned in 1785 for speaking out in front of the Palacio do Solo.
Throughout the 1780s and 90s anti-government sentiment grew. During this time the Weranian Revolution and formation of the Weranian Republic saw massive support from Paretian Reasonists. King Rafael II would engage with the Etrurian First Republic in the Etrurian Revolutionary Wars during this time, the war became greatly unpopular as it put Paretia further into poverty, casualties from the war greatly angered the country. The King would retreat from public life and protests against the government began, calling for a constitution, Rafael II would deny this. By the 19th century the war with the Republic of Heaven put further strain on the country.
In 1806 the turmoil began to rise greatly upon the return of Tiago IV, claimant to the throne and heir of the House of Azulas, which ruled the country until 1735 when the House of Sagreira took over. For nearly a half a century it was rumored that the line was broken and their heirs dead. Despite being a monarch, he was supportive of the revolutionaries of Tavares, and was willing to work a compromise with them. King Rafael began to lose military support by this time, but still has loyal forces.
Revolution and Overthrow of Rafael II
Rafael II was concerned Civil War would collapse the union of Paretia permanently. During the turmoil, calls for secession by Tosutons and Esmeirans began to take hold. Revolutionary militia forces, mostly lead by Tavares and Tiago IV, would begin to gain military support. In 1807 Rafael II would order his forces to capture a group of revolutionaries in Esodos and ordered their execution on the spot, known as the Massacre at Esodos, civil war began to break out following the event. Rafael II would leave Precea out of fear of capture as revolutionary forces saw military backing and loyalist forces surrendering in many places. The use of bombings became a common tactic of the Reasonist Movement, and saw the killing of many of Rafael's family and advisors. By 1810 Ardesia would declare independence against a weakened Paretian colonial army, and saw the loss of the colony. By 1813 the armies of Paretia were defeated in the colony, it was considered a sign of weakness as King Rafael II has now lead Paretia into two wars. In 1813 revolutionary forces declared "complete war" on Rafael II and raised forces to capture the king, who by then was in hiding. Loyalist forces were greatly outnumbered as it seemed Paretia fell into a state of anarchy, with many factions claiming the throne or their own governments. Many self-proclaimed monarchists would side with the revolutionaries due to promises to work on creating a constitutional monarchy with Tiago IV. Many battles began to take place over the next few months, many loyalists were captured and executed by revolutionary armies.
The largest battle and end of Rafael II's rule was the Battle at Montoya Palace, where loyalist forces protecting the king were defeated by revolutionaries and King Rafael and his family executed, their clothing and dresses were flown on flag as revolutionaries left the palace victorious. A power vacuum in Paretia over the next month lead to other revolutionary movements and rebellions to take hold, namely separatist movements. The largest was the separatist movement in Tosutonia, there also were rebellions in Esmeira and Vicisa. Tavares would work with pro-Tiago forces to defeat these rebellions at first.
Rule of Tiago IV
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Tavares and Tiago IV would eventually be able to gain hold on most the country by the end of the May, and Tiago IV would be instated as the new King of Paretia in Precea on the 21st of May. Tiago IV would make a group of advisors tasked with making a constitution, which included various groups including the Reasonists, other factions included monarchists, clergy, representatives of the constituent kingdoms, and a group known as the Council of Workers, which represented Paretian workers, often considered and early example of a trade union. They would become the leading draftsmen of the constitution of Paretia. A divide began to split the Reasonist movement, many radicals lead by Leandro Tavares would split the faction in half. The others, known as the New Republicans of Paretia, lead by Silvio Lourenço and Josué Sapateiro, were much more willing to work with the monarch, their ideology was much more centered around liberalism. Tiago would have a constitution in 1814, however it was rejected by the Reaonists. The Reasonists still had immense power and much military support, and were in control of hundreds of revolutionary militias, this would keep Tiago from outright rejecting them.
Still during Tiago's rule, rebellions that sparked during the initial revolutions still were an issue. Separatists in Tosutonia still would conduct attacks on Paretian forces, in Esmeira the city of Vallenoche declared independence as the Republic of Esmeira with a government similar to the Etrurian First Republic. Tiago and Tavares would have the military and militia put down the rebellions with the goal of maintaining a "stable and united Paretia during it's revolution", in order to maintain a "difference" from Rafael II, Tiago IV ordered captured rebels not to be executed like what happened at Esodos.
Tiago IV's relationship with the revolutionaries deteriorated rapidly as Tavares was becoming impatient with Tiago's constitution drafts being considered too monarchist for him. Tavares and the Reasonists would reject five constitutional drafts by Tiago and the advisors, in 1814, after the fifth one, Tavares and the Reasonists would leave the advisory council. He would begin to call for another revolution to abolish the monarchy completely, for the most part the Reasonists used peaceful means against Tiago IV until October 1815 when he called upon militias and pro-revolution military to rise up, he would then proceed to commit the Regicide of 1815, which killed the two eldest sons of Tiago IV, this would lead to Tiago IV to ban them from the country and beginning of fighting again. Tiago would be able to have a larger army to battle revolutionaries due to support from moderates, constitutional monarchists, and conservatives. He would keep the Reasonists at bay until his death in 1816.
Early rule of Xavier II
