São Telmo
Captaincy General of São Telmo of Minas Gerais Capitania-Geral do São Telmo de Minas Gerais (Portuguese) | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Capital and largest city | Cidade Mineirense |
| Official languages | Portuguese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
• President | Federico Gonçalo Benevides |
• Captain General | Bento Murilo Ferraz |
São Telmo officially the Captaincy-General of São Telmo de Minas Gerais is a semi-autonomous and partially recognized country located in South America, within the Brazilian borders. It borders the brazilian states of Bahía to the north, Espírito Santo to the east, Rio de Janeiro to the southeast, São Paulo to the south, Mato Grosso do Sul to the southwest, Goiás to the west and to the northwest Brasília. The country is subdivided in 853 municipalities and its capital is Cidade Mineirense. Other important and largest cities are Ouro Preto and Uberlândia.
Since the declaration of semi-autonomy by part of the Brazilian government, the country has developed great efforts to achieve goals in non-revolutionary socialism, respectful to human dignity and democracy itself.
History
The history of São Telmo traces its roots back to the early 15th century when it was discovered by Portuguese explorers. In the year 1401, during the Age of Exploration, a Portuguese expedition led by Captain Estevão Fagundes stumbled upon the verdant shores of what is now known as São Telmo. This auspicious encounter marked the inception of European presence in the region.
As colonial endeavors unfolded, São Telmo became a pivotal hub for gold mining operations. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the colonial economy relied heavily on the exploitation of gold mines, leading to the introduction of African slavery to support the burgeoning demand for labor. Enslaved Africans were subjected to cruel and inhumane conditions in these gold mines, enduring severe hardships and exploitation.
However, the oppressive system of slavery sparked resistance among the Black population. In the 18th century, Black people in São Telmo initiated rebellions against the colonial rule in a valiant struggle for emancipation and dignity. Despite their courageous efforts, these uprisings were met with brutal repression by the colonial authorities, resulting in significant losses and persistent subjugation.
The turning point in São Telmo's history came with the outbreak of the War of Independence in the early 19th century. Stirred by the ideals of liberty and sovereignty, the native population, along with Black and mixed-race communities, united to challenge the colonial yoke. The protracted conflict witnessed fierce battles and determined resistance against the Portuguese colonial forces.
Finally, on a momentous day in 1825, São Telmo achieved its long-cherished independence, breaking free from the shackles of Portuguese domination. As a tribute to its rich gold-mining legacy, the newly sovereign nation assumed the name "Minas Gerais," signifying the abundance of precious minerals that had shaped its history.
Throughout the following century, Minas Gerais forged its identity and pursued socio-economic development. In 2030, recognizing the historical significance and distinct cultural heritage of the region, the Brazilian government granted Minas Gerais a degree of semi-autonomy, allowing it to govern certain internal affairs independently. In acknowledgment of its unique history and to honor its past, the nation was renamed "São Telmo de Minas Gerais."
Geography
São Telmo is located between the parallels of 14º13'58" and 22º54'00" south latitude and the meridians of 39º51'32" and 51º02'35" west of Greenwich. Its time zone corresponds to minus 3 hours in relation to Greenwich. Its territory covers an area of 588,384.30 km².
Climate
São Telmo features two main climate types: highland temperate climate (Cwa) and tropical savanna climate, that covers most of the country. The temperatures are relatively high all-year round, with an average of 31.7 °C (89.1 °F) in the capital and only two seasons. From October to February (summer) it doesn't rain not even a drop and the temperatures get unbearably scorching for many weeks. During March and April 'the little rains' (chuvas pequenas) give way to the monsoon from May to September, the coolest part of the year, mostly due to the rainfall.
| Climate data for Cidade Mineirense | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 43.7 (110.7) |
42.4 (108.3) |
40.1 (104.2) |
38.8 (101.8) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.9 (96.6) |
31.9 (89.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
39.7 (103.5) |
41.4 (106.5) |
42.7 (108.9) |
43.3 (109.9) |
39.4 (102.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 36.5 (97.7) |
34.9 (94.8) |
33.8 (92.8) |
30.5 (86.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.0 (84.2) |
30.7 (87.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
33.3 (91.9) |
35.9 (96.6) |
31.7 (89.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 29.4 (84.9) |
27.9 (82.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.8 (71.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
24.0 (75.2) |
28.6 (83.5) |
24.1 (75.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
92.8 (3.65) |
97.5 (3.84) |
259.2 (10.20) |
378.3 (14.89) |
725.7 (28.57) |
496.6 (19.55) |
88.5 (3.48) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
2,138.6 (84.18) |
| Source: [NAME OF THE WEBSITE] | |||||||||||||
Economy
According to international observances, mineirense economy is considered as a middle-income economy.
São Telmo economy is mostly comprised by the exploitation of gold mines as well as other precious stones. In the non-tropical zones, agricultural activities like cattle breeding has always been at the top. Production of coffee, cocoa beans, rice and beverages like cachaça are also important.
Imports are mostly information technology industry and furniture restoration. However, there has been many important efforts to produce it in the country and substitute the import.