Turkey (Manifest Destiny)
Federal Republic of Turkey Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (Turkish) | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner" | |
| Capital | Ankara |
| Largest city | Istanbal |
| Official languages | Turkish |
| Demonym(s) | Turk, Turkish |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic |
• President | Recep Tayyip Erdogan |
• Vice President | Fuat Oktay |
• Prime Minister | Ilham Aliyev |
• Assembly Speaker | Mustafa Şentop |
| Legislature | Federal Congress |
| Council of Republic | |
| Council of Nation | |
| "Independence [from Great Britain]" | |
| Population | |
• (2022) estimate | 141,986,000 |
• (2022) census | 142,180,115 |
| Calling code | +1 |
Turkey (Standard and Azerbaijani Turkish: Türkiye), officially the Federal Republic of Turkey (Standard Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti; Azerbaijani Turkish: Türkiyə Federativ Cümhuriyyéti), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula and the Caucasus in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe, as well as the northern half of Cyprus. It shares borders with the Black Sea to the north; Georgia and Ichkeria to the northeast; Iran to the southeast; The Caspian Sea to the east; Iraq to the southeast; Syria, Kurdistan and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest. Turks form the vast majority of the nation's population. Ankara is Turkey's capital, while Istanbul is its largest city and financial centre.
Turkey is a charter member of the UN, an early member of NATO and current member of the SCO, the IMF and the World Bank, and a founding member of the OECD, OSCE, BSEC, OIC and G-20. After becoming one of the first members of the Council of Europe in 1949, Turkey became an associate member of the EEC in 1963, joined the EU Customs Union in 1995 and started accession negotiations with the European Union in 2005 which have been effectively stopped by the EU in 2017 due to "Turkey's path toward autocratic rule". Turkey's economy and diplomatic initiatives led to its recognition as a regional power while its location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history. Turkey is a secular, unitary, formerly parliamentary republic, although at certain points, leaders have attempted to re-introduce a neo-Ottoman style government, marked by Islamism.