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{{Region icon Kylaris}}
{{Region icon Kylaris}}
{{Wip}}
{{Infobox official post
{{Infobox official post
| post                    = Premier
| post                    = Premier
| body                    = Belmonte
| body                    = Belmonte
| native_name              = Premiê de Belmonte
| native_name              = <small>Premiê de Belmonte ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}})</small>
| flag                    = Belmonte_flag.png
| flag                    = Belmonte_flag.png
| flagcaption              = [[Flag of Belmonte]]
| flagcaption              = [[Flag of Belmonte]]
| insignia                = Brasão_belmonte.png
| insignia                = Brasão_belmonte.png
| insigniacaption          = [[Coat of arms of Belmonte]]
| insigniacaption          = [[Coat of arms of Belmonte]]
| image                    = Graça_fonseca.png
| image                    = Tereza_Cristina_em_18_de_julho_de_2019.jpg
| imagesize                = 225px
| imagesize                = 225px
| incumbent                = [[Graça Fonseca]]
| incumbent                = [[Rita Maurino]]
| incumbentsince          = 05 May 2020
| incumbentsince          = 05 May 2015
| status                  = {{wp|Head of government}}
| status                  = {{wp|Head of government}}
| department              = [[Government of Belmonte]]<br>[[National Congress of Belmonte]]<br>[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Premier's Office]]<br>[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Cabinet Office]]
| department              = [[Government of Belmonte]]<br>[[National Congress of Belmonte]]<br>[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Premier's Office]]<br>[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Cabinet Office]]
| style                    = {{wp|Prime Minister|Premier}}<br>(informal)<br>{{wp|Excellency|His/Her Excellency}}<br>(formal and international)
| style                    = {{wp|Prime Minister|Premier}}<br>(informal)<br>{{wp|Excellency}}<br>(formal and international)
| member_of                = [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|Chamber of Deputies]]{{·}}[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Cabinet]]{{·}}[[State Council of Belmonte|State Council]]{{·}}[[National Defence Council of Belmonte|National Defence Council]]
| member_of                = [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|Chamber of Deputies]]{{·}}[[Cabinet of Belmonte|Cabinet]]{{·}}[[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]]{{·}}[[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]]
| reports_to              = [[President of Belmonte|President]] and the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]]
| reports_to              = [[President of Belmonte|President]] and the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]]
| residence                = [[Bensafrim House]]
| residence                = [[Bensafrim House]]
Line 21: Line 22:
| nominator                = [[List of political parties in Belmonte|Political parties]]
| nominator                = [[List of political parties in Belmonte|Political parties]]
| appointer                = [[President of Belmonte|The President]]
| appointer                = [[President of Belmonte|The President]]
| appointer_qualified      = The president appoints the leader of the party with the majority of seats in Congress.
| appointer_qualified      = The president appoints the leader of the party with the majority of seats in Congress
| termlength              = {{wp|Term limit|No term limits}}
| termlength              = {{wp|Term limit|No term limits}}
| termlength_qualified    = As long as the premier has parliamentary support.
| termlength_qualified    = As long as the premier has parliamentary support
| constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of Belmonte|Constitution]]
| constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of Belmonte|Constitution]]
| formation                = 18 October 1836
| formation                = 18 October 1836
Line 30: Line 31:
| website                  = [http://wwww.belmonte.gov.be wwww.belmonte.gov.be]
| website                  = [http://wwww.belmonte.gov.be wwww.belmonte.gov.be]
}}
}}
The '''Premier of Belmonte''' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Iustian}}: ''Premiê de Belmonte''), officially the '''President of the Council of Ministers of the United Republic of Belmonte''' (Iustian: ''Presidente do Conselho de Ministros da República Unida de Belmonte''), is the {{wp|head of government}} of Belmonte. The premier leads both the {{wp|executive}} and {{wp|legislative}} through the [[Cabinet of Belmonte|Council of Ministers]], being accountable to the [[President of Belmonte|Presidency]], the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]] and their [[List of political parties in Belmonte|political parties]].
{{Politics of Belmonte}}
The '''Premier of Belmonte''' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}}: ''Premiê de Belmonte''), officialy the '''President of the Council of Ministers of the United Republic of Belmonte''' (Luzelese: ''Presidente do Conselho de Ministros da República Unida de Belmonte'') is the {{wp|head of government}} of [[Belmonte]].


The office of premier was officially created after the [[Belmontese Revolution]] in 1836 as one of the provisions of the [[Second Belmontese Republic|new Belmontese political system]] agreed in the [[Riachuelo Agreement]] to avoid a stronger {{wp|presidency}}, with General [[Augusto Cintra]] becoming the first holder of the office. Initially under a {{wp|''primus inter pares''}} system, the premiership would be rotated between the [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|liberals]] and [[Conservative Party (Belmonte)|conservatives]] for its first years until the agreement was broken in 1909, leading to [[1909-1913 political crisis in Belmonte|long-term political instability and short-lived governments]]. After the [[National Renovation Coup]] and the [[Berquó's dictatorship|20-year dictatorship]] of [[João Berquó]] that succeeded the junta, the office would be abolished and replaced by the advisory title of {{wp|chief of staff}} until Berquó's fall in the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]]. The establishment of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]] and the [[Constitution of Belmonte|1936 constitution]] created a presidential-like premiership, which still is in use up to modern times.
The origins of the premiership trace back to the [[Durão Era|fall of the Durão regime]] amid the [[Belmontese Revolution]] in 1836. To secure long-term political stability for the nascent [[Third Belmontese Republic|Third Republic]], [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|liberal]] and [[Conservative Party (Belmonte)|conservative]] politicians met in [[Riachuelo]], the ensuing [[Riachuelo Pact]] agreeing to reduce {{wp|Presidential system|presidential}} powers in favour of a {{wp|parliamentary system}} with General [[Augusto Cintra]] becoming the first and longest holder of the office, being in power for 20 years. Initially under a {{wp|Primus inter pares|''primus inter pares'' system,}} the premiership would be rotated between liberals and conservatives during its first years until the [[Riachuelo Agreement|agreement was broken in 1906]], leading to [[1906-1913 political crisis in Belmonte|political instability and short-lived governments for the next years]].


The premier is appointed by the president after {{wp|general elections}} or after the resignation or incapacitation of the former incumbent of the office, being the leader of the party with the biggest number of seats in both houses of congress. It’s the responsibility of the premier of lead the country through the cabinet and represent the country at the world stage whilst being accountable to the president and the parliament. Besides being a member of the cabinet, the premier is also a member of the [[State Council of Belmonte|State Council]] and the [[National Defence Council of Belmonte|National Defence Council]].
After the [[National Renovation Coup]] and the [[Berquó Era|20-year dictatorship]] of [[João Berquó]], the office would be abolished until [[Berquó Era|Berquó's fall]] during the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]]. The establishment of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]] and the [[Constitution of Belmonte|1935 Constitution]] established a {{wp|Parliamentary system|presidential-like premiership}}, which still is in use up to modern times.


Several privileges are given to the incumbent occupants of the office, such as an {{wp|official residence}} at [[Bensafrim House]].
The premier is appointed by the [[President of Belmonte|president]] after {{wp|General election|general elections}} or after the {{wp|resignation}} or {{wp|incapacitation}} of the former incumbent of the office, usually but not necessarily being the [[List of political parties in Belmonte|leader of the party]] with the biggest number of seats in the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]]. It’s the responsibility of the premier to lead the country through the [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]] and enact his or her domestic and international agenda. Besides being a member of the cabinet, the premier is also a member of the [[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]] and the [[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]].


Given its importance in domestic and regional policies and decision-making, many specialists regard the Belmontese premiership as one of the most important roles in the [[Asteria Inferior|Asterian continent]].
Given its importance in domestic and regional policies and decision-making, many specialists regard the Belmontese premiership as one of the most relevant and powerful roles in the [[Asteria Inferior|Asterian continent]].
==Naming conventions==
==Naming conventions==
{{multiple image
According to the [[Constitution of Belmonte|Constitution]], the premier's official title is ''President of the Council of Ministers'' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}}: ''Presidente do Conselho de Ministros''), often shortened to ''President of the Council'' at formal correspondence. However, the unofficial term ''Premier'' (''Premiê'') always has been more used in the entirety of its history, with other less used variations being ''prime minister'', ''state minister'' or ''president of the government''.
|align=left
|image1=Saldanha.PNG
|width1= 150
|caption1= [[Augusto Cintra]] was the first premier of Belmonte.
|alt1= Augusto Cintra
|width2= 119
|caption2= [[Júlio Lobato]] was the first premier of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]].
|image2=Oswaldo_Aranha.jpg
|alt2= Júlio Lobato
}}
According to the [[Constitution of Belmonte|constitution]], the premier's official title is ''President of the Council of Ministers'' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Iustian}}: ''Presidente do Conselho de Ministros''), often shortened to ''President of the Council'' at formal correspondence. However, the unofficial term ''Premier'' (''Premiê'') always has been more used in the entirety of its history, with other less used variations being ''prime minister'', ''state minister'' or ''president of the government''.
==History==
==History==
{{main|History of Belmonte}}
===Origins===
After the [[Federalist Revolt|liberal victory]] at the [[Federalist Revolt]] in 1792, the [[Confederation of Belmonte|old confederal system]] of government was replaced by a [[First Belmontese Republic|federal presidential republic]] with the [[President of Belmonte|president]] himself receiving a large number of powers. Over the years, more powers would be concentrated around the presidency whilst [[National Congress of Belmonte|congress]] became more of an {{wp|advisory council}} which, alongside further crackdowns against conservative groups, made Belmonte a {{wp|one-party state}}. Years of liberal violence against political oppositions would lead to the [[1828 Coup]], where the armed forces overthrew president [[Plínio Veríssimo]] and gave power to conservative politician [[Joaquim Durão]]. Durão would abolish both the constitution and congress, ruling as a dictator until his removal by force through the [[Belmontese Revolution]] in 1836.
===Development===
 
===Since 1935===
General [[Augusto Cintra]], a moderate conservative and one of the perpetrators of the revolution, arranged a meeting between liberals and conservatives to create long-term stability for the new [[Second Belmontese Republic|Second Republic]]. This agreement, known as the [[Riachuelo Agreement]], established an {{wp|Oligarchy|oligarchic}} {{wp|parliamentary republic}} in which the presidency would be rotated between both groups while the newly created office of premier would be elected by the parliament. After the creation of the premiership, Cintra became its first holder.
==Selection==
 
===Qualifications for office===
In 1909, the [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|Liberal Party]] was dissolved and the Riachuelo Agreement broken, causing a [[1909-1913 political crisis in Belmonte|severe political crisis]] which led to the [[National Renovation Coup]] and the creation of a provisional {{wp|military junta}}. After a [[Belmontese general election, 1915|rigged election]], the junta would give powers to right-wing nationalist [[João Berquó]]. During his dictatorship, Berquó abolished the premiership and replaced it with the office of {{wp|chief of staff}} (''Ministro-Chefe da Casa Civil''), a mostly advisory post whose only function was to coordinate other ministries.
===Appointment===
 
The end of the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]] led to the armed forces overthrowing Berquó and establishing the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|current republic]]. Under the [[Constitution of Belmonte|1936 constitution]], the present-day version of the premiership was established, with premiers receiving presidential-like powers. The [[Belmontese general election, 1915|first democratic elections]] would be held, and Júlio Lobato would become the first democratically elected premier. In 2015, [[Rita Maurino]] became the first woman to be elected into the office, being succeeded by another woman - her former foreign secretary [[Graça Fonseca]] - in 2020.
==Appointment and removal==
[[File:Castelo dutra gaertner.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Former premiers [[Jorge Castelo]] (left), [[Oswaldo Borges]] (middle) and [[Paulo Gaertner]] (right) at an economic conference in [[Castelonovo]] in 2007.]]
The premier is appointed by the president after {{wp|general elections}} or after the resignation or incapacitation of the former occupant of the office. The [[List of political parties of Belmonte|leader of the party]] that has support from the majority of [[National Congress of Belmonte|congress]], either through having most seats in both chambers or through a coalition with other parties, is appointed to the premiership, although this isn't an official rule: there have been cases in history where the president appointed other politicians to the office. If the incumbent resigns or is incapacitated, he could ask the president to appoint a successor of his own choice or ask to dissolve congress and declare new {{wp|general elections}}, with the president having the power to accept or decline both options.
 
By law, the premier must come from congress. Despite there is no law that prohibits the nomination of a {{wp|senator}} to the premiership, all presidents from 1935 picked someone from the [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|lower house of parliament]].
 
The premier's {{wp|term of office}} is the same as congress, which is five years according to the law. Although the [[Constitution of Belmonte|constitution]] says that a general election must happen at least every five years, the president could dissolve the parliament and declare earlier elections at his will, but every time this was done it was done with parliamentary approval or after being asked by the premier.
===Parliamentary confidence===
In order to govern, the premier and the cabinet need the {{wp|Parliamentary confidence|confidence}} of both houses of congress, either through having a majority of seats or through a {{wp|coalition government}} with other {{wp|political parties}}. If the incumbent premier fails to accomplish one of these necessary requirements, the president could appoint someone with enough parliamentary support or, after asked by the premier, appoint a successor or declare new general elections.
==Role and powers==
==Role and powers==
As a {{wp|parliamentary republic}}, the premier is the {{wp|head of government}} and head of the {{wp|Executive (politics)|executive}}.
==Amenities==
===Executive powers===
[[File:Palacio_do_Planalto_Meeting_Room.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The cabinet room of [[Aranha Building]], where the premier and the cabinet meets every week.]]
The premier is responsible for leading and forming his [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]] as long as its members are drawn up from congress, more specifically from the chamber of deputies. Although theoretically under a {{wp|''primus inter pares''}} system, where every cabinet member has equal power among government decision, this power, in fact, relies on the premiership itself, with the premier being able to overturn every cabinet decision as well as appoint and dismiss ministers every time through {{wp|Cabinet reshuffle|cabinet reshuffles}}. This trend was established in the current [[Constitution of Belmonte|constitution of 1936]], which gave {{wp|President|presidential-like}} powers to the premier in contrast to the soft power that the office had during the [[Second Belmontese Republic|Second Republic]]. However, each premier has a different policy regarding how to treat cabinet ministers and affairs, with some opting for a more cohesive and harmonious way of governing while others preferring a more dominant and authoritarian approach.
[[File:Jose_Serra_cropped.png|thumb|left|110px|Premier [[Ludovico Rosa|Rosa]] answering questions from congress, 2009.]]
===Legislative powers===
The premier is responsible for creating and sending to the parliament {{wp|Budget|annual budgets}}, {{wp|Law|drafts}} and {{wp|Law|government bills}} for review and approval. Also, the premier needs to attend the weekly [[National Congress of Belmonte|premier's Questions]], in which the premier answers the questions of deputies regarding the government and its actions.
===Deputy===
The deputy premier isn't an established office set by the constitution, but more of a convention among premiers to appoint a possible successor after his retirement or incapacitation. Currently, the office is more used among coalition governments, with the leader of the junior coalition party generally being given this post along with another portfolio, such as [[Cabinet of Belmonte|foreign secretary]] or [[Cabinet of Belmonte|finances secretary]].
===Style of address===
The formal and diplomatic style of address used to designate the premier is {{wp|''Excellency''}}, a title that also is used to the former occupant of the office. However, the term ''premier'' itself is also used informally.
 
==Benefits==
[[File:Palácio_do_Catete_-_Museu_da_República.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Bensafrim House]], the premier's official residence.]]
===Residence===
===Residence===
Since 1863, the premier's official residence is the [[Bensafrim House]], which is, alongside other government buildings, situated in the [[Castelonovo|''Républica'']] borough in central [[Castelonovo]]. Before its construction, most premiers lived in their own homes whilst working and meeting with their cabinet at [[Pinhais’ House]], also located in the capital, which was demolished in order to allow the construction of the current residence. However, since the construction of the [[Aranha Building]] in the 60s, many premiers, although not all of them, opted to live in the house and work in the building.
===Salary===
===Salary===
Currently, the salary of the premier is $24,951 per month. Besides, the premier also receives his salary of deputy throughout his term.
==List==
==List==
{{main|List of heads of government of Belmonte}}
{{main|List of premiers of Belmonte}}
==Living former premiers==
==Living former premiers==
There are three living former Belmontese premiers:
There are two living former Belmontese premiers:
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px>
<center><gallery>
File:Paulo gaertner.jpg|[[Paulo Gaertner]] <br>(2000-2003)
File:Claudiolembo2006.jpg|[[Paulo Gaertner]] <br>(2000-2003)
File:Serra02032007-2.jpg|[[Ludovico Rosa]] <br>(2005-2015)
File:José Serra no Rio (cropped 2).jpg|[[Ludovico Rosa]] <br>(2005-2015)
File:Cármen_Lúcia_em_junho_de_2017.jpg|[[Rita Maurino]] <br>(2015-2020)
</gallery></center>
</gallery>
 
==See also==
==See also==
{| CELLPADDING=0 width="100%"
{| CELLPADDING=0 width="100%"
|- VALIGN=top
|- VALIGN=top
|width="50%"|
|width="50%"|
* [[List of heads of government of Belmonte|List of Belmontese premiers]]
* [[List of premiers of Belmonte|List of Belmontese premiers]]
* [[Government of Belmonte]]
* [[Government of Belmonte]]
|width="33%"|
* [[National Congress of Belmonte]]
* [[National Congress of Belmonte]]
* [[Cabinet of Belmonte]]
* [[Cabinet of Belmonte]]
|}
|}
{{Template:Belmonte topics}}
[[Category:Belmonte]]
[[Category:Belmonte]]
{{Belmontese premiers}}
{{Belmonte topics}}

Latest revision as of 00:37, 28 September 2021

Template:Region icon Kylaris

Premier of Belmonte
Premiê de Belmonte (Luzelese)
Brasão belmonte.png
Coat of arms of Belmonte
Belmonte flag.png
Flag of Belmonte
Tereza Cristina em 18 de julho de 2019.jpg
Incumbent
Rita Maurino
since 05 May 2015
Government of Belmonte
National Congress of Belmonte
Premier's Office
Cabinet Office
StylePremier
(informal)
Excellency
(formal and international)
StatusHead of government
Member ofChamber of Deputies · Cabinet · State Council · National Defence Council
Reports toPresident and the National Congress
ResidenceBensafrim House
SeatCastelonovo
NominatorPolitical parties
AppointerThe President
The president appoints the leader of the party with the majority of seats in Congress
Term lengthNo term limits
As long as the premier has parliamentary support
Constituting instrumentConstitution
Formation18 October 1836
First holderGen Augusto Cintra
Salary$24,951
Websitewwww.belmonte.gov.be
Belmonte
Coat of arms of Belmonte
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Belmonte
Executive
Legislative
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Armed Forces

The Premier of Belmonte (Luzelese: Premiê de Belmonte), officialy the President of the Council of Ministers of the United Republic of Belmonte (Luzelese: Presidente do Conselho de Ministros da República Unida de Belmonte) is the head of government of Belmonte.

The origins of the premiership trace back to the fall of the Durão regime amid the Belmontese Revolution in 1836. To secure long-term political stability for the nascent Third Republic, liberal and conservative politicians met in Riachuelo, the ensuing Riachuelo Pact agreeing to reduce presidential powers in favour of a parliamentary system with General Augusto Cintra becoming the first and longest holder of the office, being in power for 20 years. Initially under a primus inter pares system, the premiership would be rotated between liberals and conservatives during its first years until the agreement was broken in 1906, leading to political instability and short-lived governments for the next years.

After the National Renovation Coup and the 20-year dictatorship of João Berquó, the office would be abolished until Berquó's fall during the Great War. The establishment of the New Republic and the 1935 Constitution established a presidential-like premiership, which still is in use up to modern times.

The premier is appointed by the president after general elections or after the resignation or incapacitation of the former incumbent of the office, usually but not necessarily being the leader of the party with the biggest number of seats in the National Congress. It’s the responsibility of the premier to lead the country through the cabinet and enact his or her domestic and international agenda. Besides being a member of the cabinet, the premier is also a member of the State Council and the National Defence Council.

Given its importance in domestic and regional policies and decision-making, many specialists regard the Belmontese premiership as one of the most relevant and powerful roles in the Asterian continent.

Naming conventions

According to the Constitution, the premier's official title is President of the Council of Ministers (Luzelese: Presidente do Conselho de Ministros), often shortened to President of the Council at formal correspondence. However, the unofficial term Premier (Premiê) always has been more used in the entirety of its history, with other less used variations being prime minister, state minister or president of the government.

History

Origins

Development

Since 1935

Selection

Qualifications for office

Appointment

Role and powers

Amenities

Residence

Salary

List

Main article: List of premiers of Belmonte

Living former premiers

There are two living former Belmontese premiers:

See also

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