Themiclesian visa policy: Difference between revisions

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==Evolution==
==Evolution==
Visa policy has formed a major part of the Foreign Secretary's portfolio (also includes foreign policy and palace protocol) since the remote past, when visitors mostly consisted of diplomatic missions and merchant convoys; however, the number of visas issued for tourism, commercial, and educational purposes having sharply increased since the start of the 20th Century, thereby representing a significant factor in the demographic changes, it was recognized by statute that the Home Secretary, responsible for public administration, as well as border control, should also be given a voice in the process of granting visas.  Shifts in policy initiative over it show that the Home Office's influence has been growing since the 1900s, which is when visas were first issued to those who wished to settle in the country.  The function of a visa also altered during the first half of the 20th Century.  Before then, a visa was an enjoinment to domestic officials from expelling, detaining, or interrupting the visitor; this force weakened over time and no longer, by itself, absolutely guarantees entry into the nation and unrestricted passage in it.  Some early visas (mainly issued to ambassadors) additionally granted free food and shelter at courier stops along major highways and horses and coaches.
Under modern legislation, the issuance of (most) visas is overseen by the Bureau of Immigration (移民局), nominally under the Division of Consular Affairs (外務曹), which itself is part of the Foreign Office (尚書祠部).  In reality, most policy have been formed under advice from the Home Office (尚書民部), and particular its Division of Border Administration (國境管理曹).  The Foreign Office maintains its role mostly because Themiclesian ambassadors and consules retain the power to issue visas (as well as passports and safe-conducts) at their discretion.  This rarely becomes necessary, since most visitors apply to the Bureau of Immigration directly, save during emergencies or when applications cannot be transmitted over normal channels.  Such a recourse should be distinguished from when an embassy or consulate simply acts as a window through which visas are applied for and delivered, as here applications are still processed under conventional procedures.


==Types of visas==
==Types of visas==
===Emergency visa===
===Temporary resident===
These visas always bear a number beginning with '''EM-''' with a number of digits after it.  The precise format of this number is kept secret, and, from what is known about them, they are not in serial order.  Retired diplomatic personnel reveal that ambassadors and consules are given a list of visa numbers that they can grant when the need arises; if these are insufficient, they may contact another official with similar access, and more can be request via cable at any time.  Because this visa is usually hand-written in great haste, a valid number is often the only way that an authentic one is distinguished from a forgery.
 
This visa also grants the holder right to refuge at any Themiclesian public office, anywhere in the [[Septentrion]].  Most recently, it was given to IILeaks founder Bedford Hailden, who escaped possible assassination by taking refuge at a Themiclesian military garrison with the visa; the would-be assassins were then deterred by mild artillery fire.  The visa was given to him upon a private appeal, by a Themiclesian counsel sitting at a neighbouring table in a restaurant.
 
===Traveller visa===
*Eligibility: generally available
*Duration: 30, 90, and 180 days
*Issuance: available online, from Themiclesian diplomatic missions, and all international airports
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred)
*Cost: €2—


===Visitor visa===
===Permanent resident===
*Eligibility: family members of Themiclesian nationals or permanent residents
*Duration: 1 year
*Issuance: available online, from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred) and proof of relationship or letter of invitation
*Cost: €2—


==Naturalization==
Holders of Themiclesian visas are, by definition, foreigners, who having met certain requirements can become Themiclesian citizens by the process of naturalization, which in practice is often anticipated by holders of permanent residency visas but is a separate legal process.  As naturalization alters an individual's legal allegiance, only Parliament has the power to naturalize foreigners though an act of the body.  As it is accomplished through legislation, the power of naturalization is not restricted to those holding visas, though after 1936 the vast majority of naturalizations are presented as Government bills. 


===Transit visa===
Parliament's public bulletin No. 1134 (1977) states that there are three ways to request Parliament to naturalize a foreigner:
*Eligibility: generally available
*Government bill;
*Duration: 10 days
*Private member's bill; and
*Issuance: available online, from Themiclesian diplomatic missions, and all international airports
*Direct petition.
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred)
*Cost: free


===Student visa===
The process of naturalization by government bill is the normal way to obtain citizenship and is the expected result of permanent residency.  In this method, the permanent resident, having proven six months of continuous residence and meeting several other criteria, files an affidavit so stating to the County Magistracy where they reside.  The magistracy performs preliminary investigations about the truthfulness of the affidavit, and being satisfied, would then inform the Foreign Office about their intention to acquire Themiclesian citizenship.  The names of such permanent residents are presented in one Government bill to Parliament, and the bill is always passed near the end of a session as a Matter of Course.  Once the bill passes both houses, the permanent resident is considered a citizen the instant the bill receives Royal Assent.
*Eligibility: students admitted to a Themiclesian tertiary education institution
*Duration: 2—6 years, decided on a case-by-case basis
*Issuance: from the Foreign Office and Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), letter of acceptance from institution, proof of remission of tuitions of the first academic term next ensuing
*Cost: free


===Researcher visa===
The two other methods are more archaic and are intended as remedies to failures of the executive process.  The ''Naturalization of Aliens Act'' of 1915 required the Home Secretary to present the names of aliens in Themiclesia seeking naturalization to Parliament upon their request and gave permission to the Foreign Secretary to do the same for aliens who wished to immigrate to Themiclesia but were abroad.  If the immigrant is an individual of "great notoriety", their names were to be presented "without delay".  In practice this measure was never presented personally but by a junior member of the Government as a private member's bill, since these measures are a statutory obligation and not Government policy.  Such a bill is not passed as a matter of course, and it is rarely passed unless the Government specifically argues for it.
*Eligibility: researchers admitted to a Themiclesian research university or other accredited research organization
*Duration: decided on a case-by-case basis
*Issuance: from the Foreign Office and Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), letter of invitation from institution, offer or proof of residency, proof or waiver of financial security
*Cost: €5—


===Temporary working visa===
Should the alien be unable or unwilling to secure Government support, they are still able to request naturalization in Parliament directly.  The immigrant must print their brief to all Peers and Members of Parliament and secure the sponsorship of at least two Peers and two MPs.  There are filing fees amounting to $29,000, and a bond of $50,000 is posted (lost if bill is rejected).  Parliament's standing orders require the petitioner must be royalty or a "person of pre-eminent reputation and authority" (尹有崇聲), or otherwise demonstrate that significant errors over their visa application have been made by the executive power and are unremedied.  The last of the three criteria is in effect an appeal to correct and discipline the executive branch; when this last occurred in 1973, the responsible minister tendered resignation.
*Eligibility: employee of a Themiclesian individual, natural or corporate, under the term of a single year
*Duration: 1 year
*Issuance: available online and from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), notarized copy of contract specifying term of employment, offer or proof of residency, proof of financial security
*Cost: €5—


===Long-term working visa===
The clause permitting persons of "pre-eminent reputation and authority" to petition Parliament has attracted hundreds of petitioners each year, but only eleven petitions have ever been granted, and all to scientists seeking to teach or work in Themiclesia.  The general standard for "pre-eminent reputation and authority" is that lay persons in general recognize their authority in certain fields.  As the word "pre-eminent" also denotes the supremacy enjoyed by royalty, it is held to imply the applicant should be reputed as an dominant and supreme figure within their field of study or work as well as have such a reputation that carries far beyond it.
*Eligibility: employee of a Themiclesian individual, natural or corporate, over the term of a single year
*Duration: 3 years, renewable
*Issuance: available online and from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), notarized copy of contract specifying term of employment, offer or proof of residency, proof of financial security
*Cost: €5—


===Investor visa===
==List of nationalities with visa privilege==
*Eligibility: investors in Themiclesian ingenuity and industry
*Duration: 6 months
*Issuance: available online and from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), notarized statement of investment accounts demonstrating financial investment, or its equivalent through technical investment, exceeding €100,000—
*Cost: €5—
 
===Professor visa===
*Eligibility: professors invited to Themiclesia to give guest lectures
*Duration: 7 years
*Issuance: available online and from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), proof of invitation from a Themiclesian university, proof of residency, proof or voucher of financial security
*Cost: €5—
 
===Permanent residency===
*Eligibility: holders of any visa above, and spouse of a Themiclesian national, or issue (biological or adopted) to one, or parent, grandparent, great-grandparent, or great-great-grandparent to one, or sibling of one, or first, second, or third cousin to one
*Duration: perpetuity
*Issuance: available online and from Themiclesian diplomatic missions
*Documentation: valid travel document (passport preferred), proof of invitation from a Themiclesian university, proof of residency, proof or voucher of financial security
*Cost: €5—
 
===Courtesy visa===
*Eligibility: personal physician, advisor, secretary, governness, tutor, nurse, or intimate attendant to anyone part of an accredited diplomatic or consular mission to Themiclesia, or any one of their immediate family members
*Duration: in principle, valid until their principal is recalled
*Issuance: available from the Foreign Office
*Documentation: proof of relationship to principal and letter of request
*Cost: free
 
===Attache visa===
*Eligibility: personnel attached to accredited diplomatic or consular missions but not part of the missions themselves
*Duration: in principle, valid until their principal is recalled
*Issuance: available from the Foreign Office
*Documentation: letter of request from the government sending the mission
*Cost: free
 
===Event visa===
*Eligibility: foreign soldiers attending drills in Themiclesia
*Duration: varies
*Issuance: available from the Foreign Office
*Documentation: communications from the attending nation's foreign office or equivalent
*Cost: free
 
===Commerce visa===
*Eligibility: persons attending commercial functions in Themiclesia
*Duration: varies
*Issuance: available online, from Themiclesian diplomatic missions, and from the Foreign Office
*Documentation: communications from the attending nation's foreign office or equivalent
*Cost: free
 
==Visa-exempt and privileged states==
Through the frameworks of the [[WESCO|Grand Alliance]] and other international bodies, Themiclesia has granted visa-exempt status to nationals of 39 states, and, with few exceptions, citizens of most nations may apply for a travelling visa upon arrival.  Themiclesian law permits the designation of the visa to be modified after entry, according to the requirements of the visitor and upon presentation of the appropriate documents.  The visa exemption is only good for the initial application, and individuals are still required to report their addresses within two days of reaching their destinations in Themiclesia or five days otherwise, whichever be the shorter.  This process can take place over the Internet, telephone, telegram, or in person.
 
===Nationalities by visa privilege===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
Line 220: Line 129:
| Yugoslovenski || {{Yes|Exempt}} || Travelling, 90 days<br>Commercial, 6 months||   
| Yugoslovenski || {{Yes|Exempt}} || Travelling, 90 days<br>Commercial, 6 months||   
|}
|}
==See also==
*[[Themiclesia]]
[[Category:Themiclesia]]
[[Category:Themiclesia]]

Latest revision as of 16:51, 26 May 2022

Themiclesian visa policies govern the issuance of transit and residency permits ("visas") to aliens; these permits vary by effective period, privileges recognized, and individuals eligible for their issue. Generally, visas are granted on the basis of a valid travelling document, such as a passport, and as a rule aliens may not enter Themiclesia without a valid visa. Recently, it has been possible to acquire visas through a variety of channels and locations, most importantly consulates, airports, and over the Internet. Viewing visa policy as a means of population and border control, as well as an influence over demographics, permanent residency permits, refuge and sanctuary permits, as well as other extraordinary instruments that confer the right to enter Themiclesia as an alien are also within the scope of this article.

For acquisition of Themiclesian nationality, please see

Main article: Themiclesian nationality law

.

Evolution

Types of visas

Temporary resident

Permanent resident

Naturalization

Holders of Themiclesian visas are, by definition, foreigners, who having met certain requirements can become Themiclesian citizens by the process of naturalization, which in practice is often anticipated by holders of permanent residency visas but is a separate legal process. As naturalization alters an individual's legal allegiance, only Parliament has the power to naturalize foreigners though an act of the body. As it is accomplished through legislation, the power of naturalization is not restricted to those holding visas, though after 1936 the vast majority of naturalizations are presented as Government bills.

Parliament's public bulletin No. 1134 (1977) states that there are three ways to request Parliament to naturalize a foreigner:

  • Government bill;
  • Private member's bill; and
  • Direct petition.

The process of naturalization by government bill is the normal way to obtain citizenship and is the expected result of permanent residency. In this method, the permanent resident, having proven six months of continuous residence and meeting several other criteria, files an affidavit so stating to the County Magistracy where they reside. The magistracy performs preliminary investigations about the truthfulness of the affidavit, and being satisfied, would then inform the Foreign Office about their intention to acquire Themiclesian citizenship. The names of such permanent residents are presented in one Government bill to Parliament, and the bill is always passed near the end of a session as a Matter of Course. Once the bill passes both houses, the permanent resident is considered a citizen the instant the bill receives Royal Assent.

The two other methods are more archaic and are intended as remedies to failures of the executive process. The Naturalization of Aliens Act of 1915 required the Home Secretary to present the names of aliens in Themiclesia seeking naturalization to Parliament upon their request and gave permission to the Foreign Secretary to do the same for aliens who wished to immigrate to Themiclesia but were abroad. If the immigrant is an individual of "great notoriety", their names were to be presented "without delay". In practice this measure was never presented personally but by a junior member of the Government as a private member's bill, since these measures are a statutory obligation and not Government policy. Such a bill is not passed as a matter of course, and it is rarely passed unless the Government specifically argues for it.

Should the alien be unable or unwilling to secure Government support, they are still able to request naturalization in Parliament directly. The immigrant must print their brief to all Peers and Members of Parliament and secure the sponsorship of at least two Peers and two MPs. There are filing fees amounting to $29,000, and a bond of $50,000 is posted (lost if bill is rejected). Parliament's standing orders require the petitioner must be royalty or a "person of pre-eminent reputation and authority" (尹有崇聲), or otherwise demonstrate that significant errors over their visa application have been made by the executive power and are unremedied. The last of the three criteria is in effect an appeal to correct and discipline the executive branch; when this last occurred in 1973, the responsible minister tendered resignation.

The clause permitting persons of "pre-eminent reputation and authority" to petition Parliament has attracted hundreds of petitioners each year, but only eleven petitions have ever been granted, and all to scientists seeking to teach or work in Themiclesia. The general standard for "pre-eminent reputation and authority" is that lay persons in general recognize their authority in certain fields. As the word "pre-eminent" also denotes the supremacy enjoyed by royalty, it is held to imply the applicant should be reputed as an dominant and supreme figure within their field of study or work as well as have such a reputation that carries far beyond it.

List of nationalities with visa privilege

Nation Visa status Visa type
and duration		 Notes
Aenvelinck Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Allied Nations Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Andor Exempt Travelling, 90 days
A'olafa Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Artanor Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Aversgard Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Bataviae Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Beloslavia Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Chervakia Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Dayashina Exempt Travelling, 180 days
Commercial, 6 months
Visitor, 1 year
Dzhungestan No
Ehuktenni Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Eisenmaat Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Ephthesia Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Eriador Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Erquin Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Federation of Soviet R. Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Free Anchin Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Hanhae Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Visitor, 1 year
Heliokhora Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Hokotani Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Innominada, R. Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Innominada, DPR. Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Jedoria Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Khalistan Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Kouralia Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Lothlann Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Maldania Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Maverica Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 30 days
Commercial, 6 months
Menghe Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Professor, 2 years
Visitor, 1 year		 Prof. visa doc. pending
Minilov Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Commercial, 6 months
Mozria Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Naseristan Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Neo-Pillowlandia Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Nukkumaa Exempt Travelling, 180 days
Professor, 2 years
Commercial, 6 months		 Prof. visa doc. pending
Organized States Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Professor, 2 years
Commercial, 6 months		 Prof. visa doc. pending
Ostland Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Rajamaan Yhdysvallat Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Commercial, 6 months
Romavy Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Shijuku Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Sieuxerr Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Commercial, 6 months
Sundan Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 45 days
Sylva Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Tol Galen Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Commercial, 6 months
Tyran Exempt Travelling, 180 days
Professor, 4 years
Commercial, 6 months
Verpletterant Visa-on-arrival Travelling, 30 days
Neko/Inu, 6 months
Vyzhva No Refugee, indefinite
Wuestenfelsen No Refugee, indefinite
Yugoslovenski Exempt Travelling, 90 days
Commercial, 6 months

See also

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