Montsurian language: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
| name          = Montsurian
| nativename    = lèng solarè
| pronunciation = {{IPA|[ˈləɲ soːˈlaː.rˈə]}}
| states        = {{flag|Austeria}}
| region        = [[File:Montsuria flag.png|23px]] [[Montsuria]]
| ethnicity    = [[Montsurian people|Montsurians]]
| speakers      = ca. 3,770,990
| date          = 2020
| iso1          = mt
| iso2          = mts
| iso3          = mts
| familycolor  = Indo-European
| fam1          = {{wpl|Indo-European languages|Satrio-Euclean}}
| fam2          = {{wpl|Italic languages|Solaric}}
| fam3          = {{wpl|Romance languages|Modern Solaric}}
| fam4          = Montsurian
| script        = {{wpl|Latin alphabet|Solaric alphabet}}
| nation        = [[Galenia]]
| agency        = Academia d'e Lèng Montsurè (Montsurian Language Academy)
}}
'''Montsurian''' (<small>Montsurian:</small> ''lèng solarè'', <small>{{wp|Albanian language|Tethian}}:</small> ''malljug'' {{wp|Albanian language#phonology|[maˈɫug]}}) is a {{wpl|Romance languages|Modern Solaric}} language spoken officially in [[Austeria]], especially the of [[Montsuria]] regions. It is a recognized minority language in [[Etruria]], [[Emessa]], and [[Piraea]].
== Phonology ==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Montsurian consonant phonemes
|-
! width="22%" |
! colspan="2" width="13%" | {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}}
! colspan="2" width="13%" | {{wp|Dental consonant|Dental}}/<br>{{wp|Alveolar consonant|Alveolar}}
! colspan="2" width="13%" | {{wp|Palatal consonant|Palatal}}
! colspan="2" width="13%" | {{wp|Velar consonant|Velar}}
|-
! {{wp|Nasal consonant|Nasal}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Bilabial nasal|m}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Alveolar nasal|n}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Palatal nasal|ɲ}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |&nbsp; || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Velar nasal|ŋ}}
|-
! {{wp|Plosive consonant|Plosive}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless bilabial plosive|p}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced bilabial plosive|b}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless alveolar plosive|t}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced alveolar plosive|d}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless velar plosive|k}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced velar plosive|ɡ}}
|-
! {{wp|Affricate consonant|Affricate}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡s}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡z}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate|t͡ɕ}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate|d͡ʑ}}
| colspan="2" |
|-
! {{wp|Sibilant Fricative consonant|Sibilant Fricative}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |  || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless alveolar fricative|s}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced alveolar fricative|z}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative|ɕ}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative|ʑ}}
| colspan="2" |
|-
! {{wp|Non-sibilant Fricative consonant|Non-sib. Fricative}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless labiodental fricative|f}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced labiodental fricative|v}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |{{wp|Voiceless dental fricative|θ}} || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced dental fricative|ð}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! {{wp|Approximant consonant|Approximant}}
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" |&nbsp; || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Palatal approximant|j}}
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Voiced labial–velar approximant|w}}
|-
! {{wp|Lateral consonant|Lateral}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Alveolar lateral approximant|l}}
| style="border-right: 0;" |&nbsp; || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="2" |
|-
! {{wp|Trill consonant|Trill}}
| colspan="2" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |{{wp|Alveolar tap|r}}
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! {{wp|help:IPA|IPA}} !! Description !! Written as !! Estmerish approximation
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|m}} || {{wp|Bilabial nasal}} || m || '''m'''oon
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|n}} || {{wp|Alveolar nasal}} || n || '''n'''eat
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ɲ}} || {{wp|Palatal nasal}} || nh || ~o'''ni'''on
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ŋ}} || {{wp|Velar nasal}} || ng, nk || ga'''ng'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|p}} || {{wp|Voiceless bilabial plosive}} || p || s'''p'''irit
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|b}} || {{wp|Voiced bilabial plosive}} || b || '''b'''oat
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|t}} || {{wp|Voiceless alveolar plosive}} || t || s'''t'''ool
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|d}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolar plosive}} || d || '''d'''ense
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|k}} || {{wp|Voiceless velar plosive}} || c, ch, k || '''c'''ar
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ɡ}} || {{wp|Voiced velar plosive}} || g, gh || '''g'''oal
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|t͡s}} || {{wp|Voiceless alveolar affricate}} || c, tc || ca'''ts'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|d͡z}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolar affricate}} || dx || go'''ds'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|t͡ɕ}} || {{wp|Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate}} || ç || ~'''ch'''ew
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|d͡ʑ}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate}} || dxh || ~'''j'''ewel
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|f}} || {{wp|Voiceless labiodental fricative}} || f || '''f'''ur
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|v}} || {{wp|Voiced labiodental fricative}} || v || '''v'''ein
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|θ}} || {{wp|Voiceless dental fricative}} || z || '''th'''ick
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ð}} || {{wp|Voiced dental fricative}} || z || '''th'''at
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|s}} || {{wp|Voiceless alveolar fricative}} || s || '''s'''oup
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|z}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolar fricative}} || x || '''z'''ebra
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ɕ}} || {{wp|Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative}} || sh || {{wp|Serbo-Croatian phonology#Consonants|Novalian}} mi'''š''' će
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ʒ}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative}} || g, xh || {{wp|Serbo-Croatian phonology#Consonants|Novalian}} pu'''ž''' će
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ɾ}} || {{wp|Alveolar tap}} || r || {{wp|Italian phonology|Poveglian}} '''r'''iesco
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|l}} || {{wp|Alveolar lateral approximant}} || l || '''l'''oan
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|w}} || {{wp|Voiced labial–velar approximant}} || u, o || '''w'''ar
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|j}} || {{wp|Palatal approximant}} || i || '''y'''ogurt
|}
'''Notes:'''
===Vowels===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Vowel phonemes
|-
!
! {{wp|Front vowel|Front}} !! {{wp|Central vowel|Central}} !! {{wp|Back vowel|Back}}
|-
! {{wp|Close vowel|Close}}
| {{wp|i}} || || {{wp|u}}
|-
! {{wp|Close-mid vowel|Close-mid}}
| {{wp|e}} || || {{wp|o}}
|-
! {{wp|Middle vowel|Middle}}
| || {{wp|ə}} ||
|-
! {{wp|Open vowel|Open}}
| {{wp|a}} || || {{wp|ɒ}}
|}
== Vocabulary ==
== Vocabulary ==
===Greetings===
===Greetings===
{|
{|
|valign="top" width=20%|
|valign="top" width=20%|
*Hello - ''Çak''
*Hello - ''Çáo''
*Welcome - ''Mirvènut'', ''Bènvènut''
*Welcome - ''Mirvènut'', ''Bènvènut''
*Good morning - ''Mirdxhiè'', ''Bundxhie''
*Good morning - ''Mirdxhie'', ''Bundxhie''
*Good afternoon/evening - ''Mirbriem'', ''Bunbriem''  
*Good afternoon/evening - ''Mirbriem'', ''Bunbriem''  
*Good night- ''Mirènat'', ''Bunènat''  
*Good night- ''Mirènat'', ''Bunènat''  
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*Goodbye (informal) - ''Mirçin''
*Goodbye (informal) - ''Mirçin''
|valign="top" width=20%|
|valign="top" width=20%|
*How are you? (informal) - ''Kom sieni (tu)?''
*How are you? (informal) - ''Com sieni (tu)?''
*How are you? (formal) - ''Kom èshtes (vas)?''
*How are you? (formal) - ''Com èshtes (vas)?''
*What is your name? (informal) - ''Kom truiame (tu)?''  
*What is your name? (informal) - ''Com truiame (tu)?''  
*What is your name? (formal) - ''Kom èshtes (vas) nim?''
*What is your name? (formal) - ''Com èshtes (vas) nim?''
**My name is ... - ''Mir nim si...''
**My name is ... - ''Mir nim si...''
*Thank you (formal) - ''Iáo salut vas ènor''
*Thank you (formal) - ''Iáo salut vas ènor''
*Thank you (informal) - ''Salut vas''
*Thank you (informal) - ''Salut vas''
**You’re welcome - ''Pèlçim, Il pèlçim si mir''
**You’re welcome - ''Pèlçim, I pèlçim si mir''
|valign="top" width=20%|
|valign="top" width=20%|
*Yes - ''Po''
*Yes - ''Po''
*No - ''Njo''
*No - ''No''
*Who? - ''Kush?''
*Who? - ''Cush?''
*What? - ''Çè?''
*What? - ''Çè?''
*When? - ''Kund?''
*When? - ''Cund?''
*Where? - ''Und?''
*Where? - ''Und?''
*Why? - ''Pè kush?''
*Why? - ''Pè Cush?''
*How? - ''Kom?''
*How? - ''Com?''
*Which? - ''Káol?''
*Which? - ''Cáol?''
*How many? - ''Kènt sa?''
*How many? - ''Chènt sa?''
|}
|}
[[Category:Languages of Galenia]]

Latest revision as of 13:52, 13 November 2023

Montsurian
lèng solarè
Pronunciation[ˈləɲ soːˈlaː.rˈə]
Native to Austeria
RegionMontsuria flag.png Montsuria
EthnicityMontsurians
Native speakers
ca. 3,770,990 (2020)
Solaric alphabet
Official status
Official language in
Galenia
Regulated byAcademia d'e Lèng Montsurè (Montsurian Language Academy)
Language codes
ISO 639-1mt
ISO 639-2mts
ISO 639-3mts

Montsurian (Montsurian: lèng solarè, Tethian: malljug [maˈɫug]) is a Modern Solaric language spoken officially in Austeria, especially the of Montsuria regions. It is a recognized minority language in Etruria, Emessa, and Piraea.

Phonology

Consonants

Montsurian consonant phonemes
Labial Dental/
Alveolar 		Palatal Velar
Nasal m n ɲ   ŋ
Plosive p b t d k ɡ
Affricate t͡s d͡z t͡ɕ d͡ʑ
Sibilant Fricative s z ɕ ʑ
Non-sib. Fricative f v θ ð
Approximant   j w
Lateral l  
Trill r
IPA Description Written as Estmerish approximation
m Bilabial nasal m moon
n Alveolar nasal n neat
ɲ Palatal nasal nh ~onion
ŋ Velar nasal ng, nk gang
p Voiceless bilabial plosive p spirit
b Voiced bilabial plosive b boat
t Voiceless alveolar plosive t stool
d Voiced alveolar plosive d dense
k Voiceless velar plosive c, ch, k car
ɡ Voiced velar plosive g, gh goal
t͡s Voiceless alveolar affricate c, tc cats
d͡z Voiced alveolar affricate dx gods
t͡ɕ Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate ç ~chew
d͡ʑ Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate dxh ~jewel
f Voiceless labiodental fricative f fur
v Voiced labiodental fricative v vein
θ Voiceless dental fricative z thick
ð Voiced dental fricative z that
s Voiceless alveolar fricative s soup
z Voiced alveolar fricative x zebra
ɕ Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative sh Novalian miš će
ʒ Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative g, xh Novalian puž će
ɾ Alveolar tap r Poveglian riesco
l Alveolar lateral approximant l loan
w Voiced labial–velar approximant u, o war
j Palatal approximant i yogurt

Notes:

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
Front Central Back
Close i u
Close-mid e o
Middle ə
Open a ɒ

Vocabulary

Greetings

  • Hello - Çáo
  • Welcome - Mirvènut, Bènvènut
  • Good morning - Mirdxhie, Bundxhie
  • Good afternoon/evening - Mirbriem, Bunbriem
  • Good night- Mirènat, Bunènat
  • Goodbye (formal) - Adéox
  • Goodbye (informal) - Mirçin
  • How are you? (informal) - Com sieni (tu)?
  • How are you? (formal) - Com èshtes (vas)?
  • What is your name? (informal) - Com truiame (tu)?
  • What is your name? (formal) - Com èshtes (vas) nim?
    • My name is ... - Mir nim si...
  • Thank you (formal) - Iáo salut vas ènor
  • Thank you (informal) - Salut vas
    • You’re welcome - Pèlçim, I pèlçim si mir
  • Yes - Po
  • No - No
  • Who? - Cush?
  • What? - Çè?
  • When? - Cund?
  • Where? - Und?
  • Why? - Pè Cush?
  • How? - Com?
  • Which? - Cáol?
  • How many? - Chènt sa?
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