Maaita of Freice: Difference between revisions

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DateFormat = yyyy
DateFormat = yyyy
Period    = from:1860 till:$today
Period    = from:1873 till:$today
TimeAxis  = orientation:horizontal
TimeAxis  = orientation:horizontal
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ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1873
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ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:5 start:1873


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Colors =
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   id:tuaa value:rgb(1,0.65,0) legend:Tuaa
  id:sangkum value:rgb(1,0.65,0) legend:Sangkum
   id:mataasat value:rgb(0.08,0.24,0.49)  legend:Mataasat
   id:none  value:rgb(0.87,0.87,0.87)  legend:None_(Independent)
   id:teeakaala value:rgb(0.86,0.08,0.24) legend:Teeakaala
  id:psr value:rgb(0.08,0.24,0.49)  legend:Social_Republican_Party
  id:military  value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57)  legend:None_(Military)
   id:funk value:rgb(0.86,0.08,0.24) legend:National_United_Front_of_Kampuchea
  id:cpk  value:rgb(0.9,0.10,0.10)  legend:Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea
  id:cpp  value:rgb(0.12,0.56,1)  legend:Kampuchean_People's_Revolutionary_Party→Cambodian_People's_Party
    
    
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Legend = columns:2 left:200 top:80 columnwidth:230
Line 294: Line 289:
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   pos:(20,85) textcolor:black fontsize:M
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   text:"Share:"


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   bar:TuaaSavou
   bar:Sisowath
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   bar:NorodomSihanouk
   bar:KisarapTuaa
   bar:NorodomSuramarit
   bar:LeiseiniMataasat
   bar:ChuopHell
   bar:LaaisaniTeeakaala
   bar:SisowathMonireth
   bar:PenimiseKisarap
   bar:SisowathKossamak
   bar:JalimatekiLeiseini
   bar:ChengHeng
   bar:MereneretaLaaisani
   bar:LonNol
   bar:EjekiMerenereta
   bar:SaukamKhoy
   bar:RataavunaPenimise
   bar:SakSutsakhan
   bar:SaleeviJalimateki
   bar:KhieuSamphan
   bar:SaamaimeEjeki
   bar:HengSamrin
   bar:TenkelRataavuna
   bar:CheaSim
   bar:TeveeSaleevi
   bar:NorodomSihamoni
   bar:NejoioneSaamaime
  bar:KaanaTenkel


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   width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till


   bar:Norodom
   bar:TuaaSavou
   from: 1860 till: 1904 color:king text:"[[Norodom of Cambodia|Norodom]]"
   from: 1873 till: 1883 color:tuaa
  bar:Sisowath
   from: 1903 till: 1904 color:tuaa text:"Tuaa Savou"
   from: 1904 till: 1927 color:king text:"[[Sisowath of Cambodia|Sisowath]]"
   bar:MataasatTailaavu
   bar:SisowathMonivong
   from: 1883 till: 1893 color:mataasat text:"Mataasat Tailaavu"
   from: 1927 till: 1941 color:king text:"[[Sisowath Monivong]]"
   bar:TeeakaalaNeeiet
   bar:NorodomSihanouk
   from: 1893 till: 1903 color:teeakaala text:"Teeakaala Neeiet"
  from: 1941 till: 1955 color:king
   bar:KisarapTuaa
  from: 1960 till: 1970 color:sangkum
   from: 1904 till: 1913 color:tuaa text:"Kisarap Tuaa"
  from: 1975 till: 1976 color:funk
   bar:LeiseiniMataasat
  from: 1993 till: 1993 color:none
   from: 1913 till: 1923 color:mataasat
   from: 1993 till: 2004 color:king text:"[[Norodom Sihanouk]]"
   from: 1943 till: 1945 color:mataasat text:"Leiseini Mataasat"
   bar:NorodomSuramarit
   bar:LaaisaniTeeakaala
   from: 1955 till: 1960 color:king text:"[[Norodom Suramarit]]"
   from: 1923 till: 1933 color:teeakaala text:"Laaisani Teeakaala"
   bar:ChuopHell
   bar:PenimiseKisarap
   from: 1960 till: 1960 color:sangkum
   from: 1933 till: 1943 color:tuaa text:"Penimise Kisarap"
   from: 1960 till: 1960 color:sangkum text:"[[Chuop Hell]]"
   bar:JalimatekiLeiseini
   bar:SisowathMonireth
   from: 1945 till: 1953 color:mataasat text:"Jalimateki Leiseini"
   from: 1960 till: 1960 color:sangkum text:"[[Sisowath Monireth]]"
   bar:MereneretaLaaisani
   bar:SisowathKossamak
   from: 1953 till: 1960 color:teeakaala text:"Merenereta Laaisani"
   from: 1960 till: 1970 color:king text:"[[Sisowath Kossamak]]"
   bar:EjekiMerenereta
   bar:ChengHeng
   from: 1960 till: 1963 color:teeakaala text:"Ejeki Merenereta"
   from: 1970 till: 1972 color:none text:"[[Cheng Heng]]"
 
   bar:LonNol
 
   from: 1970 till: 1972 color:psr text:"[[Lon Nol]]"
 
   bar:SaukamKhoy
 
   from: 1975 till: 1975 color:psr text:"[[Saukam Khoy]]"
 
  bar:SakSutsakhan
 
  from: 1975 till: 1975 color:military text:"[[Sak Sutsakhan]]"
 
  bar:KhieuSamphan
 
  from: 1976 till: 1979 color:cpk text:"[[Khieu Samphan]]"
  bar:HengSamrin
  from: 1979 till: 1992 color:cpp text:"[[Heng Samrin]]"
  bar:CheaSim
  from: 1992 till: 1993 color:cpp text:"[[Chea Sim]]"
  bar:NorodomSihamoni
  from: 2004 till: $today color:king text:"[[Norodom Sihamoni]]"


}}
}}

Revision as of 15:43, 17 December 2023

Maaita of the Country of Freice
National Emblem of Freice.png
National emblem of Freice
Flag of Freice.png
Flag of Freice
Kána Talakel in 2022.jpeg
Incumbent
Kaana Tenkel
since 30 January 2023
Joint hereditary officeholders
  • Tuaa share:
  • Mataasat share:
    • Illaapa Tevee (16.65%)
    • Aanara Alivi (16.65%)
  • Teeakaala share:
    • Nejoione Saamaime (11.325%)
    • Soni Tasoni(8.325%)
    • Suiwaata Araanavilu (7.325%)
    • Liaasa Seweerigila (5.325%)
  • Last updated 20 January 2023
StyleNaale Taama (male)
Naale Faafime (female)
AppointerRepresentative Council
Term lengthAt the Council's pleasure
Inaugural holderTuaa Kaalalek
Formation1873
SuccessionHereditary

Maaita (lit. 'He who Leads'; /mɑːiːtə/)[a] is the title of the head of state of the Country of Freice, an island country in the Kaldaz Sea. The title was first written into the 1917 constitution, enacted under the supervision of Riamo, although the position had been in existence since 1872. In the Common Language, the title is sometimes translated as "Leader" or "Ruler" and, more rarely, as "President" or "King".

The position was created by agreement of the three main chiefs of the island: Tuaa Savou, Mataasat Tailaavu, and Teeakaala Neeiet. Under the agreement, first codified in 1917, the office is hereditary and is held in gross by the chiefs and their lawful descendants. Formally, the office is held by all legal claimants (currently seven), but is exercised by a single claimant for a period of time agreed by all.

The current Maaita, since 30 January 2023, is Kaana Tenkel, who succeeded as the sole claimant to the Tuaa share.

Description

Role and responsibilities

The Maaita is designated Freice's head of state and maintains a role similar to that of a constitutional monarch. Under the constitution, the Maaita is responsible for the following:

  • Preside over meetings of the Representative Council.
  • Issuing an ordinance appointing the President of the Representative Council.
  • Issuing the ordinance appointing committees
  • Promulgating laws (countersigned by the president of the Council).
  • Countersigning the ratification of treaties in the Council.

Although Maaitas had historically played a significant role in politics, modern Maaitas fulfill a more ceremonial position. Under the new constitution, the Maaita's executive powers are subject to approval in the Council, and the once unrestricted veto power is now limited to an ordinance which can be overruled by a majority of councillors.

Since 2009, the Maaita's role as presiding officer is undertaken by the President of the Representative Council, who is formally the deputy speaker.

Succession

The position is hereditary and possession is held by the inheritors of the three shares initially granted to the three chiefs. Each share constitutes a third of the whole office, with each inheritor possessing a proportion of their share. Under the constitution, holders of the office may designate one or more of their family to inherit their share, and may divide their share as they see fit. Where there are multiple holders of a share, they are required to nominate one of their number to be a "deputy of the share" and to hold the office in their name.

Under the constitution, the office is rotated amongst each share every ten years. If an incumbent dies during their term, their designated successor to their share takes on the post, rather than the position transferring to another share. If they are a nominated deputy, holders of that share nominate a new deputy to complete the term.

Officially, the Maaita is appointed by the Representative Council, but this is a formality which the council is constitutionally required to do. Women face no barrier to succession, beyond the personal prejudices of the Maaita, and there have been a number of female incumbents, who rule with the title of "Maavine" ('She who Leads')

Status

Under the Constitution of Freice, sovereignty is explicitly vested in the people. The head of state is not defined as being of republican or monarchical nature, and various constitutional mechanisms and procedures frustrate an easy categorisation. The position is formally hereditary, but the incumbent is de jure appointed by the Representative Council and serves at its pleasure. The Maaita is also denied many of the customary privileges of monarchy, including a royal style and an enthronement or coronation.

A number of Kaldaist scholars and writers have characterised the position as more akin to an aristocratic system of government, with the various joint-holders of the office compared to feudal hereditary lords.

Claimants to a share are entitled to use the title Atee ("Chief") for men and Amatee ("Dame") for women. Heirs of a claimant may claim the courtesy title of "[Share] Mula" (e.g., Mevarau Kaana, Tuaa Mula). The Maaita/Maavine is styled Naale Taama/Naale Faafime (lit. "Great Man/Woman"; translated as "Lord/Lady"), which is used in conjunction with their existing title as claimant. The current Maaita is formally styled as follows:

Freician: Naale Taama Atee Kaana Tenkel Feese Maaita
Common: Lord Chief Kaana Tenkel, Maaita of Freice

The consort of a Maaita is styled the same as a Maavine regnant. The husband of a Maavine regnant is jure uxoris Maaita and is styled as such.

Former Maaita's/Maavine's regnant retain the style of Naale Taama/Faafime with the title Maaita/Maavine Taumau ("Maaita/Maavine emeritus").

Maaitas and Maavines of Freice

# Name
(Birth–Death)
Portrait Reign start Reign end Share Notes
1 Tuaa Savou
(1841-1904)
30 January 1873 30 January 1883 Tuaa First Maaita
2 Mataasat Tailaavu
(1842-1908)
30 January 1883 30 January 1893 Mataasat
3 Teeakaala Neeiet
(1851-1916)
30 January 1893 30 January 1903 Teeakaala
4 Tuaa Savou
(1841-1904)
30 January 1903 4 March 1904 Tuaa Died in 1904
5 Kisarap Tuaa
(1864-1929)
4 March 1904 30 January 1913 Served the remainder of the Tuaa term
6 Leiseini Mataasat
(1872-1945)
30 January 1913 30 January 1923 Mataasat
7 Laaisani Teeakaala
(1871-1938)
30 January 1923 30 January 1933 Teeakaala
8 Penimise Kisarap
(1884-1951)
30 January 1933 30 January 1943 Tuaa
9 Leiseini Mataasat
(1872-1945)
30 January 1943 9 January 1945 Mataasat
10 Jalimateki Leiseini
(1895-1962)
9 January 1945 30 January 1953
11 Merenereta Laaisani
(1890-1960)
30 January 1953 18 August 1960 Teeakaala
10 Ejeki Merenereta
(1916-1985)
18 August 1960 30 January 1963
11 Rataavuna Penimise
(1904-1975)
30 January 1963 30 January 1973 Tuaa
11 Saleevi Jalimateki
(1914-1988)
30 January 1973 30 January 1983 Mataasat
12 Saamaime Ejeki
(1937-2009)
30 January 1983 30 January 1993 Teeakaala Succeeded his father on the latter's abdication of inheritance rights
13 Tenkel Rataavuna
(1929-1978)
30 January 1993 30 January 2003 Tuaa
14 Tevee Saleevi
(1937-2019)
30 January 2003 30 January 2013 Mataasat
15 Nejoione Saamaime
(b.1959)
30 January 2013 30 January 2023 Teeakaala
16 Kaana Tenkel
(b.1967)
30 January 2023 Incumbent Tuaa

Timeline

See also

Notes

  1. When female Maavine (lit. 'She who leads'; /mɑːviːnə/)