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{{Infobox officeholder
{{WIP}}{{Infobox flag
|honorific-prefix  = {{wp|His Excellency}}
| Name = Surrow
|name        = Jan Swiech<br>{{small|Ян Свієч}}
| Article =  
|image        = Martin_Raguž.jpg
| Image = File:Surrow_Flag.png
|imagesize    = 250px
| Noborder =  
|caption      = Jan Swiech, 2014
| Nickname =  
|office      = [[Presidency of Lemovicia|President of Lemovicia]]
| Morenicks =  
|term_start  = 1 April, 2000
| Use = 111000
|term_end    = 1 April, 2004
| Symbol = <!-- |Use="6-digit FIAV usage code" is required. -->
|president  =  
| Proportion = 5:8
|premier = [[Fabian Duch]]
| Adoption = 1916
|predecessor = [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]]<br>[[Izydor Domzalski]]<br>[[Gizon Artalolea]]<br>[[Igor Janusz]]
| Design = A centred white [[Tyrnican cross]] on a Rythenean green field with the {{wp|Big Dipper}} on the canton
|successor = [[Hargin Saez]]<br>[[Fabian Duch]]<br>[[Eolo Larretche]]<br>[[Weronika Mlynarska]]
|alongside = [[Igor Janusz]], [[Hargin Saez]], and [[Eolo Larretche]]
|office1 = [[Presidency of Lemovicia|President of Lemovicia]]
|term_start1 = 1 April, 1992
|term_end1 = 1 April, 1996
|predecessor1 = ''position established''
|alongside1 = [[Izydor Domzalski]], [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]], and [[Gizon Artalolea]]
|successor1 = [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]]<br>[[Izydor Domzalski]]<br>[[Gizon Artalolea]]<br>[[Igor Janusz]]
|premier1 = [[Fabian Duch]]
|office2 = 3rd [[Premier of Lemovicia]]
|president2 = [[Bolesław Buchalski]]<br>[[Aizo Mallo]]<br>[[Wojsław Mita]]<br>[[Nartziso Joanlucea]]<br>[[Helios Ayrupe]]<br>[[Ivon Mendarte]]<br>[[Fabian Duch]]
|term_start2 = 1 April, 2008
|term_end2 = 1 April, 2016
|predecessor2 = [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]]
|deputy2 = [[Eolo Larretche]]
|successor2 = [[Sergiusz Galecki]]
|birthname    = Jan Swiech
|birth_date  = {{birth date and age|1958|3|2|df=y}}
|birth_place  = [[Włocłamyśl|Vyuchamyshy]], [[Narozalica]] (present-day [[Włocłamyśl]], [[Lemovicia]])
|death_date  =
|death_place  =
|alma_mater  =
|nationality  = [[Narozalica|Narozalican]] (1959-1979)<br>[[Lemovicia|Lemovician]] (1979-)
|profession  = {{wp|Politician}}
|party        = [[Socialist Party (Lemovicia)|Socialists]]
|otherparty  =  
|religion    = [[Episemialist Church|Episemialism]]
|spouse      = TBD
|children    = TBD
| signature =
<!--Military service-->
| nickname          =
| allegiance        = [[Liberal Democratic Party (Lemovicia)|Lemovician opposition]]
| branch            =
| serviceyears      = 1980-1992
| rank              = {{wp|General}}
| unit              =
| commands          =
| battles            = [[Battle of Loiola (1980)|First Battle of Loiola]]<br>[[Battle of Loiola (1982)|Fourth Battle of Loiola]]<br>[[Battle of Bailara (1985)|Second Battle of Bailara]]<br>[[Siege of the Amabizca Pocket]]<br>[[Battle of Otermin]]<br>[[Battle of the Baitxi Pass (1991)|second battle of the Baitxi Pass]]
| awards            =
| military_blank1    =
| military_data1    =
| military_blank2    =
| military_data2    =
| military_blank3    =
| military_data3    =
| military_blank4    =
| military_data4    =
| military_blank5    =
| military_data5    =
}}
}}
'''Jan Swiech''' ({{wp|Basque language|Lemovcian}}: Ян Свієч, ''Jan Svijech'', b. 2 March, 1958) is an activist, a former guerrilla fighter, a [[Lemovicia|Lemovician]] politician, who served in the [[Presidency of Lemovicia|Lemovician Presidency]] from 1992 to 1996, and 2000 to 2004, and served as the third [[Premier of Lemovicia|Premier]], who currently is the only one to have come from the [[Socialist Party (Lemovicia)|Socialists]].


Born in [[Włocłamyśl]] in 1958, Jan Swiech was...
The '''flag of [[Surrow]]''' is the {{wp|national flag}} of Surrow. Designed in 1891 by [[Ervin Suchet]], it was adopted in 1916 after Surrow gained full {{wp|self-government}} from [[Rythene]] by the [[Parliament of Surrow|Surrowese Parliament]] the previous year over the [[#Red ensign|red ensign]] previously used until 1916, or [[Joerg Angstroem]]'s [[#Surrowese Tricolor|tricolor]], and retained its status as Surrow's flag after its independence from Rythene in 1950.


(TBC)
==Design==
The flag is comprised of a centred white [[Tyrnican cross]] on a Rythenean green field, with the {{wp|Big Dipper}} on the canton.


==Early life==
When the flag was designed by [[Ervin Suchet]] in 1891, the flag was made similar to the [[Flag of Rythene|Rythenean flag]] of that time, with Suchet declaring in a pamphlet which saw the flag be distributed that the green was to "symbolise our islands' indisputable Rythenean heritage," white "for the purity of the souls who inhabit this far northern land," the cross representing both "the [[Perendism#Symbols|Sword of Perende]] spreading civilisation" to the [[Native Surrowese]] and Surrow's "indisputable Rythenean heritage," and the Big Dipper "representing our land being the closest to the {{wp|North Pole}}." Suchet did not include any red in the flag design as he claimed that "no Surrowese blood has ever been spilled in any war."
Jan Swiech was born in [[Włocłamyśl|Vyuchamyshy]] (present-day [[Włocłamyśl]], [[Zelaia Province|Zelaia]]) on 2 March, 1958 to Metody Swiech and Jolanta Swiech, as the eldest of two sons, with his younger brother, [[Józefa Swiech]] born in 1961.


Jan Swiech was an excellent student in school, and following his graduation in 1976, he moved to [[Sechia]] to further his studies at the [[University of Sechia]]. At the University of Sechia, he was introduced to left-wing politics, and soon became a critic of [[Vilem Gardos]]' rule over [[Narozalica]]. In October 1979, he was charged with {{wp|sedition}} for his political activities against the Narozalic government, but because of the [[Sostava War]] and the subsequent [[Lemovician War of Independence]], Swiech never was tried or imprisoned for his activities by the Narozalic government.
However, per the [[Constitution of Surrow]], the green is meant to symbolise Surrow's {{wp|krummholz|tuckamore}} forests that cover much of [[Holcot Island]], the white is meant to symbolise the long winters that Surrow experiences, the cross is meant to symbolise Surrow's democratic traditions, and the Big Dipper is meant to represent Surrow's geographic position as the northernmost nation of [[Maurceania Major]].


However, with the rise of the [[National Syndicalist Union of Lemovicia|National Syndicalists]] to power, and the institution of the [[Constitution of Lemovicia, 1979|Lemovician constitution]] which disenfranchised ethnic {{wp|Polish people|Miersans}}, Swiech became sympathetic to the idea of Miersan separatism from the rest of [[Lemovicia]], and began advocating for these ideas, alongside [[Izydor Domzalski]], with Swiech being sympathetic to the creation of a {{wp|social democracy|social democratic state}} in Northern Lemovicia.
==Historic flags==
===Red ensign===
[[File:Surrowese_red_ensign.png|250px|thumb|left|Red ensign]]
The first Surrowese flag was adopted in 1859, when the Rythenean government granted the Colony of Surrow the right to have its own {{wp|civil ensign}} to be used by Surrowese civilian boats. The Surrowese red ensign is comprised of the Rythenean {{wp|red ensign}}, with the Rythenean flag in the canton, and the [[Coat of arms of Surrow|colonial seal]], comprised of the shield of the [[Coat of arms of Surrow|Surrowese coat of arms]] surrounded by the text "Colony of the Surrow Islands" on a white disk in the fly half.


==Military leader==
The red ensign became associated with the Surrowese colonial government, and in 1866, the red ensign was declared by the Surrowese colonial government to be its {{wp|state ensign}}, allowing ships owned by the Surrowese government to use the red ensign. From the 1870s onward, the Surrowese red ensign was increasingly used on land by both the colonial government and by Surrowese civilians, and in 1886, the colonial government officially adopted the Surrowese red ensign as its official flag, "to be used in all circumstances where a local flag is deemed neccessary," although the Rythenean flag remained a co-official flag of Surrow. By the 1890s, the Surrowese red ensign became the only flag regularly flown at government buildings, with the Rythenean flag being consigned to military bases or at [[Government House, Holcot Inlet|Government Inlet]].  
In March 1980, as the [[Lemovicia|Lemovician state]] suppressed protests across the country demanding an end to the {{wp|Falangism|national syndicalist regime}} and the resignation of [[Saroi Garnica]], Swiech became certain that the only way Miersans would ever be equal with the Lemovician "would be for the Miersans to gain their independence and to run their own state."


Thus, on 22 March, 1980, [[Izydor Domzalski]] and Swiech declared the establishment of the [[Miersan Entity|Miersan Republic of Lemovicia]]. Domzalski became the first leader, while Jan Swiech became one of Domzalski's generals. Swiech was quickly deployed to [[Loiola]], where he was defeated in the [[Battle of Loiola (1980)|first battle of Loiola]]. Despite this setback, Jan Swiech managed to [[Battle of Loiola (1982)|retake Loiola]] in August 1982 from government forces, which helped boost his position.
However, the Surrowese red ensign faced competition from both Suchet's flag and the Surrowese tricolor, leading to the Surrowese red ensign declining in popularity until it was replaced in 1916 with Suchet's flag design. The red ensign remained in use as a civil ensign until 1950, but by then, the red ensign has fallen into "virtually complete disuse" in favor of the Surrowese national flag.


In 1985, he helped orchestrate the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Lemovicia)|opposition offensive]] in the [[Battle of Bailara (1985)|second Battle of Bailara]], while participating in the [[Siege of the Amabizca Pocket]] following the fall of [[Bailara]], which helped temporarily secure control of the Amabizca Pocket for the separatist forces.
===Surrowese Tricolor===
[[File:Surrowese_Tricolour.png|250px|thumb|right|Surrowese Tricolor]]
In 1887, [[Joerg Angstroem]] designed a green-white-blue {{wp|tricolor}} for the [[Fishermen's Protective Union (Surrow)|Fishermen's Protective Union]] as a party flag. According to Angstroem, green was meant to represent the Rythenean population, white was meant to represent Surrow's long winters, and blue was meant to represent the Tyrnican population, with Angstroem seeing the [[#Red ensign|red ensign]] used by the Surrowese government at the time as being "too Rythenean to be accepted by a sizable portion of the Surrowese population."


In 1988, Swiech helped lead the Miersan defence against government forces, helping the coalition secure a victory at the [[Battle of Otermin]], although he suffered a shrapnel wound, which put him out of action until the following year. In 1991, he led the [[Battle of the Baitxi Pass (1991)|second battle of the Baitxi Pass]], which ended in defeat for the separatist-opposition coalition.
Angstroem's flag became popular, with the flag being extensively promoted by the Fishermen's Protective Union throughout the late 1880s and early 1890s. By the mid-1890s, the Surrowese Tricolor became a popular flag, especially among Surrow's Tyrnican population. However, its rise in popularity among the Surrowese Tyrnican population led to a decline in the flag's popularity among Surrow's Rythenean population, especially in the context of the then-ongoing [[Surrowese language question]], with ethnic Rytheneans trending towards flying the red ensign, or towards Suchet's flag. This led to the Fishermen's Protective Union changing its flag in 1896 from the tricolor to a blue banner with a white fish.


The following year, with the end of the [[Lemovician Civil War]], as the Miersan forces were disbanded, Swiech was discharged. He joined the newly-established [[Socialist Party (Lemovicia)|Socialists]], who nominated him to be part of their presidential list.
With the outbreak of the [[First Great War (Levilion)|First Great War]] in 1908, the colonial government banned the Surrowese tricolor as the colonial government feared that the flag could be used by "traitors who seek to bring Surrow back under the Tyrnican yoke." Although the flag was relegalized in 1913 after Tyrnica negotiated a separate peace with the Coalition, high levels of anti-Tyrnicanism at the time meant that the Surrowese Tricolor was not adopted by the Surrowese government in 1916, and the flag largely fell into disuse until the mid-1940s, when the [[Independence League (Surrow)|Independence League]] adopted the flag and used it to promote Surrowese independence, with leader [[Todd Lester]] proposing that the flag be adopted as the flag of an "independent Surrow."


==Political career==
However, [[Ted Fisher]]'s decision to keep the current Surrowese flag led to the Surrowese Tricolor falling back into disuse. The Surrowese Tricolor would only see a revival in the mid-1980s, with [[Deacon Parker]]'s administration encouraging its use as a "secondary Surrowese flag," with a particular focus on touristic areas. Since then, the Surrowese Tricolor has become more popular, particularly in and around [[Holcot Inlet]] and [[Tern Harbour]].
===Presidency===
On 1 November, 1992, Jan Swiech was sworn in alongside [[Izydor Domzalski]], [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]], and [[Gizon Artalolea]] as the first members of the [[Presidency of Lemovicia|Lemovician Presidency]].


After Otxote Sasimabarrena completed his first tenure as Chairman of the Presidency in 1994, Jan Swiech became Chairman of the Presidency on 1 April, 1994. During his tenure as chairman of the Presidency, he built upon Sasiambarrena's efforts to build ties with the [[Euclean Community]], and sought to advocate for the creation of a "safety net" for the poor and disadvantaged. On 1 April, 1995, he was succeeded by Gizon Artalolea as Chairman of the Presidency.
==Gallery==
Below are a list of flags used by the Surrowese government in the modern day.


In 1996, while he was on the Socialist list, as they did not gain enough votes, Jan Swiech was not elected to the Lemovician President. During this period, Jan Swiech continued his involvement in the [[Socialist Party (Lemovicia)|Socialist Party]], helping build up its capacity to run for the 2000 presidential elections.
<gallery>Surrow_Flag.png|National flag
 
Surrow_presidential_standard.png|Presidential standard
In 2000, Jan Swiech returned for a second term to the Presidency, after having run a vigorous campaign. He was sworn in alongside [[Igor Janusz]], [[Hargin Saez]], and [[Eolo Larretche]]. After the completion of Saez's first term as Chairman of the Presidency, Swiech assumed the role of Chairman of the Presidency for a second time on 1 April, 2002. During his second term as Chairman of the Presidency, Jan Swiech advocated for Lemovicia to join the [[Association of South Euclean States]] as a "stepping stone" towards future EC membership, and continued improving ties with its neighbours and the Euclean Community. On 1 April, 2003, he was succeeded as Chairman of the Presidency by Larretche.
Surrow_military_flag.png|Military flag
 
Surrow_constabulary_flag.png|Constabulary flag</gallery>
===Legislator===
In the [[Elections in Lemovicia#2004|2004 elections]], as he had reached the maximum term limit for being part of the [[Presidency of Lemovicia|Lemovician Presidency]] under the [[Constitution of Lemovicia, 1992|1992 constitution]], Jan Swiech was nominated to run for a seat to represent the constituency of Włocłamyśl alongside the other socialists.
 
During his election campaign, Swiech pledged that he would bring "tremendous prosperity" to the city of [[Włocłamyśl]], and that a "[[Socialist Party (Lemovicia)|Socialist]] government" would help give the [[Administrative divisions of Lemovicia#Entites|constituent entities]] "the tools needed to be prosperous." This helped ensure his election to one of the seats representing Włocłamyśl.
 
Thus, on 1 April, 2004, he was sworn into the [[National Assembly of Lemovicia|National Assembly]]. During his tenure as a legislator, his stature within the Socialist Party grew, especially after he was named parliamentary leader of the Socialist Party in 2005. With the economic crisis hitting Lemovicia hard, Swiech advocated for greater regulations and for the creation of a {{wp|welfare state}} so that the crisis would not hit the poor as hard as they did. He advocated for a recovery which would "benefit the people" and not just the "richest of the rich."
 
By the [[Elections in Lemovicia#2008|2008 elections]], he polled ahead incumbent [[Premier of Lemovicia|Premier]] [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]], and Swiech waged an extensive campaign pledging to help the economy recover in a way that would benefit "all people in [[Lemovicia]], not just the rich." His rhetoric helped secure his victory, and after negotiations with the [[Miersan People's Union (Lemovicia)|Miersan People's Union]], [[Lemovician Section of the Workers' International]], and [[Aurrera (Lemovicia)|Aurrera]], he was able to form a grand coalition.
 
===Premier===
On 1 April, 2008, Jan Swiech was sworn in as the third [[Premier of Lemovicia]], succeeding [[Otxote Sasiambarrena]], making him both the youngest Premier in Lemovician history, and the first Premier to not come from the [[Liberal Democratic Party (Lemovicia)|Liberal Democrats]] in Lemovician history. After naming his cabinet, including [[Eolo Larretche]] as his Deputy, Jan Swiech began to focus on economic recovery.
 
During his first term, Jan Swiech instituted (TBC).

Latest revision as of 04:59, 16 December 2024

Surrow
Surrow Flag.png
UseNational flag
Proportion5:8
Adopted1916
DesignA centred white Tyrnican cross on a Rythenean green field with the Big Dipper on the canton

The flag of Surrow is the national flag of Surrow. Designed in 1891 by Ervin Suchet, it was adopted in 1916 after Surrow gained full self-government from Rythene by the Surrowese Parliament the previous year over the red ensign previously used until 1916, or Joerg Angstroem's tricolor, and retained its status as Surrow's flag after its independence from Rythene in 1950.

Design

The flag is comprised of a centred white Tyrnican cross on a Rythenean green field, with the Big Dipper on the canton.

When the flag was designed by Ervin Suchet in 1891, the flag was made similar to the Rythenean flag of that time, with Suchet declaring in a pamphlet which saw the flag be distributed that the green was to "symbolise our islands' indisputable Rythenean heritage," white "for the purity of the souls who inhabit this far northern land," the cross representing both "the Sword of Perende spreading civilisation" to the Native Surrowese and Surrow's "indisputable Rythenean heritage," and the Big Dipper "representing our land being the closest to the North Pole." Suchet did not include any red in the flag design as he claimed that "no Surrowese blood has ever been spilled in any war."

However, per the Constitution of Surrow, the green is meant to symbolise Surrow's tuckamore forests that cover much of Holcot Island, the white is meant to symbolise the long winters that Surrow experiences, the cross is meant to symbolise Surrow's democratic traditions, and the Big Dipper is meant to represent Surrow's geographic position as the northernmost nation of Maurceania Major.

Historic flags

Red ensign

Red ensign

The first Surrowese flag was adopted in 1859, when the Rythenean government granted the Colony of Surrow the right to have its own civil ensign to be used by Surrowese civilian boats. The Surrowese red ensign is comprised of the Rythenean red ensign, with the Rythenean flag in the canton, and the colonial seal, comprised of the shield of the Surrowese coat of arms surrounded by the text "Colony of the Surrow Islands" on a white disk in the fly half.

The red ensign became associated with the Surrowese colonial government, and in 1866, the red ensign was declared by the Surrowese colonial government to be its state ensign, allowing ships owned by the Surrowese government to use the red ensign. From the 1870s onward, the Surrowese red ensign was increasingly used on land by both the colonial government and by Surrowese civilians, and in 1886, the colonial government officially adopted the Surrowese red ensign as its official flag, "to be used in all circumstances where a local flag is deemed neccessary," although the Rythenean flag remained a co-official flag of Surrow. By the 1890s, the Surrowese red ensign became the only flag regularly flown at government buildings, with the Rythenean flag being consigned to military bases or at Government Inlet.

However, the Surrowese red ensign faced competition from both Suchet's flag and the Surrowese tricolor, leading to the Surrowese red ensign declining in popularity until it was replaced in 1916 with Suchet's flag design. The red ensign remained in use as a civil ensign until 1950, but by then, the red ensign has fallen into "virtually complete disuse" in favor of the Surrowese national flag.

Surrowese Tricolor

Surrowese Tricolor

In 1887, Joerg Angstroem designed a green-white-blue tricolor for the Fishermen's Protective Union as a party flag. According to Angstroem, green was meant to represent the Rythenean population, white was meant to represent Surrow's long winters, and blue was meant to represent the Tyrnican population, with Angstroem seeing the red ensign used by the Surrowese government at the time as being "too Rythenean to be accepted by a sizable portion of the Surrowese population."

Angstroem's flag became popular, with the flag being extensively promoted by the Fishermen's Protective Union throughout the late 1880s and early 1890s. By the mid-1890s, the Surrowese Tricolor became a popular flag, especially among Surrow's Tyrnican population. However, its rise in popularity among the Surrowese Tyrnican population led to a decline in the flag's popularity among Surrow's Rythenean population, especially in the context of the then-ongoing Surrowese language question, with ethnic Rytheneans trending towards flying the red ensign, or towards Suchet's flag. This led to the Fishermen's Protective Union changing its flag in 1896 from the tricolor to a blue banner with a white fish.

With the outbreak of the First Great War in 1908, the colonial government banned the Surrowese tricolor as the colonial government feared that the flag could be used by "traitors who seek to bring Surrow back under the Tyrnican yoke." Although the flag was relegalized in 1913 after Tyrnica negotiated a separate peace with the Coalition, high levels of anti-Tyrnicanism at the time meant that the Surrowese Tricolor was not adopted by the Surrowese government in 1916, and the flag largely fell into disuse until the mid-1940s, when the Independence League adopted the flag and used it to promote Surrowese independence, with leader Todd Lester proposing that the flag be adopted as the flag of an "independent Surrow."

However, Ted Fisher's decision to keep the current Surrowese flag led to the Surrowese Tricolor falling back into disuse. The Surrowese Tricolor would only see a revival in the mid-1980s, with Deacon Parker's administration encouraging its use as a "secondary Surrowese flag," with a particular focus on touristic areas. Since then, the Surrowese Tricolor has become more popular, particularly in and around Holcot Inlet and Tern Harbour.

Gallery

Below are a list of flags used by the Surrowese government in the modern day.