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The '''Parliament of Rajyaghar''', officially called and commonly referred to as the '''Shahee Sansad''', is the {{wp|federal}} and supreme {{wp|legislature}} of the [[Rajyaghar|Kingdom of Rajyaghar]]. A {{wp|unicameral}} legislature, the Shahee Sansad is made up of a mixture of elected and appointed individuals who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). As the head of all branches of the government, the [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Monarch]] has the exclusive power to summon, {{wp|prorogation|prorogue}} and {{wp|Dissolution of parliament|dissolve}} the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the [[Prime Minister of Rajyaghar|Prime Minister]].
The '''Parliament of Rajyaghar''', officially and commonly referred to as the '''Shahee Sansada''', is the {{wp|federal}} and supreme {{wp|bicameralism|bicameral}} {{wp|legislature}} of the [[Rajyaghar|Kingdom of Rajyaghar]]. The Shahee Sansad is comprised of 3 elements: the [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Crown]], the [[Council of States]] and the [[Rajyani House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]. The Shahee Sansad, and wider rajyani political system, is modelled off of the {{wp|Westminster System|Northabbey model}} in which the executive government finds its members from within the legislature. The Monarch has the exclusive power to summon, {{wp|prorogation|prorogue}} and {{wp|Dissolution of parliament|dissolve}} the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the [[Premier of Rajyaghar|Premier]].


The Shahee Sansad, and wider rajyani government, is modelled off of the {{wp|Westminster System|Northabbey model}} in which the executive government (the [[Central Union Government]]) finds its members from within the legislature (the Shahee Sansad). Whilst the Monarch is the one to appoint the Prime Minister, by convention, the [[Political Parties of Rajyaghar|political party]] or coalition that holds a majority of seats in the Shahee Sansad, will nominate its leader to be the Prime Minister and will choose from amongst itself members who will serve in the Central Union Government. Due to the government of the day being required to have the support of a majority in the Shahee Sansad, it is not unusual for their to be early elections if they lose this support.
The upper house, the [[Council of States]], consists of 250 members: 112 are the leaders of the registered Clans, 100 are appointed at the discretion of the Monarch, 30 are appointed from amongst the military and 8 are religious appointees. It's members, called Councillors, are appointed in different ways and serve for varying periods of time, dependent upon the method of their appointment. All members of the Council of States are required to be non-partisan and must resign any party membership before their appointment.


Of the 450 Members of Parliament, 260 are directly elected by the Rajyani electorate voting in single-member districts in a {{wp|first-past-the-post}} system. 78 MPs are appointed by the Monarch on the advice given by an independent advisory board and an additional 112 are appointed based on their positions as heads of the 112 registered [[Rajyaghar#Clans|Clans of Rajyaghar]]. Due to this makeup, Rajyaghar is often considered a [[southern democracy]] or {{wp|Democracy Index|flawed democracy}}.
The lower house, the [[Rajyani House of Representatives|House of Representatives]], consists of 500 members called {{wp|Member of Parliament|Members of Parliament}}. 400 of the members are elected using {{wp|first-past-the-post}} voting from {{wp|Single-member district|single-member electoral districts}} called constituencies. An additional 100 members are elected via the {{wp|party-list proportional representation}} system with parties requiring 3% of the national vote in order to win seats. This system has lead to the House consisting of multiple political parties, ranging from the larger [[Rajyani Rashtriya Party|Rajyani Rashtriya]] and [[Cooperative Party|Cooperative parties]] to the smaller [[Tarkhana National Party|TNP]] and [[Irfanic Coalition|IC]]. The government of the day must achieve the confidence of this House in order to gain and remain in power.


The Parliament meets at the [[Shahee Sansad#Sansad Bhavan|Sansad Bhavan]] in Government Hill, [[Kinadica]].
The House of Representatives has a maximum term of five years, although it can be dissolved early. The Council of States has fixed terms with the length of the term, and status as being renewable or not, dependent method of appointment they were appointed by. When the Shahee Sansad is dissolved, it is only the members of the House which lose their positions and must seek re-election. Councillors retain their positions with their terms suspended until the Shahee Sansad is reopened. Due to the composition of the Shahee Sansad, Rajyaghar is often considered a [[southern democracy]] or {{wp|Democracy Index|flawed democracy}}.
 
The two Houses meet in separate chambers of the [[Shahee Sansad#Sansad Bhavan|Sansad Bhavan]] on Government Hill in [[Kinadica]].


==History==
==History==
Line 89: Line 91:


==Composition==
==Composition==
===House of Representatives===


Sansad ke Sadasy is the official name given to members of the Shahee Sansad, abbreviated as SS and used as a suffix. Commonly, Sansad ke Sadasy are referred to via the {{wp|English language|estmerish}} translation of the name; {{wp|Member of Parliament}} <small>(abbrv. MP)</small>.
Sansad ke Sadasy is the official name given to members of the Shahee Sansad, abbreviated as SS and used as a suffix. Commonly, Sansad ke Sadasy are referred to via the {{wp|English language|estmerish}} translation of the name; {{wp|Member of Parliament}} <small>(abbrv. MP)</small>.


The Shahee Sansad is made up of 450 members which belong to one of three 'classes', all being called Members of Parliament.
The House of Representatives is made up of 500 members which belong to one of two 'classes', all being called Members of Parliament.
# Class 1 - {{wp|First-past-the-post voting|Directly elected}}, {{wp|Single-member district|single member}} {{wp|electoral district|constituency}} representatives (260)
* Class 1 - {{wp|First-past-the-post voting|Directly elected}}, {{wp|Single-member district|single member}} {{wp|electoral district|constituency}} representatives (400)
# Class 2 - [[Monarchy of Rajyaghar|Monarch]]-appointed individuals (78)
* Class 2 - Representatives elected via the {{wp|closed list|Closed}} {{wp|party-list proportional representation}} system (100)
# Class 3 - Registered [[Rajyaghar#Clans|clan leaders]] (112)
 
Class 1 members are directly elected by the electorate via a first-past-the-post voting system in electoral districts named constituencies. These constituencies are represented by only one class 1 Member of Parliament and the borders of the constituencies are drawn up by the Independent Boundary Commission (IBC), a non-partisan public body. Class 1 members are elected every 5 years, or earlier, at the general election and are not term limited.


Class 2 members are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Independent Royal Appointments Commission (IRAC), a non-partisan public body which also provides the Monarch wtih advice regarding the appointment of ambassadors, chief civil servants and other positions. Class 2 members are first appointed for a term of 12 years and can then be reappointed for additional, renewable 6 year terms. Class 2 members must retire at age 75.
Class 1 members are directly elected by the electorate via a first-past-the-post voting system in electoral districts named constituencies. These constituencies are represented by only one class 1 Member of Parliament and the borders of the constituencies are drawn up by the Independent Boundary Commission (IBC), a non-partisan public body. Class 2 members are also directly elected but via the closed party-list proportional system in which citizens elligble to vote cast a vote for a political party rather than an individual. As a result, at each federal general election, voters cast 2 votes; one for their consitituency representative and one for their preferred political party. Only parties which secure 3% of the national vote are allocated Class 2 seats. All members of the House are elected every 5 years, or earlier, at the general election and are not term limited.


Class 3 members are the leaders of registered clans with the [[Ministry of Clan and Local Affairs]] (MCLA). At present, there are 112 registered clans. If more clans are recognised by the MCLA, then the number of Class 3 members increases at the expense of Class 2 membership as when class 2 members conclude their term they will not be invited to return. Class 3 members serve for as long as they are leaders of their clans. Leadership of clans is an internal clan affair but their leadership process must be uniform and recorded by the MCLA.
====Speaker of the House====


Upon dissolution of Parliament, all 3 classes lose membership within the Shahee Sansad. However, upon its return, previous class 2 and class 3 members are automatically reinstated with their terms continuing on and not restarting. Due to the partisan nature of the Shahee Sansad, class 2 and 3 members will often align themselves with a political party in order to obtain key positions on parliamentary committees. Class 3 members will often join the political party to which most of their clan belong.
The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the House must have a Speaker and at least two Deputy Speakers to preside over sessions of the Parliament. As per the Constitution, the Speaker and Deputy Speakers, must be elected by a simple majority of members present and voting in the House. Other than being Members of Parliament, the Constitution does not set out any specific qualifications for being elected Speaker. However, the Standing Orders of the House dictate that the Speaker must resign their political party membership when they become Speaker in order to be independent and non-partisan. Due to the impartiality of the Speaker, there is an unwritten convention that political parties will not contest the election of the Speaker's constituency so as to allow them to run unopposed, if they are a Class 1 MP. Due to this convention, all Speakers have been Class 1 members.


===Speaker of the House===
The Speaker is both a member and presiding officer of the House of Representaatives and conducts regular business in the House. However, the Speaker does not vote except on those rare occasions when there is a tie at the end of a decision. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the senior Deputy Speaker shall become Acting Speaker of the Shahee Sansad and a new election for Speaker will take place. Speakers and Deputy Speakers can be removed by the House through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the House being required to vote in favour of removal. If no Deputy Speakers are available, the Monarch will appoint an acting-Speaker.
 
The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the Shahee Sansad must have a Speaker and at least two Deputy Speakers to preside over sessions of the Parliament. As per the Constitution, the Speaker and Deputy Speakers, must be elected by a simple majority of members present aand voting in the Parliament. Other than being Members of Parliament, the Constitution does not set out any specific qualifications for being elected Speaker. However, the Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad dictate that the Speaker and Deputy Speakers must be elected from class 1 members of parliament and that the Speaker must resign their political party membership when they become Speaker in order to be independent and non-partisan. Due to the impartiality of the Speaker, there is an unwritten convention that political parties will not contest the election of the Speaker's constituency so as to allow them to run unopposed.
 
The Speaker is both a member and presiding officer of the Shahee Sansad and conducts regular business in the Parliament. However, the Speaker does not vote except on those rare occasions when there is a tie at the end of a decision. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the senior Deputy Speaker shall become Acting Speaker of the Shahee Sansad and a new election for Speaker will take place. Speakers and Deputy Speakers can be removed by the Shahee Sansad through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the House being required to vote in favour of removal. If no Deputy Speakers are available, the Monarch will appoint an acting-Speaker.


In the 20th Shahee Sansad, Devki Modhwadia is the current Speaker. Mr. Modhwadia has served as Speaker since the opening of the 19th Shahee Sansad in September 2015.
In the 20th Shahee Sansad, Devki Modhwadia is the current Speaker. Mr. Modhwadia has served as Speaker since the opening of the 19th Shahee Sansad in September 2015.


===Parliamentary Leadership===
====House Leadership====


The parliamentary leadership of the Shahee Sansad can be split into functional leadership and party political leadership. The functional leadership consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speakers with the party political leadership consisting of the parliamentary leaders of the political parties. Each political party typically has the following parliamentary leadership:
The parliamentary leadership of the House of Representatives can be split into functional leadership and party political leadership. The functional leadership consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speakers with the party political leadership consisting of the parliamentary leaders of the political parties. Each political party typically has the following parliamentary leadership:


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The order of precedence within the Shahee Sansad is as follows:
The order of precedence within the House of Representatives is as follows:
# Speaker of the House
# Speaker of the House
# Deputy Speakers (x2)
# Deputy Speakers (x2)
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# Opposition Party Leaders (by parliamentary party size)
# Opposition Party Leaders (by parliamentary party size)
# Members of Parliament (by length of service)
# Members of Parliament (by length of service)
===Council of States===
Members of the Council of States are given the name of Councillors and, like the House of Representatives, are split into classes:
* Class 1 - Leaders of the registered Clans (112)
* Class 2 - Royal appointees (100)
* Class 3 - Military appointees (30)
* Class 4 - Religious appointees (8)
Class 1 members are the leaders of registered clans with the [[Ministry of Clan and Local Affairs]] (MCLA). At present, there are 112 registered clans. If more clans are recognised by the MCLA, then the number of Class 1 members increases at the expense of Class 2 membership as when class 2 members conclude their term they will not be invited to return. Class 1 members serve for as long as they are leaders of their clans. Leadership of clans is an internal clan affair but their leadership process must be uniform and recorded by the MCLA.
Class 2 members are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Independent Royal Appointments Commission (IRAC), a non-partisan public body which also provides the Monarch wtih advice regarding the appointment of ambassadors, chief civil servants and other positions. Class 2 members are first appointed for a term of 12 years and can then be reappointed for additional, renewable 6 year terms. Class 2 members cannot be reappointed after turning 75.
Class 3 members are members of the [[Armed Forces of Rajyaghar|armed forces]] and are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 10 members come from the navy, 10 from the army and 10 from the airforce. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Chiefs of the Army, Navy and Airforce all automatically take up one of these seats each with the remainder being assigned by the Joint Chiefs. Military appointees serve at the discretion of the Joint Chiefs.
Class 4 members are religious appointees appointed by the Monarch on the advice of varying bodies. 1 of the appointees is always the [[High Priest of Bishnupur]] who then advises the monarch on the appointment of four other tulyatan religious leaders. The three remaining appointees are appointed on the advice of the [[badi|Rajyani Badist Council]], [[Solarian Catholic Church|Council of Archbishops]] and the [[irfan|Irfanic Council or Rajyaghar]].
====Adyaksh====
The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the presiding officer of the Council of States is the {{wp|Crown Prince}} of Rajyaghar. In reality, the day to day duties of the Crown Prince are conducted by the ''Adyaksh'' <small>(transl. Chairman)</small> who is elected by a simple majority of members present and voting in the Council of States. The Constitution, whilst establishing the role of the Adyaksh, does not set any requirements or qualifications for the role other than those prescribed to Councillors as a whole. In accordance with the Standing Orders of the Council, the Adyaksh must come from amongst the Class 2 Councillors thus preventing any clan, military or religious preference. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the Crown Prince shall resume full presidium functions until the election of a new Adyaksh. The Council can remove an Adyaksh through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the Council being required to vote in favour of removal.
In the 20th Shahee Sansad, XX is the current Adyaksh. XX has served as Adyaksh since his election in the 18th Shahee Sansad in February 2012.


==Powers and Duties==
==Powers and Duties==
Line 164: Line 183:


==References==
==References==
<small>[[Shahee Sansad#Parliamentary Leadership|1]] = Caucus leader is often merged with Party Leader for political parties which are neither the Governing or Official Opposition parties.</small>
<small>[[Shahee Sansad#House Leadership|1]] = Caucus leader is often merged with Party Leader for political parties which are neither the Governing or Official Opposition parties.</small>


{{Rajyaghar}}
{{Rajyaghar}}

Latest revision as of 15:36, 1 April 2021

Template:Region icon Kylaris

Shahee Sansasd

शाही संसद
20th Shahee Sansad
ShaheeSansad.png
Type
Type
HousesCouncil of States
House of Representatives
History
FoundedOctober 17, 1946 (1946-10-17)
Preceded bySatria Etrurianan Colonial Administration
New session started
September 15, 2020 (2020-09-15)
Leadership
Krishan VII
since April 1984
Adyaksh
XX1
since February 2012
Speaker
Devki Modhwadia1
since September 2015
Madhava Thakur, RRP
since September 2010
Leader of the Opposition
Ekanath Nayak, CP
since January 2021
Structure
Seats750
Consisting of
250 Councillors and
500 Members of Parliament
CouncilofStatesComposition.svg
Council of States political groups
  Clan Leaders (112)
  Royal Appointees (100)
  Military Appointees (30)
  Religious Leaders (8)
20thShaheeSansad.svg
House of Representatives political groups
HM Government
  Rajyani Rashtriya Party (259)
HM Loyal Opposition
  Cooperative Party (89)
Other opposition
  Liberal Party (37)
  Irfanic Coalition (49)
  Tarkhana National Party (13)
  Independents (3)
Joint committees
See Joint Committees of the Shahee Sansad
Length of term
5 years, renewable
(House of Representatives)
Elections
Council of States voting system
Via appointment
House of Representatives voting system
First-past-the-post and party-list proportional representation
House of Representatives first election
October 1946
House of Representatives last election
September 2020
House of Representatives next election
September 2025
Motto
"Sadbhaav mein, Satyanishtha se"
Transl.: In Concord, With Integrity
Meeting place
New Delhi government block 03-2016 img3.jpg
The Sansad Bhavan, Government Hill, Kinadica
Constitution
Constitution of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar
Standing Orders of the Shahee Sansad
Footnotes
1 = Required to be independent by Standing Orders

The Parliament of Rajyaghar, officially and commonly referred to as the Shahee Sansada, is the federal and supreme bicameral legislature of the Kingdom of Rajyaghar. The Shahee Sansad is comprised of 3 elements: the Crown, the Council of States and the House of Representatives. The Shahee Sansad, and wider rajyani political system, is modelled off of the Northabbey model in which the executive government finds its members from within the legislature. The Monarch has the exclusive power to summon, prorogue and dissolve the Shahee Sansad but by convention this is only done following the Monarch taking advice from the Premier.

The upper house, the Council of States, consists of 250 members: 112 are the leaders of the registered Clans, 100 are appointed at the discretion of the Monarch, 30 are appointed from amongst the military and 8 are religious appointees. It's members, called Councillors, are appointed in different ways and serve for varying periods of time, dependent upon the method of their appointment. All members of the Council of States are required to be non-partisan and must resign any party membership before their appointment.

The lower house, the House of Representatives, consists of 500 members called Members of Parliament. 400 of the members are elected using first-past-the-post voting from single-member electoral districts called constituencies. An additional 100 members are elected via the party-list proportional representation system with parties requiring 3% of the national vote in order to win seats. This system has lead to the House consisting of multiple political parties, ranging from the larger Rajyani Rashtriya and Cooperative parties to the smaller TNP and IC. The government of the day must achieve the confidence of this House in order to gain and remain in power.

The House of Representatives has a maximum term of five years, although it can be dissolved early. The Council of States has fixed terms with the length of the term, and status as being renewable or not, dependent method of appointment they were appointed by. When the Shahee Sansad is dissolved, it is only the members of the House which lose their positions and must seek re-election. Councillors retain their positions with their terms suspended until the Shahee Sansad is reopened. Due to the composition of the Shahee Sansad, Rajyaghar is often considered a southern democracy or flawed democracy.

The two Houses meet in separate chambers of the Sansad Bhavan on Government Hill in Kinadica.

History

Parliamentary Complex

Layout of the Parliamentary Complex with the Sansad Bhavan (right) and Sangh Bhavan (left) shown.

Sansad Bhavan

Sangh Bhavan

Composition

House of Representatives

Sansad ke Sadasy is the official name given to members of the Shahee Sansad, abbreviated as SS and used as a suffix. Commonly, Sansad ke Sadasy are referred to via the estmerish translation of the name; Member of Parliament (abbrv. MP).

The House of Representatives is made up of 500 members which belong to one of two 'classes', all being called Members of Parliament.

Class 1 members are directly elected by the electorate via a first-past-the-post voting system in electoral districts named constituencies. These constituencies are represented by only one class 1 Member of Parliament and the borders of the constituencies are drawn up by the Independent Boundary Commission (IBC), a non-partisan public body. Class 2 members are also directly elected but via the closed party-list proportional system in which citizens elligble to vote cast a vote for a political party rather than an individual. As a result, at each federal general election, voters cast 2 votes; one for their consitituency representative and one for their preferred political party. Only parties which secure 3% of the national vote are allocated Class 2 seats. All members of the House are elected every 5 years, or earlier, at the general election and are not term limited.

Speaker of the House

The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the House must have a Speaker and at least two Deputy Speakers to preside over sessions of the Parliament. As per the Constitution, the Speaker and Deputy Speakers, must be elected by a simple majority of members present and voting in the House. Other than being Members of Parliament, the Constitution does not set out any specific qualifications for being elected Speaker. However, the Standing Orders of the House dictate that the Speaker must resign their political party membership when they become Speaker in order to be independent and non-partisan. Due to the impartiality of the Speaker, there is an unwritten convention that political parties will not contest the election of the Speaker's constituency so as to allow them to run unopposed, if they are a Class 1 MP. Due to this convention, all Speakers have been Class 1 members.

The Speaker is both a member and presiding officer of the House of Representaatives and conducts regular business in the House. However, the Speaker does not vote except on those rare occasions when there is a tie at the end of a decision. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the senior Deputy Speaker shall become Acting Speaker of the Shahee Sansad and a new election for Speaker will take place. Speakers and Deputy Speakers can be removed by the House through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the House being required to vote in favour of removal. If no Deputy Speakers are available, the Monarch will appoint an acting-Speaker.

In the 20th Shahee Sansad, Devki Modhwadia is the current Speaker. Mr. Modhwadia has served as Speaker since the opening of the 19th Shahee Sansad in September 2015.

House Leadership

The parliamentary leadership of the House of Representatives can be split into functional leadership and party political leadership. The functional leadership consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speakers with the party political leadership consisting of the parliamentary leaders of the political parties. Each political party typically has the following parliamentary leadership:

Party Political Leadership Position Position if in Government Position if in the official opposition
Party Leader Prime Minister Leader of the Opposition
Deputy Party Leader Senior Secretary of State Senior Shadow Secretary of State
Caucus Leader1 Leader of the House Shadow Leader of the House
Chief Whip Government Chief Whip Opposition Chief Whip

The order of precedence within the House of Representatives is as follows:

  1. Speaker of the House
  2. Deputy Speakers (x2)
  3. Premier of Rajyaghar
  4. Cabinet Ministers
  5. Opposition Party Leaders (by parliamentary party size)
  6. Members of Parliament (by length of service)

Council of States

Members of the Council of States are given the name of Councillors and, like the House of Representatives, are split into classes:

  • Class 1 - Leaders of the registered Clans (112)
  • Class 2 - Royal appointees (100)
  • Class 3 - Military appointees (30)
  • Class 4 - Religious appointees (8)

Class 1 members are the leaders of registered clans with the Ministry of Clan and Local Affairs (MCLA). At present, there are 112 registered clans. If more clans are recognised by the MCLA, then the number of Class 1 members increases at the expense of Class 2 membership as when class 2 members conclude their term they will not be invited to return. Class 1 members serve for as long as they are leaders of their clans. Leadership of clans is an internal clan affair but their leadership process must be uniform and recorded by the MCLA.

Class 2 members are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Independent Royal Appointments Commission (IRAC), a non-partisan public body which also provides the Monarch wtih advice regarding the appointment of ambassadors, chief civil servants and other positions. Class 2 members are first appointed for a term of 12 years and can then be reappointed for additional, renewable 6 year terms. Class 2 members cannot be reappointed after turning 75.

Class 3 members are members of the armed forces and are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 10 members come from the navy, 10 from the army and 10 from the airforce. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Chiefs of the Army, Navy and Airforce all automatically take up one of these seats each with the remainder being assigned by the Joint Chiefs. Military appointees serve at the discretion of the Joint Chiefs.

Class 4 members are religious appointees appointed by the Monarch on the advice of varying bodies. 1 of the appointees is always the High Priest of Bishnupur who then advises the monarch on the appointment of four other tulyatan religious leaders. The three remaining appointees are appointed on the advice of the Rajyani Badist Council, Council of Archbishops and the Irfanic Council or Rajyaghar.

Adyaksh

The Constitution of Rajyaghar dictates that the presiding officer of the Council of States is the Crown Prince of Rajyaghar. In reality, the day to day duties of the Crown Prince are conducted by the Adyaksh (transl. Chairman) who is elected by a simple majority of members present and voting in the Council of States. The Constitution, whilst establishing the role of the Adyaksh, does not set any requirements or qualifications for the role other than those prescribed to Councillors as a whole. In accordance with the Standing Orders of the Council, the Adyaksh must come from amongst the Class 2 Councillors thus preventing any clan, military or religious preference. In the event of resignation, death or removal, the Crown Prince shall resume full presidium functions until the election of a new Adyaksh. The Council can remove an Adyaksh through a vote of no confidence with 2/3rds of the Council being required to vote in favour of removal.

In the 20th Shahee Sansad, XX is the current Adyaksh. XX has served as Adyaksh since his election in the 18th Shahee Sansad in February 2012.

Powers and Duties

Legislative Function

Executive Function

Judicial Function

Sessions of Parliament

State Opening of the Shahee Sansad

Legislative Procedure

Privileges

References

1 = Caucus leader is often merged with Party Leader for political parties which are neither the Governing or Official Opposition parties.