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Nhai is the official language of [[Rhava]] and is a part of the [[wikipedia:Sino-Tibetan languages|Huang]] family tree. Nhai is separated into to writing scripts, ancient and standard. In modern day cities only standard is taught, but in rural areas ancient is taught. It's one of the indigenous languages spoken in [[Alharu]]. It's also the official working language of the nation [[Rhava]], and spoken in the majority of the country.  
Nhai is the official language of [[Rhava]] and is a part of the [[Huang]] family tree. Nhai is separated into to writing scripts, ancient and standard. In modern day cities only standard is taught, but in rural areas ancient is taught. It's one of the indigenous languages spoken in [[Alharu]]. It's also the official working language of the nation [[Rhava]], and spoken in the majority of the country.  


50,000 years ago Rhavanese seafarers, crossed the ocean as a nomadic peoples going from island to island. They spoke a language which is referred to as {{wp|Vietnamese|Ancestral Nhai}}. When they arrived where modern day Rhava is, they decided to stay permanently. These seafarers intermixed with the peoples already living on the eastern part of the island, adding the consonants of tl and ts. Rhavanese grew with these new sounds, creating a fully new language, with aspects of both cultures. Another evolution in the language happened later on, and it would be the last. This was when the [[Yellow Empire]] took over the north, and both cultures intermixed even more, bringing [[Huang]] aspects to Rhavanese.
50,000 years ago Rhavanese seafarers, crossed the ocean as a nomadic peoples going from island to island. They spoke a language which is referred to as {{wp|Vietnamese|Ancestral Nhai}}. When they arrived where modern day Rhava is, they decided to stay permanently. These seafarers intermixed with the peoples already living on the eastern part of the island, adding the consonants of tl and ts. Rhavanese grew with these new sounds, creating a fully new language, with aspects of both cultures. Another evolution in the language happened later on, and it would be the last. This was when the [[Yellow Empire]] took over the north, and both cultures intermixed even more, bringing [[Huang]] aspects to Rhavanese.

Revision as of 00:15, 7 October 2021

Nhai
Rhavanese, Rhavan Speak
Native toRhavanese Flag.png Rhava
EthnicityRhavanese
Native speakers
30,000,000
Huang
  • Eastern
    • Nhai
Standard forms
Northern (standard script)
Dialects
  • Northern
  • Central
  • Southern
  • Traditional
  • Formal
Official status
Official language in
Rhava
Language codes
ISO 639-3–

Nhai is the official language of Rhava and is a part of the Huang family tree. Nhai is separated into to writing scripts, ancient and standard. In modern day cities only standard is taught, but in rural areas ancient is taught. It's one of the indigenous languages spoken in Alharu. It's also the official working language of the nation Rhava, and spoken in the majority of the country.

50,000 years ago Rhavanese seafarers, crossed the ocean as a nomadic peoples going from island to island. They spoke a language which is referred to as Ancestral Nhai. When they arrived where modern day Rhava is, they decided to stay permanently. These seafarers intermixed with the peoples already living on the eastern part of the island, adding the consonants of tl and ts. Rhavanese grew with these new sounds, creating a fully new language, with aspects of both cultures. Another evolution in the language happened later on, and it would be the last. This was when the Yellow Empire took over the north, and both cultures intermixed even more, bringing Huang aspects to Rhavanese.

Writing System

Writing system

Nhai (Rhavanese) is written in the Anglo-Rhav Alphabet, which is a modified Latin alphabet used for Rhavanese languages.

Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Majuscule Ă Â E Ê I O Ô Ơ U Ư B C CH D Đ G GH H DIY/DY K KH L M N NH NG P PH TS Q R S SH T TR V X Y
Minuscule ă â e ê i o ô ơ u ư b c ch d đ g gh h diy/dy k kh l m n nh ng p ph ts q r s sh t tr v x y

Rhavanese Phonology

Consonants

Labial Dental/
Alveolar 		Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m [m] m [m] nh [ɲ] ng [ŋ]
Stop/
Affricate 		tenuis p ([p]) t [t] tr [ʈ] diy, dy [dʒ]
ch [tʃ] 		k [k] (oi ([ʔ])
aspirated th tʰ
ts
tl [tɬ]
glottalized b [ɓ] d [ɗ]
Fricative voiceless ph [f] [s] sh [ʂ] kh [x] h [h]
voiced [v]/y/ z [z] gh [ɣ]
Approximant l [l] y [j] qu [w]
Rhotic r [ɹ]
  - only found in the Northern Dialect
  - only found in the Southern Dialect

Vowels

Rhavanese, or Nhai has many different vowels. Though not labeled in the chart, there are also added long vowels such as; aa, and oo.

  Front Central Back
Centering ia/iê [iə̯] ưa/ươ [ɨə̯] ua/uô [uə̯]
Close i/y [i] ư [ɨ] u [u]
Close-mid/
Mid 		ê [e] ơ [əː]
â [ə] 		ô [o]
Open-mid/
Open 		e a [aː]
ă [a] 		o [ɔ]


Centering diphthongs are formed with only the three vowels; i, ư, u. They are usually spelled as ia, ưa, ua when they end a word and are spelled iê, ươ, uô, when they are followed by a consonant.

In addition to Nhai's many vowels, there are also diphthongs and triphthongs. The closing diphthongs and triphthongs consist of a main vowel component followed by a shorter semivowel wikipedia:offglide /j/ or /w/.

  /w/ offglide /j/ offglide
Centering iêu [iə̯w ươu [ɯə̯w ươi [ɯə̯j uôi [uə̯j
Close iu [iw] ưu [ɯw] ưi [ɯj] ui [uj]
Close-mid êu [ew] –
âu [ʌw] 		ơi [ɤj]
ây [ʌj] 		ôi [oj]
Open-mid eo [ɛw] oi [ɔj]
Open   ao [aw]
au [ɐw] 		ai [aj]
ay [ɐj] 		 

</ref> There are restrictions on the high offglides: /j/ cannot occur after a front vowel (i, ê, e) nucleus and /w/ cannot occur after a back vowel (u, ô, o) nucleus.[1]

  /w/ offglide /j/ offglide
Front Central Back
Centering iêu [iə̯w] ươu [ɨə̯w] ươi [ɨə̯j] uôi [uə̯j]
Close iu [iw] ưu [ɨw] ưi [ɨj] ui [uj]
Close-mid/
Mid 		êu [ew] –
âu[əw] 		ơi [əːj]
ây [əj] 		ôi [oj]
Open-mid/
Open 		eo [ɛw] ao [aːw]
au [aw] 		ai [aːj]
ay [aj] 		oi [ɔj]

Diaeresis (diacritic)

letter sound
ü oo-weeh
ë ooh-weh
ö er
ä ay

Rhavanese Phonetics

Name Description Diacritic Example
ngang   'level' mid level (no mark) ma  'ghost'
huyền   'deep' low falling (often breathy) ◌̀ (wikipedia:grave accent) mà  'but'
sắc   'sharp' high rising ◌́ (wikipedia:acute accent) má  'cheek, mother (southern)'
hỏi   'questioning' mid dipping-rising ◌̉ (wikipedia:hook above) mả  'tomb, grave'
ngã   'tumbling' creaky high breaking-rising ◌̃ (wikipedia:tilde) mã  'horse
nặng   'heavy' falling ◌̣ (dot below) mạ  'rice seedling'
Vēn   'continuation' straight tone (medium length) ◌̣ (straight line above) mā  'used before Tü to symbolize ownership of subject'


Personal Pronouns

Number Word Definition
Singular
1st Tü I, me
2nd Lạm you (older male)
2nd Lạn you (older female)
2nd Sōng you (younger male)
2nd Sāng you (younger female)
2nd Niẩ you (close friend)
3rd Lạm Vên he (older male)
3rd Lạn Vên she (older female)
3rd Sōng Vên he (younger male)
3rd Sāng Vên She (younger female)
3rd Họ They

[2]

Rhavanese Numerals

Cardinal numbers' table
Literary
Rhavanese
1 Mọt
2 Gấu
3 Săn
4 Sể
5 Qui
6 Cỏ
7 Cëm
8 Tún
9 Dyẽm
10 Dyiă
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

Language Examples

Basic greetings and phrases

Rhavanese Translation Notes
Greetings
Naam Châu! Hello! A formal way of saying hello
Châu! Hey/ whats up Less formal way of saying hello
Tôtl'rí Good Morning
Tôtl'yuè Good Night
Châm Welcome
Đăn Ý Lại Goodbye/see you again
Đẹp Đāng Hello and Welcome Very formal, directly translates to; beautiful opportunities
Tôtl Mầy Tôtl How are you?
Useful Expressions
Khonaar Thanks You can add a pronoun to the back
Lâu Tián Please
Lâu Sơi Lại Please Say it Again
Lâu Lập Lại Please repeat
Niẩ Tsưa Lă How old are you You can put any pronoun at the beginning
Lâu Tlāp Sorry
Lâu Tlāp, Mā Tü Nhãi Là Mầy Tôtl Sorry, My Rhavanese is not good
Xāyu Tsưa Lă What time is it
Tü Là Naghủtom I am hungry
Nási Là Hônghẳm Where is the bathroom?
Lâu Hāquâ-đâ Please stop
  1. ↑ The lack of diphthong consisting of a ơ + back offglide (i.e., [əːw]) is an apparent gap.
  2. ↑ you can add mā to any personal pronoun and it will change the meaning to have ownership
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