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{{main|Name of Josephinia}}
{{main|Name of Josephinia}}
[[File:Sophie_von_der_Pfalz_als_Indianerin.jpg|180px|thumb|left|[[Louise of Robindy|Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy]], the country's {{wp|namesake}} from 1704, painted with indigenous Elian dress by [[Claus Winterfeldt]] (circa 1698)]]
[[File:Sophie_von_der_Pfalz_als_Indianerin.jpg|180px|thumb|left|[[Louise of Robindy|Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy]], the country's {{wp|namesake}} from 1704, painted with indigenous Elian dress by [[Claus Winterfeldt]] (circa 1698)]]
The name of "Josephinia" is derived from the middle name of [[Louise of Robindy|Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy]], daughter of [[X]]. It was initially conceived as a gift to honor the royal princess for her 25th birthday in 1704, who had previously demonstrated a great personal interest in the indigenous cultures of the New World. It was eventually adopted by the [[Republic of Josephinia]] of 1884 when it declared its independence and ultimately remained.
The name ''Josephinia'' is derived from the middle name of [[Louise of Robindy|Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy]], daughter of [[X]]. It was initially conceived as a gift to honor the royal princess for her 25th birthday in 1704, who had previously demonstrated a great personal interest in the indigenous cultures of the New World. It was eventually adopted by the [[Republic of Josephinia]] of 1884 when it declared its independence and ultimately remained.


Before the name change, the colony itself was initially named [[Colony of Cisylvania|Cisylvania]] by Fallish colonial governor [[Edward Mary Dollingham]] of the [[United Wixdon Company]] in 1608, from the {{wp|Latin language|Hernician}} words for "on the same side as" (''cis-'') and the {{wp|accusative case}} of "forest" (''silva'', ''sylvam''; also meaning "woods"), literally meaning "on this side of the forest".
Before the name change, the colony itself was initially named [[Colony of Cisylvania|''Cisylvania'']] by Fallish colonial governor [[Edward Mary Dollingham]] of the [[United Wixdon Company]] in 1608, from the {{wp|Latin language|Hernician}} words for 'on the same side as' (''cis-'') and the {{wp|accusative case}} of 'forest' (''silva'', ''sylvam''; also meaning 'woods'), literally meaning 'on this side of the forest'.
 
The {{wp|Osage language|Ínts’o}} name for Josephinia comes from the phrase 𐓁𐒻, {{wp|romanization|hernicized}} as ''Ni'', 'red', and 𐓓𐓎𐓊𐒷, {{wp|romanization|hernicized}} as Žucʼe, meaning 'river' or 'creek'. Ínts’o Nation Chief [[Alexander Warren]] suggested the name in 1811 to the government of Josephinia for use, envisioning a renaming of the country in favor of the {{wp|anglicisation|fallisized}} ''[[Nizuca]]''; while initially contemplated, it was never officially implemented.


To refer to this country, the Josephinian government uses the terms ''Josephinia'', ''Commonwealth of Josephinia'', and ''Josephine Commonwealth''.
To refer to this country, the Josephinian government uses the terms ''Josephinia'', ''Commonwealth of Josephinia'', and ''Josephine Commonwealth''.
Line 148: Line 150:
The {{wp|judiciary}} is embodied in the [[Supreme Court of Josephinia|Supreme Court]], the nation's highest {{wp|court of appeal}} and comprised of 10 judges nominated by the President and approved by the National Parliament. It is the country's official {{wp|source of law}} and protector of the Constitution, enabled to {{wp|judicial review|overturn}} bills that it deems {{wp|constitutionality|unconstitutional}}. The political system is laid out by the frameworks of the supreme constitutional document last amended in 1977. Essential concepts of the system, such as the unitary structure, respect for {{wp|human rights}}, and the {{wp|rule of law}} are protected by a status of perpetual validity. {{wp|Direct democracy}} is supported through the availability of protests, referenda, a {{wp|multi-party system}} and accountancy of the government, and guaranteed {{wp|freedom of expression|freedoms of expression}}, {{wp|freedom of assembly|assembly}}, {{wp|secret ballot}}, and {{wp|universal suffrage}} beginning at age 18.
The {{wp|judiciary}} is embodied in the [[Supreme Court of Josephinia|Supreme Court]], the nation's highest {{wp|court of appeal}} and comprised of 10 judges nominated by the President and approved by the National Parliament. It is the country's official {{wp|source of law}} and protector of the Constitution, enabled to {{wp|judicial review|overturn}} bills that it deems {{wp|constitutionality|unconstitutional}}. The political system is laid out by the frameworks of the supreme constitutional document last amended in 1977. Essential concepts of the system, such as the unitary structure, respect for {{wp|human rights}}, and the {{wp|rule of law}} are protected by a status of perpetual validity. {{wp|Direct democracy}} is supported through the availability of protests, referenda, a {{wp|multi-party system}} and accountancy of the government, and guaranteed {{wp|freedom of expression|freedoms of expression}}, {{wp|freedom of assembly|assembly}}, {{wp|secret ballot}}, and {{wp|universal suffrage}} beginning at age 18.


In Josephinia's political history, the respective {{wp|catch-all party|catch-all parties}} of the {{wp|right-wing politics|right-wing}} [[National Party of Nadauro|National Party]] and the {{wp|left-wing politics|left-wing}} [[Labour Party of Nadauro|Labour Party]] as well as its predecessors have been the dominant parties, with almost every President to date having been a member of either. However, several {{wp|independent politician}}s and minor parties have achieved representation in the National Parliament: the [[Progressive Caucus (Teleon)|Progressive Caucus]] and the [[Josephinian Green Party|Josephinian Greens]] are the third and fourth largest party, respectively.
In Josephinia's political history, the respective {{wp|catch-all party|catch-all parties}} of the {{wp|right-wing politics|right-wing}} [[National Party of Nadauro|National Party]] and the {{wp|left-wing politics|left-wing}} [[Labour Party of Nadauro|Labour Party]] as well as its predecessors have been the dominant parties, with almost every President to date having been a member of either. However, several {{wp|independent politician}}s and minor parties have achieved representation in the National Parliament: the [[Progressive Caucus (Josephinia)|Progressive Caucus]] and the [[Josephinian Green Party|Josephinian Greens]] are the third and fourth largest party, respectively, and have on multiple occasions proven to be decisive when forming {{wp|coalition government}}s to avoid {{wp|minority government|minority}}.
===Foreign relations===
===Foreign relations===
===Military===
===Military===

Revision as of 15:22, 5 September 2024

Commonwealth of Josephinia
𐒿𐓂͘𐓄𐒰 𐓀𐒰͘𐓓𐒰͘ 𐓁𐒻 𐓓𐓎𐓊𐒷
Sopʼa Mąžą Ni Žucʼe (Ínts’o)
Flag
Flag
Coat of arms of Josephinia
Coat of arms
Motto: Ex Unitate Vires (Hernician)
"Unity is Strength"
Anthem: "Land of Old and Plenty" MediaPlayer.png
Location of Josephinia in Elia Borealis (dark green)
Location of Josephinia in Elia Borealis (dark green)
CapitalHaliburt
WMA button2b.png 49°06'N 70°30'E
Largest cityPort Royal
Official languagesFallish
Recognised regional languagesÍnts’o
Polhetan
Ethnic groups
54.6% Native
28.5% White
9.1% Mixed
2.0% Yinese
5.8% others
Religion
37.1% no religion
1.2% Tahir
4.5% others
Demonym(s)Josephinian
Josephine
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
Lloyd Gladstone
Trygve Kapal
Gwen Youngkin
LegislatureNational Parliament
Independence 
from Falland
15 June 1759
2 August 1776
27 October 1884
12 September 1889
5 January 1893
9 February 1977
Area
• Total
101,827 km2 (39,316 sq mi)
• Water (%)
3.3%
Population
• December 2023 estimate
6,395,096
• 2022 census
6,378,935 (14th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $320.1 billion (12th)
• Per capita
Increase $50,182
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• Total
Increase $231.4 billion (12th)
• Per capita
Increase $36,277
Gini (2023)Negative increase 24.4
low
HDI (2021)Increase 0.860
very high
CurrencyJosephinian guilder (Jƒ, JSG)
Time zoneUTC+4 (Eastern Elian Time, EET)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Driving sideleft
Calling code+76
Internet TLD.js

Josephinia, officially the Commonwealth of Josephinia (Ínts’o: 𐒿𐓂͘𐓄𐒰 𐓀𐒰͘𐓓𐒰͘ 𐓁𐒻 𐓓𐓎𐓊𐒷, hernicized: Sopʼa Mąžą Ni Žucʼe), is a sovereign state in Elia Borealis. It is bounded to the north by X, to the west and southwest by Kahneska, to the southeast by Siskiyou, and to the east by the Northern Alconian Ocean. Its capital is Haliburt while its largest city is Port Royal; other major population centers include Delamore, Gracebridge, Sequaneake, Providence, Fairview, Hamill, Pembroke, and Springfield. With a population of approximately 6.3 million, it is the fifth-most and least populous country in Elia Borealis, but its most densely populated. Josephinia spans 101,827 km2 (39,316 sq mi), making it the single-smallest country on the continent and among the smallest in the Elias.

Josephinia is located on the middle section of the Elian Alconian Plain, the foothill region of the Abaroskine Mountains which crosses the country diagonally from north-west to south-east; the adjacent Big Misty Mountains form the natural boundary to Kahneska. The centrally located Golden Valley is the country's breadbasket and the most fertile region. The densely populated coastal areas around Sequaneake Bay are largely shaped by drowned river valleys, low firths, and tidal marshes known as the Tidewash.

Various native Elian tribes have inhabited the territory of modern-day Josephinia for at least 11,000 years, including the Polhetan and the eastern Ama, and occasional Yinese expeditions throughout the 14th century pioneered Elian exploration. In 1515, Fallish discoverer Francis Edward Barpfylde became the first known Calesian to make landfall in the region. Subsequently, in 1608, the United Wixdon Company created the Colony of Cisylvania around the trading posts of Port Royal and Delamore as the second permanent Fallish colony in the New World after Fastings in X. Renamed in 1702, the inhabitants of now Josephinia fought for independence in the Elian Wars of Independence beginning in 1759 and became part of the Grand Federation in 1790.

Dissatisfied with Fallish authority in Calesia, religiously prosecuted Cowerers and other minorities flocked to Josephinia en masse in the late 18th century, nearly quadrupling the state's population within the span of 20 years. By 1800, the so-called Steaders had repeatedly violated the Proclaimed Demarcation Line of 1750 and began to settle and colonize the continent's interior from the eastern frontier; the native populations were, often times violently, displaced. Following an armed rebellion in the mid-1880s, the weakening Grand Federation recognized the approximately 90,000 Steaders' independence beyond the Big Misty Mountains through the 1889 Casper Convention. The Elian Civil War coincided with a final attempt by the Free States to seize back control over Josephinia, before such desires permanently ceased and the Grand Federation was dissolved.

Over the course of the 20th century, Josephinia was subject to an alternating series of civil and democratic governments and military juntas; the near century-long one-party rule of the National Party dominated Josephinian politics, gradually strengthening racial segregation to impose a herrenvolk democracy while rapidly industrializing the formerly protectionist agrarian economy. In 1920 and 1944, the military repeatedly seized control. Amidst mounting international sanctions by its continental neighbors, most notably by Kahneska, Josephinia's amended constitution formally abolished racially motivated hindrances for the native population in 1977 and initiated a process of societal democratization.

A developed country, Josephinia ranks highly in international measures of quality of life, human rights, and suppressed corruption, but still retains a significant economic inequality between the white and native populations. Nationally, legislative power is vested in the unicameral National Parliament, while executive power is exercised by the President heading the Government. Josephinia is a member state of the United Congress, Organization of Elian States, Fallish Community, Alconian Forum, and the X, and it enjoys particularly close relations with Falland and with the Free States.

Etymology

Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy, the country's namesake from 1704, painted with indigenous Elian dress by Claus Winterfeldt (circa 1698)

The name Josephinia is derived from the middle name of Princess Louise Josephine of Robindy, daughter of X. It was initially conceived as a gift to honor the royal princess for her 25th birthday in 1704, who had previously demonstrated a great personal interest in the indigenous cultures of the New World. It was eventually adopted by the Republic of Josephinia of 1884 when it declared its independence and ultimately remained.

Before the name change, the colony itself was initially named Cisylvania by Fallish colonial governor Edward Mary Dollingham of the United Wixdon Company in 1608, from the Hernician words for 'on the same side as' (cis-) and the accusative case of 'forest' (silva, sylvam; also meaning 'woods'), literally meaning 'on this side of the forest'.

The Ínts’o name for Josephinia comes from the phrase 𐓁𐒻, hernicized as Ni, 'red', and 𐓓𐓎𐓊𐒷, hernicized as Žucʼe, meaning 'river' or 'creek'. Ínts’o Nation Chief Alexander Warren suggested the name in 1811 to the government of Josephinia for use, envisioning a renaming of the country in favor of the fallisized Nizuca; while initially contemplated, it was never officially implemented.

To refer to this country, the Josephinian government uses the terms Josephinia, Commonwealth of Josephinia, and Josephine Commonwealth.

History

Prehistory

Denvsoqua period

Fallish colonization

Steader migration

Independence

Cobtemporary period

Geography

Overview map of Josephinia with major cities and physical features

Climate

Biodiversity

Government and politics

The House of Parliament in southern Haliburt is the historic meeting place of the National Parliament.
Fitzgerald Palace in central Haliburt is the official seat of the President of Josephinia and their national cabinet.

Josephinia is a unitary presidential representative democracy, as codified and set by its Constitution. Exercising the separation of powers, the country's political system is divided into the executive, legislative, and judicial branch, each controlled by a separate institution. Formally and de jure, the President is the head of the executive branch and, therefore, the head of state and head of government, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the most influential political instance in Josephinian politics. The President is responsible for appointing a cabinet of ministers and has the responsibility to sign and veto bills. The current President is Lloyd Gladstone since 2022.

The unicameral National Parliament is the unified legislature. It is directly elected using the mixed-member proportional representation and parallel voting systems with plurality vote in single-member districts. The National Parliament can make national law, issue a state of war and taxation, and approve of the national budget and the ministers nominated by the President. It has 149 voting members elected to an unlimited number of four-year terms; at least one third of the candidates presented by the parties must have native heritage.

The judiciary is embodied in the Supreme Court, the nation's highest court of appeal and comprised of 10 judges nominated by the President and approved by the National Parliament. It is the country's official source of law and protector of the Constitution, enabled to overturn bills that it deems unconstitutional. The political system is laid out by the frameworks of the supreme constitutional document last amended in 1977. Essential concepts of the system, such as the unitary structure, respect for human rights, and the rule of law are protected by a status of perpetual validity. Direct democracy is supported through the availability of protests, referenda, a multi-party system and accountancy of the government, and guaranteed freedoms of expression, assembly, secret ballot, and universal suffrage beginning at age 18.

In Josephinia's political history, the respective catch-all parties of the right-wing National Party and the left-wing Labour Party as well as its predecessors have been the dominant parties, with almost every President to date having been a member of either. However, several independent politicians and minor parties have achieved representation in the National Parliament: the Progressive Caucus and the Josephinian Greens are the third and fourth largest party, respectively, and have on multiple occasions proven to be decisive when forming coalition governments to avoid minority.

Foreign relations

Military

Law

Administrative divisions

Economy

Infrastructure

Agriculture

Mining

Tourism

Demographics

Languages

Religion

Education

Health

Cities and towns

Culture

Arts

Popular culture

Literature

Cuisine

Sports

Notes

See also

Template:Josephiniatopics