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| {{Region_icon_Ajax}} | | {{Region_icon_Ajax}} |
| {{Infobox Military Conflict | | {{Infobox royalty |
| |conflict = Sajal War | | | name = Itzamnaaj B'alam |
| |partof =
| | | image = Nangklao_portrait.jpg |
| | image = Common soldier.jpg | | | image_size = 220px |
| | caption = A common Mutulese soldier during the Sajal War | | | caption = Itzamnaaj B'alam as Regent |
| |date = 1828 - 1839 | | | succession = [[Mutul|Regent of the Mutul]] |
| |place = [[Mutul]] | | | moretext = |
| |result = Royalist Victory | | | reign = 1828 – 1846 |
| *Capitulation of the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]]
| | | reign-type = |
| *Reunification of the [[Mutul]]
| | | coronation = |
| *Beginning of the Itzamnaaj Reformation
| | | predecessor = None |
| |combatant1 = {{flag|Mutul|Royalists}} | | | cor-type = |
| |combatant2 = {{flag|Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale}} | | |successor = None |
| |commander1 = [[Itzamnaaj B’alam]] | | | spouse = {{marriage|[[Ilok'tab Dynasty|Ik'skull]]|14 May 1814}} |
| |commander2 = [[Bolon Chan Witz]] | | | spouse-type = [[Divine Monarchy of the Mutul|Spouse]] |
| |strength1 =
| | | issue = {{ubl| |
| |strength2 =
| | [[Ilok'tab Dynasty|B'alijaj Chan K'awiil II]] |
| |casualties1 =
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| |casualties2 =
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| }} | | }} |
| | | full name = |
| | | house = Achipop Lineage<br>[[Ilok'tab Dynasty]] |
| | | father = [[Uk'u'x kaaj]] |
| | | mother = [[Sak Yax T'e]] |
| | | birth_date = {{birth date|1788|7|7|df=y}} |
| | | birth_place = B'eletz'ak |
| | | death_date = {{Death date and age|1863|11|17|1788|7|7|df=y}} |
| | | death_place = Chak'ak Witz |
| | | place of burial = Three Smilodons Mausoleum, K'umakaj |
| | | religion = [[White Path]] |
| | |}} |
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| The '''Sajal War''', also known as the '''War of the Frightfuls''' or '''Terrifying War''', was a civil war that opposed the [[Ilok'tab Dynasty]] of the [[Mutul]] and their loyalists against the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]]. It lasted from 1828 with the murder of the Divine Queen [[Ilok'tab Dynasty#Ik.27skull|Ik'skull]] and the proclamation by the Sajal Holpop of the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]].
| | '''Itzamnaaj B'alam''' (born in 1788, died in 1863) was a [[Mutul|Mutulese]] noble of {{wp|Achi people|Achi}} origin from the prestigious Achipop lineage. He married [[Ilok'tab Dynasty|Lady Ik'skull]] in 1814, becoming King Consort after the death of Ik'skull littler brother [[Ilok'tab Dynasty|Wahlam B'alam VI]]. He fled the [[K'alak Muul]] with his son, [[Ilok'tab Dynasty|B'alijaj Chan K'awiil II]], in 1828 following the murder of his wife. He found refuge in {{wp|Q'umarkaj|K'umakaj}} where he crowned his son [[Divine Monarchy of the Mutul|K'uhul Ajaw]] and became his Regent before leading the war against the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]] during what is known as the [[Sajal War]]. After the civil war, he remained his son regent and became the {{wp|head of government}} of the [[Mutul]], leading a series of administrative and constitutional changes known as the [[Itzamnaaj Reforms]]. The '''Yax Tz’ibich Chaakal Chakun''', published in 1844, remain to this day the de-facto constitution of the [[Mutul|Divine Kingdom]]. At the height of his power, Itzamnaaj B'alam cumulated the positions of Regent, First K'awiil (''Prime Minister''), and of Commander-in-Chief of the [[Mutulese Army]]. |
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| ===Origins===
| | When his regency ended, he stepped down from all his political positions and spent the rest of his life in his residence of [[Chak'ak Witz]]. He would become the {{wp|Mayan priesthood|Aj k'in}} of the small town and continued to preside over certain religious rituals, regularly coming back to [[K'alak Muul]] to perform the Cult of the Ancestor with his son in the Royal Necropolis. Beyond his religious role, he also wrote a collection of poems and remained an avid patron of the arts. He died in 1863 and was buried in the Three Smilodons Mausoleums, in K'umakaj, the Mausoleum his son had built for his parents and where he would himself be buried 39 years later. |
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| Since the rule of [[Balijaj Chan K'awiil I]] in the early 18th century, the powers and authority of the [[Divine Monarchy of the Mutul|K'uhul Ajaw]] kept being limited by the ever more powerful merchant-aristocracy of the [[Mutul]]. Local and national assemblies became permanent legal institutions whom obtained a de-facto say on the Divine King's politics after much political troubles. The weakening of the [[Mutulese Ochran|Mutul's position in the West]] after the [[Tsurushima|Tsurushimese revolution]] of 1750 only exacerbated a conflict between a weakened monarchy and its nobility whom, inspired by both local and foreign thinkers, especially from [[Sante Reze]] developed a more {{wp|liberalism|liberal}} approach to both the economy and politics.
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| In 1819, the [[Second War for Kahei]] started, threatening some of the merchant-aristocracy's positions in Ochran. In 1820, [[Wahlam B'alam V]] died in [[K'umarkaj]] after a decade long semi-exile ordered by the Sajal Holpop, the Nobility's Assembly, who had taken over [[K'alak Muul]]. His young son, [[Wahlam B'alam VI]], was brought back to the capital to be crowned and ruled as a puppet king for the Sajal Holpop. The same year, he died of illness and was succeeded by his elder sister, Lady [[Ilok'tab Dynasty#Ik.27skull|Ik'skull]]. Ik'skull tried to restructure the [[Mutul|Divine Throne]] bureaucracy and to limit the powers of the assemblies like the Sajal Holpop. In 1828, a conspiracy of Mutuleses aristocrats managed to murder the Divine Queen and her body was pushed from the balcony of [[K'alak Muul|her palace]]. This trigger a series of events that led to her husband fleeing the capital with their son, the future [[Ilok'tab_Dynasty#Balijaj_Chan_K.27awiil|B'ailjaj Chan K'awiil II]], and the Sajal Holpop proclaiming the end of the [[Mutul]] and the creation of the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]].
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| ==Combattants==
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| ===Ilok'tab Loyalists===
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| [[File:Mutul Flag.png|250px|thumb|The current [[Flag of the Mutul]] was created by Monarchists militias during the civil war]]
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| After his escape from [[K'alak Muul]], [[Itzamnaaj B'alam]], king-consort of [[Ilok'tab Dynasty#Ik.27skull|Ik'skull]] gained [[K'umarkaj]], the traditional base of power of the [[Ilok'tab Dynasty]] and enthroned his son as [[Ilok'tab_Dynasty#Balijaj_Chan_K.27awiil|B'ailjaj Chan K'awiil II]] while he himself took the position of Regent. He amassed around him an inner circle of friends, family members, and clients, and built from there his resistance to the Noble Republic. After a few months he moved his base of operation further east, as he gathered there the Divine Army, which had globally remained loyal to the [[Ilok'tab Dynasty|Ilok'tab]], alongside various loyalists militias he trained and organized into what would become the core of the Royalist army.
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| The leadership of the Loyalists was thus made of the [[Ilok'tab Dynasty]] and all associated lineages. {{wp|K'iche people|K'iche}} and {{wp|Mam people|Mam}} people had remained heavily tied to the Ilok'tab, tjeir countries too distant from the main hub of international trades with either [[Ajax|Ochran]] or [[Sante Reze]] to lose their dependence toward the central authorities. They would form the bulk of the troops and officers of the Royalists armies.
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| The {{wp|Chibchan languages|Chibchans}} also became prominent in the Royalists armies. The countryside of the eastern regions was thorn appart by the heavy social changes that led to the creation of the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]] and had been especially plagued by riots or protests in support of traditional social organization and against the transition from the old Market System, directed by the State, to the more liberal system of self-governance of the Merchant-aristocracy promoted by the forces that formed the Republic. Itzamnaaj spend the early years of the war exploiting this divide between the new middle class that had appeared since the 1700s and the countryside. It's this work of "recuperation" of the Chibchans and Lencas regions, and the promises made at the time, that layed the basis for the future Itzamnaaj Reformation, post-war.
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| In the Xuman Peninsula and the central regions, support toward the Royalists or the Republicans changed from town to town, from family to family. Old rivalries and dynastic conflicts came to feed the civil war, from local ancestral vendettas, to mistrust toward the [[Yajawil of Kanol|Tatinak]] and {{wp|Chontal Maya|Yokot'an}} aristocracies who were the main backers of the Noble Republic. Ultimately, these regions would become part of the [[Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale]], but would remain plagued by insurrections and protests the Royalists were able to turn into pro-Ilok'tab movements. The current [[flag of the Mutul]], the Yax-Sak-Kan, was notably created as a pro-Ilok'tab flag by {{wp|Ch'ol|K'ol}} militias.
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| ===Noble Republic of Northern Oxidentale===
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| [[File:Seal of the Republic of the Rio Grande.svg|250px|thumb|The blason used by the Noble Republic's military. The white and black, representing the north and the west respectively, were often replaced by green, which represented unity]]
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| The Republic's power-base was made of the middle class and the merchant-aristocracy everywhere in the country. It was especially well established in the [[Yajawil of Kanol]] and the East in general, where trans-Makrian trades had led to the emergence of a wealthy "modern" society that had the time to stabilize itself as it had existed for more than 200 years by the time of the Sajal War. A similar but much younger analogue society had emerged in the East after the [[Sante Reze]] revolution of 1701 that opened the Trans-thalassian trades to the Mutuleses merchant-nobility. While even more radical in its support of the Noble Republic than the "West", the "East" also proved to be the weak link of the Republicans, as it's relatively recent emergence meant that it was still full of contradictions, paradoxes, and social divides on which the Royalists managed to play to gain the upper-hand.
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| The leadership of the Noble Republic was made entirely by the old merchant-nobility of the [[Mutul]] that had complete control over local leaderships and national financial markets. They were backed by all the smaller-scale merchants and urban middle classes that had come to depend on the Trans-Makrian and Trans-Thalassian trades for their livelihood. However, except in the west, their power quickly dwindled outside of urban centers and they had barely, if any, control over the countrysides of the north, center, and east of the countries, where local priest-bureaucrats, often nobles of their own but removed from the financial circles reserved to the high aristocracy, became a constant source of defiance and opposition to the Republic, if not outright turned to insurrections, quickly re-appropriated by the royalists.
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| [[category:Mutul]] | | [[category:Mutul]] |
| [[category:Civil war]] | | [[category:People]] |
| [[category:War]]
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