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{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|micronation =        <!--yes if a micronation-->
|micronation =        <!--yes if a micronation-->
|conventional_long_name = Erish Realm
|conventional_long_name = Erish Confederation
|native_name =        {{resize|11pt|''Ärskríkið''}} <span style="font-weight: normal;"> {{resize|9pt|(Erish)}} </span>
|native_name =        {{resize|11pt|''Ærskbondeð''}} <span style="font-weight: normal;"> {{resize|9pt|(Erish)}} </span>
|common_name =        Erishland
|common_name =        Erishlands
|status =            <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations-->
|status =            <!--Status of country, especially useful for micronations-->
|image_flag =        <!--e.g. Flag of country.svg-->
|image_flag =        <!--e.g. Flag of country.svg-->
Line 16: Line 16:
|alt_coat =          <!--alt text for coat of arms-->
|alt_coat =          <!--alt text for coat of arms-->
|symbol_type =        <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)-->
|symbol_type =        <!--emblem, seal, etc (if not a coat of arms)-->
|national_motto =    "Bladið av Yrdjan bir furbättra oss" <span style="font-weight: normal;"> <small>(Erish)</small> </span>
|national_motto =    "Endrahten end Samærbdingo end Systerskapen" <span style="font-weight: normal;"> <small>(Erish)</small> </span>
|englishmotto =      <small>"Fate's edge will better us"</small>
|englishmotto =      <small>"Concord and cooperation and fraternity"</small>
|national_anthem =    <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
|national_anthem =    <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
|royal_anthem =      <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
|royal_anthem =      <!--in inverted commas and wikilinked if link exists-->
Line 29: Line 29:
|alt_map2 =          <!--alt text for second map-->
|alt_map2 =          <!--alt text for second map-->
|map_caption2 =      <!--Caption to place below second map-->
|map_caption2 =      <!--Caption to place below second map-->
|capital =            Serdstad
|capital =            Fjørjborg
|coordinates =        <!-- Coordinates for capital, using {{tl|coord}} -->
|coordinates =        <!-- Coordinates for capital, using {{tl|coord}} -->
|largest_city =      capital
|largest_city =      capital
Line 46: Line 46:
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)-->
|ethnic_groups_year = <!--Year of ethnic groups data (if provided)-->
|ethnic_groups_ref =  <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)-->
|ethnic_groups_ref =  <!--(for any ref/s to associate with ethnic groups data)-->
|religion =          Ardist Order
|religion =           
|religion_year =      <!--Year of religion data (if provided)-->
|religion_year =      <!--Year of religion data (if provided)-->
|religion_ref =      <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)-->
|religion_ref =      <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)-->
|demonym =            Erish
|demonym =            Erish
|government_type =    {{wpl|Unitary state|Unitary}} {{wpl|Parliamentary_system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}}
|government_type =    {{wpl|Federation|Federal}} {{wpl|Parliamentary_system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}}
|leader_title1 =      Queen
|leader_title1 =      Ide
|leader_name1 = Ljosna III
|leader_name1 = Ljowsne III
|leader_title2 =      Realm Chancellor
|leader_title2 =      President Minister
|leader_name2 = Eirik Geiralkson
|leader_name2 = Erik Geralkson
<!--......-->
<!--......-->
|leader_title14 =      <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)-->
|leader_title14 =      <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)-->
|leader_name14 =  
|leader_name14 =  
|legislature =        Allthing
|legislature =         
|upper_house =         
|upper_house =        Confederal Council
|lower_house =         
|lower_house =        Realm Diet
|sovereignty_type =  <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
|sovereignty_type =  <!--Brief description of country/territory's status ("Independence [from...]", "Autonomous province [of...]", etc)-->
|sovereignty_note =  
|sovereignty_note =  
Line 69: Line 69:
|established_event3 = Kingdom of Staalmark
|established_event3 = Kingdom of Staalmark
|established_date3 =  1150
|established_date3 =  1150
|established_event4 = Erish Realm established
|established_event4 = Treaty of the Three Lands
|established_date4 =  18 August 1297
|established_date4 =  18 August 1256
|established_event5 = Constitution of the Realm
|established_event5 = Erish Realm established
|established_date5 =  3 January 1838
|established_date5 =  6 June 1297
|established_event6 = Constitution of the Erish Confederation
|established_date6 =  3 January 1840
<!--......-->
<!--......-->
|established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)-->
|established_event13 = <!--(up to 13 distinct events may be included)-->
Line 85: Line 87:
|area_label2 =        <!--Label below area_label (optional)-->
|area_label2 =        <!--Label below area_label (optional)-->
|area_data2 =        <!--Text after area_label2 (optional)-->
|area_data2 =        <!--Text after area_label2 (optional)-->
|population_estimate = 7,152,886
|population_estimate =  
|population_estimate_rank =  
|population_estimate_rank =  
|population_estimate_year = 2019
|population_estimate_year = 2019
|population_census =  
|population_census = 21,280,924
|population_census_year =  
|population_census_year = 2020
|population_density_km2 = 84.9
|population_density_km2 = 252.6
|population_density_sq_mi = 219.9
|population_density_sq_mi = 654.2
|population_density_rank =  
|population_density_rank =  
|nummembers =        <!--An alternative to population for micronation-->
|nummembers =        <!--An alternative to population for micronation-->
|GDP_PPP =            $361.9 billion
|GDP_PPP =            $1.077 trillion
|GDP_PPP_rank =  
|GDP_PPP_rank =  
|GDP_PPP_year = 2019
|GDP_PPP_year = 2020
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $50,597
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $50,597
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =  
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =  
|GDP_nominal = $380.0 billion
|GDP_nominal = $1.131 trillion
|GDP_nominal_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_year = 2019
|GDP_nominal_year = 2020
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $53,132
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $53,132
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =  
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =  
Line 137: Line 139:
}}
}}


'''Erishland''' (Erish: ''Ärsklandið'' [ˈæːʂkˌlandɪ]), officially the '''Erish Realm''' (Erish: ''Ärskríkið'' [ˈæːʂkˌɽiːkɪ]), is a country in [[Ajax|northern Belisaria]]. It is bordered by [[Valgtea]] to the east, [[Ottonia]] to the south, and the Boreios Sea to the north and west. Its capital city is Serdstad.  
The '''Erishlands''' (Erish: ''Ærsklondo'' [ˈærːskˌlɔn̪ːd̪ɔ]), officially the '''Erish Confederation''' (Erish: ''Ærskbondeð'' [ˈærːskˌβ̞ɔn̪ːd̪əɬ]), or the '''Erish Realm''' (Erish: ''Ærskrejkeð'' [ˈærːskˌriːt͡ʃʰəɬ]) for international relations, is a country in [[Ajax|northern Belisaria]]. It is bordered by [[Valgtea]] to the east, [[Ottonia]] to the south, and the Boreios Sea to the north and west. Its capital city is Fjørjborg.  


Erishland was first inhabited by Celtic and Germanic peoples known as the Corvaik, but became dominated by the Erish following the arrival of the Allamunnic tribes during the fifth century. An independent Erish realm emerged during the late thirteenth century out of the Northern Crusade, with Brejtur of Tousch being crowned king in 1297. After the brief establishment of an Erish Republic in 1858, it was annexed by Ottonia in the late 1800s. Movements for the independence of the country first culminated in the Royalist Revolts from 1915 to 1920, which were ultimately suppressed by the Ottonian government. Another revolt by Royalists in 1932 sparked the [[Great Ottonian War]], ending in the restoration of Erish independence and the monarchy.  
The Erishlands was first inhabited by Celtic and Germanic peoples known as the Corvaik, but became dominated by the Erish following the arrival of the Allamunnic tribes during the fifth century. In 1256, the Erish Confederation was established between Jorskland, Seskland, and Winskland. Decades later, disputes over tribal supremacy resulted in the crowning of Ljowsne I of the House of Hjome as queen in 1297. After her death in 1321, a succession crisis sparked the First Civil War, ending in the establishment of the matrilineal principle that would govern the monarchy over the coming centuries. Between 1636 and 1641, the Second Civil War erupted over attempts of certain Lands to break away. After the Third Civil War between 1835 and 1838, kingship was abolished, and the powers of both the monarchy and central government were curtailed with the establishment of modern Erish democracy.


The Erish political system is a {{wpl|Unitary state|unitary}} {{wpl|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}}. The monarch, currently Queen Liexne III, functions as head of state whilst the duties of head of government are carried by the Realm Chancellor, who is Eirik Geiralkson as of 2020. The modern economy is highly developed, upholds an extensive welfare system, and ranks highly for economic mobility and income equality.
The Erish political system is a {{wpl|Federation|federal}} {{wpl|Parliamentary system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}}. The monarch, currently Queen Ljowsne III, functions as head of state whilst the duties of head of government are carried by the President Minister, who is Erik Geralkson as of 2020. The modern economy is highly developed, upholds an extensive welfare system, and ranks highly for economic mobility and income equality.


==Politics==
==Politics==
{{Main|Politics of Erishland}}
{{Main|Politics of Erishland}}


Erishland is a {{wpl|Unitary state|unitary}} {{wpl|Parliamentary_system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}} which operates within the framework of the 1940 Constitution of the Erish Realm. The monarch, who is Queen Liexne III as of 2011, is a ceremonial head of state, whilst the Realm Chancellor, currently Eirik Geiralkson, acts as head of government. Legislative power is exercised by the semi-bicameral Folkthing, whilst judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court, Court of Cassation, Courts of Assizes, and various other independent courts. Under the Erish system, the state is unitary, but the eleven Lands have some degree of autonomy.
The Erishlands is a {{wpl|Federation|federal}} {{wpl|Parliamentary_system|parliamentary}} {{wpl|constitutional monarchy}} which operates within the framework of the 1840 constitution. The Monarch, Queen Ljowsne III as of 2011, is a ceremonial head of state, whilst the President Minister, Erik Geralkson as of 2021, acts as head of government. Federal legislative power is exercised by the directly elected Realm Diet and indirectly elected Confederal Council, and the federal judiciary is headed by the High Court. Under the Erish system of federalism, the federal and state governments are cosovereign, and can influence one another.


The Erish constitution, adopted on 3 January 1940 following a referendum the prior year, establishes the intentions of the constitution, a bill of rights, and the framework of the national government, though it binds Lands to follow a similar framework. Both the {{wpl|Letter and spirit of the law|provisions and spirit}} of the constitution are binding upon all government institutions. It may be amended by a two-thirds majority of the Folkthing in two consecutive terms followed by a successful referendum, though it has not been successfully amended thus far; certain basic rights and the {{wpl|Representative democracy|representative democratic}} framework of the government are entrenched from being restricted.
===Government===


The monarch is the head of state. Though the constitution never explicitly states it, the crown acts under almost all circumstances as a ceremonial figurehead. The terminology used to refer to most of the crown's powers implies their exercise upon the advice of the Cabinet, almost all exercise of the powers of the crown are easily reversible by the Folkthing, and their formal status as Speaker of the Folkthing (a duty which is outside of ceremonial occasions delegated) has no impact on the proceedings of the legislature. It is even possible for the reigning monarch to be impeached. Consequently, it is understood that if the monarch were to ever exercise what symbolic powers they have in defiance of democratically elected officials, it would be a symbolic gesture in defense of the constitutional democratic state.
The Constitution of the Erish Confederation (Erish: ''Grundlogo Ærskbondem''), promulgated on 3 January 1840, came about in the aftermath of the Third Erish Civil War (1835-8). The constitution, written by federalists and republicans, declares sovereignty to be derived from the public and the states, in contrast to the monarch and a central government. It divides authority into legislative, judicial, executive, and oversight branches of government, as well as between the federal and state governments. As the supreme law of the Erishlands, all government authority is bound by it and its bill of fundamental rights.


National legislative power is vested in the semi-bicameral Folkthing, which, since 1983, has been composed of 250 Deputies. It is elected every four years by mixed-member proportional representation, with half of all seats being elected by individual constituencies, and the other half being apportioned based on a national proportional vote. All laws at the national level originate and are passed by the Folkthing. The Realm Chancellor, and all other Chancellors of the Cabinet, are appointed by the monarch from the largest party amongst the locally-elected Deputies, who confirm and have powers of confidence over them. This process of government formation, combined with only these Deputies having the power to propose, draft, and pass the national budget, is viewed as keeping the executive and legislative branches {{wpl|Separation of powers|separate}} through "semi-bicameralism".
The Monarch of the Erish (Erish: ''Ido/Iden Ærskem'') is the head of state, who exercises their executive powers only upon the advice of the Realm Cabinet. Whilst the Monarch has the formal ability to deny the Cabinet's advice, this has not been exercised in over a century, particularly since the Cabinet has the authority to act notwithstanding the Monarch. In practice, the denial of advice has thus become an unexercised reserve power, but the Monarch still has the power to warn and be consulted by the Cabinet. The Monarch is, strictly speaking, the head of state for the federal government and the nine Lands which still allow them to appoint their governors.  


Most executive power is constitutionally vested in the Royal Cabinet, which is headed by the Realm Chancellor, the head of government and, thus far, the leader of the largest party amongst local Deputies. Because the Realm Chancellor and other Chancellors are Deputies of the Folkthing, they can propose and vote on legislation, and are able to be questioned by fellow Deputies on government actions. The current Cabinet, formed in 2019 and headed by the Democratic Party leader Eirik Geiralkson, is a one-party minority government, per the norms of Erish politics.
Federal legislative power is exercised by the Realm Diet and Confederal Council, which represent citizens and governments respectively. Due to the ''sui generis'' nature of the Confederal Council in the Erish political system, it is considered a separate body from the Realm Diet rather than a second house. The Realm Diet currently consists of 208 Representatives and 69 Senators, all of whom are directly elected every four years by {{wpl|Dual-member proportional representation|double mandate}} and {{wpl|Two-round system|two-round}} voting respectively. The Confederal Council consists of the Erish President Minister and 21 other Confederal Ministers, all of whom are delegates of their cabinets in the legislative process. The Confederal Council's consent is required for all laws affecting state powers, as well as constitutional amendments.


Erishland is a unitary state, but is structured under the constitution to devolve powers to the eleven Lands, each of which stands as a partially autonomous region. Though they are obligated to follow the basic outlines of the national government, they have their own legislatures, governments, and judiciaries, and have varying degrees of competency over certain areas of policy.
Executive power is exercised by the Realm Cabinet, headed by the President Minister, the head of government and leader of the majority party of Senators. Because the President Minister and other ministers are required to be Senators or Representatives, they can propose and vote on legislation, and are able to be questioned by fellow legislators. The Realm Cabinet, however, is only responsible to Senators, who by virtue of their two-round election always come from a majority or minority party; the double mandate system for Representatives has facilitated an overall {{wpl|multi-party system}}. The current Cabinet, headed by Democrat Senator Erik Geralkson, consists of himself and 14 other ministers from the Democrats and the Labour Party.


Erishland has a multiparty system marked by the predominance of the Democratic and People's parties as the parties of governance (especially at the national level), and a variety of other parties which obtain seats in the legislature due to the electoral threshold only being 2%. As of 2020, for example, there are no less than eight parties in the Folkthing. Though coalition governments have disappeared at the national level since 1971 because local Deputies have been only of one of two parties (a few are still occasionally formed at the land or local levels), coalitions between parties on particular legislative issues are normal since no governing party in the entirety of modern Erish history has ever held a majority in the Folkthing.  
The Erishlands is a {{wpl|federation}} in which both the federal and state governments are considered sovereign. Instead of a federal system based upon a division of federal and state powers into exclusive spheres of influence, the federal government is able to create laws in certain areas of state powers, which the states then execute. Moreover, through the Confederal Council, the states are likewise able to participate in federal processes. The states have their own political systems with legislatures, governments, and judiciaries.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
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{{Main|Erish language}}
{{Main|Erish language}}


The official language of Erishland is Erish, a {{wpl|West Germanic languages|West Germanic}} language that is mostly closely related to languages like {{wpl|English language|Anglish}} or {{wpl|German language|German}}, but which has undergone significant convergence with the {{wpl|North Germanic languages|Nordic}} languages as a consequence of extensive contact with them. There is some limited degree of mutual intelligibility between Erish and those languages, but not to the same extent as between the Nordic languages, especially in speech. Recognized minority languages in Erishland include {{wpl|English language|Anglish}} and {{wpl|Norwegian language|Norsk}}
The official language of the Erishlands is Erish, a {{wpl|West Germanic languages|West Germanic}} language that is mostly closely related to languages like {{wpl|English language|Anglish}} or {{wpl|German language|German}}, but which has undergone significant convergence with the {{wpl|North Germanic languages|Nordic}} languages as a consequence of extensive contact with them. There is some limited degree of mutual intelligibility between Erish and those languages, but not to the same extent as between the Nordic languages, especially in speech. Recognized minority languages in Erishland include {{wpl|English language|Anglish}} and {{wpl|Norwegian language|Norsk}}


[[Category: Ajax]]
[[Category: Ajax]]

Revision as of 18:27, 7 June 2021

Erish Confederation
Ærskbondeð (Erish)
Motto: "Endrahten end Samærbdingo end Systerskapen" (Erish)
"Concord and cooperation and fraternity"
Location of Erishland (green) in Belisaria
Location of Erishland (green) in Belisaria
Capital
and
Fjørjborg
Official languagesErish
Recognised minority languages
Demonym(s)Erish
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Ide
Ljowsne III
• President Minister
Erik Geralkson
• Upper house
Confederal Council
• Lower house
Realm Diet
Establishment
• Nord-Keldi Confederation
550
• Annexation by the Ottonian Empire
850
• Kingdom of Staalmark
1150
• Treaty of the Three Lands
18 August 1256
• Erish Realm established
6 June 1297
• Constitution of the Erish Confederation
3 January 1840
Area
• 
84,256 km2 (32,531 sq mi)
Population
• 2020 census
21,280,924
• Density
252.6/km2 (654.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
$1.077 trillion
• Per capita
$50,597
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$1.131 trillion
• Per capita
$53,132
Gini27.2
low
HDIIncrease 0.940
very high
CurrencyHød (Ƕ) (HOD)
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy (EA)
Driving sideright
Calling code+602
ISO 3166 codeEI
Internet TLD.ei

The Erishlands (Erish: Ærsklondo [ˈærːskˌlɔn̪ːd̪ɔ]), officially the Erish Confederation (Erish: Ærskbondeð [ˈærːskˌβ̞ɔn̪ːd̪əɬ]), or the Erish Realm (Erish: Ærskrejkeð [ˈærːskˌriːt͡ʃʰəɬ]) for international relations, is a country in northern Belisaria. It is bordered by Valgtea to the east, Ottonia to the south, and the Boreios Sea to the north and west. Its capital city is Fjørjborg.

The Erishlands was first inhabited by Celtic and Germanic peoples known as the Corvaik, but became dominated by the Erish following the arrival of the Allamunnic tribes during the fifth century. In 1256, the Erish Confederation was established between Jorskland, Seskland, and Winskland. Decades later, disputes over tribal supremacy resulted in the crowning of Ljowsne I of the House of Hjome as queen in 1297. After her death in 1321, a succession crisis sparked the First Civil War, ending in the establishment of the matrilineal principle that would govern the monarchy over the coming centuries. Between 1636 and 1641, the Second Civil War erupted over attempts of certain Lands to break away. After the Third Civil War between 1835 and 1838, kingship was abolished, and the powers of both the monarchy and central government were curtailed with the establishment of modern Erish democracy.

The Erish political system is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The monarch, currently Queen Ljowsne III, functions as head of state whilst the duties of head of government are carried by the President Minister, who is Erik Geralkson as of 2020. The modern economy is highly developed, upholds an extensive welfare system, and ranks highly for economic mobility and income equality.

Politics

Main article: Politics of Erishland

The Erishlands is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy which operates within the framework of the 1840 constitution. The Monarch, Queen Ljowsne III as of 2011, is a ceremonial head of state, whilst the President Minister, Erik Geralkson as of 2021, acts as head of government. Federal legislative power is exercised by the directly elected Realm Diet and indirectly elected Confederal Council, and the federal judiciary is headed by the High Court. Under the Erish system of federalism, the federal and state governments are cosovereign, and can influence one another.

Government

The Constitution of the Erish Confederation (Erish: Grundlogo Ærskbondem), promulgated on 3 January 1840, came about in the aftermath of the Third Erish Civil War (1835-8). The constitution, written by federalists and republicans, declares sovereignty to be derived from the public and the states, in contrast to the monarch and a central government. It divides authority into legislative, judicial, executive, and oversight branches of government, as well as between the federal and state governments. As the supreme law of the Erishlands, all government authority is bound by it and its bill of fundamental rights.

The Monarch of the Erish (Erish: Ido/Iden Ærskem) is the head of state, who exercises their executive powers only upon the advice of the Realm Cabinet. Whilst the Monarch has the formal ability to deny the Cabinet's advice, this has not been exercised in over a century, particularly since the Cabinet has the authority to act notwithstanding the Monarch. In practice, the denial of advice has thus become an unexercised reserve power, but the Monarch still has the power to warn and be consulted by the Cabinet. The Monarch is, strictly speaking, the head of state for the federal government and the nine Lands which still allow them to appoint their governors.

Federal legislative power is exercised by the Realm Diet and Confederal Council, which represent citizens and governments respectively. Due to the sui generis nature of the Confederal Council in the Erish political system, it is considered a separate body from the Realm Diet rather than a second house. The Realm Diet currently consists of 208 Representatives and 69 Senators, all of whom are directly elected every four years by double mandate and two-round voting respectively. The Confederal Council consists of the Erish President Minister and 21 other Confederal Ministers, all of whom are delegates of their cabinets in the legislative process. The Confederal Council's consent is required for all laws affecting state powers, as well as constitutional amendments.

Executive power is exercised by the Realm Cabinet, headed by the President Minister, the head of government and leader of the majority party of Senators. Because the President Minister and other ministers are required to be Senators or Representatives, they can propose and vote on legislation, and are able to be questioned by fellow legislators. The Realm Cabinet, however, is only responsible to Senators, who by virtue of their two-round election always come from a majority or minority party; the double mandate system for Representatives has facilitated an overall multi-party system. The current Cabinet, headed by Democrat Senator Erik Geralkson, consists of himself and 14 other ministers from the Democrats and the Labour Party.

The Erishlands is a federation in which both the federal and state governments are considered sovereign. Instead of a federal system based upon a division of federal and state powers into exclusive spheres of influence, the federal government is able to create laws in certain areas of state powers, which the states then execute. Moreover, through the Confederal Council, the states are likewise able to participate in federal processes. The states have their own political systems with legislatures, governments, and judiciaries.

Demographics

Language

Main article: Erish language

The official language of the Erishlands is Erish, a West Germanic language that is mostly closely related to languages like Anglish or German, but which has undergone significant convergence with the Nordic languages as a consequence of extensive contact with them. There is some limited degree of mutual intelligibility between Erish and those languages, but not to the same extent as between the Nordic languages, especially in speech. Recognized minority languages in Erishland include Anglish and Norsk

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