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{{Region icon Kylaris}}
{{Region icon Kylaris}}
{{wip}}
{{Infobox official post
{{Infobox official post
| post                    = President
| post                    = President
| body                    = Belmonte
| body                    = Belmonte
| native_name              = Presidente de Belmonte
| native_name              = <small>Presidente de Belmonte ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}})</small>
| flag                    = Belmonte_flag.png
| flag                    = Belmonte_flag.png
| flagcaption              = [[Flag of Belmonte]]
| flagcaption              = [[Flag of Belmonte]]
| insignia                = Brasão_belmonte.png
| insignia                = Brasão_belmonte.png
| insigniacaption          = [[Coat of arms of Belmonte]]
| insigniacaption          = [[Coat of arms of Belmonte]]
| image                    = Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa,_Visita_de_Estado_ao_México_2017-07-17.png
| image                    = Ricardo_Lewandowski_2011.jpg
| imagesize                = 225px
| imagesize                = 225px
| incumbent                = [[Caetano Villa-Lobos]]
| incumbent                = [[Caetano Villa-Lobos]]
Line 19: Line 20:
| seat                    = [[Castelonovo]]
| seat                    = [[Castelonovo]]
| appointer                = {{wp|Direct election}}<br>{{wp|Two-round system}}<br>{{wp|Universal suffrage}}
| appointer                = {{wp|Direct election}}<br>{{wp|Two-round system}}<br>{{wp|Universal suffrage}}
| termlength              = Five years<br>Renewable once consecutively.
| termlength              = Five years<br>Renewable once
| termlength_qualified    =  
| termlength_qualified    =  
| constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of Belmonte|Constitution]]
| constituting_instrument  = [[Constitution of Belmonte|Constitution]]
Line 27: Line 28:
| website                  = [http://wwww.belmonte.gov.be wwww.belmonte.gov.be]
| website                  = [http://wwww.belmonte.gov.be wwww.belmonte.gov.be]
}}
}}
The '''President of Belmonte''' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}}: ''Presidente de Belmonte''), officially the '''President of the United Republic of Belmonte''' (Luzelese: ''Presidente da República Unida de Belmonte''), is the {{wp|head of state}} of [[Belmonte]]. The president is the highest elected officer of the republic and the personification of the state, as well as the {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the [[Belmontese Armed Forces|Armed Forces]].
{{Politics of Belmonte}}
The '''President of Belmonte''' ({{wp|Portuguese language|Luzelese}}: ''Presidente de Belmonte''), officialy the '''President of the United Republic of Belmonte''' (Luzelese: ''Presidente da República Unida de Belmonte''), is the {{wp|head of state}} of Belmonte and {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the [[Belmontese Armed Forces]].


The office of the president was officially created in 1792 after the [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|liberal victory]] at the [[Federalist Revolt]], which overthrew the former [[Confederation of Belmonte|confederation]] and established a [[First Belmontese Republic|federal presidential republic]]. Before that, the title of head of state was given to the [[Confederation of Belmonte|Captain-Regent]], an oligarchic post elected by the regional elites. However, years of liberal rule led to political oppression against the [[Conservative Party (Belmonte)|opposition]] whilst [[National Congress of Belmonte|Congress]] became reduced to an advisory institution, with the country effectively becoming a {{wp|one-party state}} which resulted in the [[1828 Coup]] by conservative sections of the Armed Forces followed by the dictatorship of [[Joaquim Durão]]. After the [[Belmontese Revolution]], both parties at the [[Riachuelo Agreement]] decided to diminish the presidency's powers by establishing a {{wp|parliamentary republic}}, with the president acting as a mediator between government and opposition while the office itself would be rotated between [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|liberals]] and [[Conservative Party (Belmonte)|conservatives]], with its power further decreased with the establishment of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]] in 1935.
The office of the presidency was created after the {{wp|Liberalism|liberal victory}} in the [[Federalist Revolt]], leading to the establishment of the [[First Belmontese Republic|First Republic]] and the nomination of revolutionary [[Jorge Aranha]] as the first holder of the office. Previously, Belmonte's head of state was the [[Captain-Regent of Belmonte|Captain-Regent]], a largely ceremonial post controlled by the {{wp|Oligarchy|rural oligarchic elites}} of the [[Confederation of Belmonte|Confederation era]]. Initially, as part of the First Republic's {{wp|presidential system}}, the post had a larger number of powers and influence than it has today, leading to a bigger {{wp|Centralization|centralization of powers}} as the country became a ''de facto'' {{wp|one-party state}} under the [[Liberal Party (Belmonte)|Liberal Party]], eventually leading to the [[1828 Coup]] and the beginning of the [[Durão Era]].


The president is elected through the {{wp|popular vote}} for a five-year term that could be renewed consecutively. Despite being a mostly ceremonial office, it's the role of the president to appoint and dismiss the [[Premier of Belmonte|premier]] and his [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]], dissolve the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]], declare {{wp|general elections}} and command the Armed Forces. The president has the [[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]] as his official {{wp|advisory council}} and is the head of the [[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]] as well.
After the [[Belmontese Revolution]] and [[Belmontese Revolution|Durão's ousting of power]], both liberal and [[Conservative Party (Belmonte)|conservative]] politicians would meet in [[Riachuelo]] to discuss long-term stability proposals for the newly-established [[Third Belmontese Republic|Third Republic]], resulting in the [[Riachuelo Agreement]]. The following [[Constitution of Belmonte|constitution]] curtailed several powers of the presidency amid the establishment of a {{wp|parliamentary system}}, but the post nonetheless had significant influence as a mediator among the two groups and would be {{wp|Rotation government|rotated among both parties}} during most of the entirety of the Third Republic until the [[1906-1913 political crisis in Belmonte|breaking of the agreement in 1906]].
==History==
 
{{main|History of Belmonte}}
The [[National Renovation Coup]] would suspend the former constitution and give way to the {{wp|Authoritarianism|authoritarian}} [[Berquó Era]], which centralized all powers to the presidency again who {{wp|Rule by decree|ruled through decree}}. The [[Berquó Era|fall of the former dictatorial regime]] and the establishment of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]] in 1935 essentially stripped the presidency of all remaining powers, now seen as a largely ceremonial post that nonetheless still holds some duties.
After [[Asterian War of Secession|Belmontese independence]] in 1761, the [[Confederation of Belmonte]], an {{wp|Oligarchy|oligarchic state}} largely based around {{wp|slavery}} and {{wp|monoculture}}, was established, alienating many liberal-minded intellectuals and officers. Further oppression against these groups led to the [[Federalist Revolt]] and the establishment of the [[First Belmontese Republic]], a {{wp|Federalism|federal}} {{wp|presidential republic}} in which the presidency was created and granted several powers, with [[Jorge Aranha]] becoming the country's first holder of the office.


However, after the consolidation of liberal rule over the years, many political oppositors started to become persecuted and oppressed whilst [[National Congress of Belmonte|Congress]] had its powers reduced into a mere {{wp|advisory council}}, making Belmonte a {{wp|one-party state}}. This political situation would lead to a [[1828 Coup|coup]] which deposed president [[Plínio Veríssimo|Veríssimo]] and put conservative politician [[Joaquim Durão]] in charge as a dictator. After Durão's fall in the [[Belmontese Revolution]] in 1836, both liberals and conservatives decided to met in [[Riachuelo]] to ensure long-term stability in the newly-created [[Second Belmontese Republic|Second Republic]], being known as the [[Riachuelo Agreement]]. In the agreement, it was decided that the presidency would be rotated among the two parties, but most political powers would fall into Congress and the [[Premier of Belmonte|premier]], with the president itself acting more of a mediator among those groups.
Although considered to be a mostly ceremonial office, it's the role of the president to appoint and dismiss the [[Premier of Belmonte|premier]] and his or her [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]], dissolve the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]], declare {{wp|general elections}} and command the Armed Forces, however, all of these actions must have the consent and approval of either the premier or Congress. The president has the [[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]] and [[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]] as {{wp|Advisory board|advisory boards}} and is elected through the {{wp|Suffrage|popular vote}} for a five-year term that could be renewed once.


By the early 1900s, the agreement would be broken, causing a large [[1909-1913 political crisis in Belmonte|political crisis]] which led to the [[National Renovation Coup]] and the establishment of [[Berquó's dictatorship|Berquó's dictatorial regime]] that lasted until the [[Great War (Kylaris)|Great War]]. After the end of the conflict, the current [[New Republic (Belmonte)|Third Republic]] was established, with the [[Constitution of Belmonte|constitution]] stripping the remaining presidential powers thus becoming a largely ceremonial role.
While holding no real practical power, the presidency is seen as a highly honoured position and a national unifying figure by the majority of the Belmontese population.
==Appointment==
==History==
===Origins===
===Development===
===Since 1935===
==Selection==
===Qualifications for office===
===Election===
===Inauguration===
{{quote box
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|source    =&nbsp;— Presidential oath of office
|source    =&nbsp;— Presidential oath of office
}}
}}
The president is elected for a five-year term that could be re-elected once consecutively through {{wp|universal suffrage}} under a {{wp|two-round system}}. If no candidate manages to get more than half of the popular vote on the first round, the two most voted candidates face each other once again in a second round held weeks later.
===Qualifications for office===
According to the constitution, for someone be qualified to become president, the candidate must be 35 years old or older on {{wp|election day}} and must have his full political and civil rights. The application for candidacy must be sent to the [[Supreme Court of Belmonte|Supreme Court]] four months before the election and could be rejected if any irregularity is found, despite this being extremely rare to happen.
===Inauguration===
Soon after the election, the country enters into a transition period that lasts until September 15th, when, by tradition, occurs the {{wp|presidential inauguration}} in the [[National Congress of Belmonte|National Congress]], where it's declared its {{wp|Oath of office|oath}}.
After the oath, the new president goes to his {{wp|official residence}}, the [[Mascarenhas Palace]], where it happens the {{wp|presidential sash}} change ceremony and meets with international representatives. Followed by the ceremony, an {{wp|inaugural ball}} happens at the night of inauguration day, being present on such ceremony the [[Premier of Belmonte|premier]] and his [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]], [[National Congress of Belmonte|congressmen]], [[Supreme Court of Belmonte|supreme court judges]], {{wp|Mayor|mayors}}, {{wp|Governor|governors}}, {{wp|Ambassador|ambassadors}}, {{wp|Diplomat|diplomats}} and other guests invited at the president's will.
===Impeachment and removal===
The president could be {{wp|Impeachment|impeached}} if it's proven that he committed any irregularity during his tenure. If two-thirds of the [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|Chamber of Deputies]] vote in favour of the process, the president is temporarily removed from office whilst the [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|speaker of the House]] assumes provisorily and, if the majority of the [[Senate of Belmonte|Senate]] votes for the continuation of the procedure, he is officially impeached. If the Senate votes against it, the president is sworn in again and the process is abrogated.
Given the president's ceremonial nature and non-partisan role, no president had an impeachment process opened against him nor has any president been impeached at all.
===Succession===
In case of resignation, impeachment or incapacitation of the president, the speaker of the [[Chamber of Deputies of Belmonte|Chamber of Deputies]] is sworn in as {{wp|acting president}} for the remainder of the term until new elections are held.
==Role and powers==
==Role and powers==
The president's roles and powers have been greatly changed throughout its history. Since the establishment of the [[Second Belmontese Republic|Second Republic]], the presidency saw a decreasing of its powers over government affairs, being only responsible for acting as a mediator between the government and opposition whilst most of its powers were now being delegated to the [[Premier of Belmonte|premier]] and his [[Cabinet of Belmonte|cabinet]]. This was temporarily changed with the establishment of [[Berquó's dictatorship]] in 1915 but, followed by the creation of the [[New Republic (Belmonte)|New Republic]] twenty years later, the office was once again stripped from the majority of its powers, becoming a mostly-ceremonial role.
==Sucession==
 
==Impeachment and removal==
Although being a largely figurative post, the president still has a considerable amount of duties and powers as the head of the {{wp|Executive (politics)|executive}}. It's the responsibility of the president to appoint the premier and his cabinet after {{wp|General election|general elections}}, being generally but not necessarily the leader of the party with the majority of seats in [[National Congress of Belmonte|Congress]]. If such {{wp|Motion of no-confidence|parliamentary confidence}} is lost, the president has the option to either dismiss the current government and appoint a new premier or to dissolve Congress and declare {{wp|Snap election|snap elections}}. The president is also responsible for enacting every law passed by Congress and can veto them too, with the veto itself being able to be overturned by the [[Senate of Belmonte|Senate]].
==Presidential office and symbols==
 
===Residence and office===
The president is also the {{wp|commander-in-chief}} of the [[Belmontese Armed Forces|Armed Forces]], being able to, although with the consent of both Congress and the premier, proclaim a {{wp|state of siege}} and declare {{wp|war}}. He is also responsible for command the [[National Force (Belmonte)|National Force]], which is used in cases of {{wp|Unrest|public unrest}}.
===Transportation===
 
Internationally, it's the responsibility of the president to represent Belmonte on the [[Kylaris|world stage]], with all diplomatic treaties being signed on his behalf. The president is also capable of issue {{wp|Presidential pardon|pardons}} to condemned felons.
 
==Benefits==
[[File:Webysther_20190304150324_-_Parque_da_Independência.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Mascarenhas Palace]]]]
===Residence===
Since 1906, the official residence of all Belmontese presidents is the [[Mascarenhas Palace]], which is located at the [[Castelonovo|''República'']] borough in central [[Castelonovo]]. Before its construction, the official residence was the [[Cristaleiras Palace]], which was demolished in 1912 to give space for the construction of a park. Other official residences are the [[Cintra House]], which serves as a country retreat, and the [[Pascoal House]], which is the presidential residence in [[Guanabara]].
===Salary===
===Salary===
Currently, the salary of the president is $68,837 per month. The president also receives other benefits during and after his term.
==List==
==List==
{{main|List of heads of state of Belmonte}}
{{main|List of heads of state of Belmonte}}
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* [[List of heads of state of Belmonte|List of Belmontese presidents]]
* [[List of heads of state of Belmonte|List of Belmontese presidents]]
* [[Government of Belmonte]]
* [[Government of Belmonte]]
|width="33%"|
* [[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]]
* [[National Defence Council (Belmonte)|National Defence Council]]
* [[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]]
* [[Council of State (Belmonte)|State Council]]
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[[Category:Belmonte]]
[[Category:Belmonte]]
{{Belmontese presidents}}
{{Belmontese presidents}}
{{Belmonte topics}}

Revision as of 00:10, 27 September 2021

Template:Region icon Kylaris

President of Belmonte
Presidente de Belmonte (Luzelese)
Brasão belmonte.png
Coat of arms of Belmonte
Belmonte flag.png
Flag of Belmonte
Ricardo Lewandowski 2011.jpg
Incumbent
Caetano Villa-Lobos
since 15 September 2015
Government of Belmonte
National Defence Council
State Council
StyleMr. President
(informal)
The Most Excellent
(formal)
Excellency
(international)
StatusHead of state
Member ofState Council · National Defence Council
ResidenceMascarenhas Palace
SeatCastelonovo
AppointerDirect election
Two-round system
Universal suffrage
Term lengthFive years
Renewable once
Constituting instrumentConstitution
Formation10 January 1793
First holderJorge Aranha
Salary$68,837
Websitewwww.belmonte.gov.be
Belmonte
Coat of arms of Belmonte
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Belmonte
Executive
Legislative
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Armed Forces

The President of Belmonte (Luzelese: Presidente de Belmonte), officialy the President of the United Republic of Belmonte (Luzelese: Presidente da República Unida de Belmonte), is the head of state of Belmonte and commander-in-chief of the Belmontese Armed Forces.

The office of the presidency was created after the liberal victory in the Federalist Revolt, leading to the establishment of the First Republic and the nomination of revolutionary Jorge Aranha as the first holder of the office. Previously, Belmonte's head of state was the Captain-Regent, a largely ceremonial post controlled by the rural oligarchic elites of the Confederation era. Initially, as part of the First Republic's presidential system, the post had a larger number of powers and influence than it has today, leading to a bigger centralization of powers as the country became a de facto one-party state under the Liberal Party, eventually leading to the 1828 Coup and the beginning of the Durão Era.

After the Belmontese Revolution and Durão's ousting of power, both liberal and conservative politicians would meet in Riachuelo to discuss long-term stability proposals for the newly-established Third Republic, resulting in the Riachuelo Agreement. The following constitution curtailed several powers of the presidency amid the establishment of a parliamentary system, but the post nonetheless had significant influence as a mediator among the two groups and would be rotated among both parties during most of the entirety of the Third Republic until the breaking of the agreement in 1906.

The National Renovation Coup would suspend the former constitution and give way to the authoritarian Berquó Era, which centralized all powers to the presidency again who ruled through decree. The fall of the former dictatorial regime and the establishment of the New Republic in 1935 essentially stripped the presidency of all remaining powers, now seen as a largely ceremonial post that nonetheless still holds some duties.

Although considered to be a mostly ceremonial office, it's the role of the president to appoint and dismiss the premier and his or her cabinet, dissolve the National Congress, declare general elections and command the Armed Forces, however, all of these actions must have the consent and approval of either the premier or Congress. The president has the State Council and National Defence Council as advisory boards and is elected through the popular vote for a five-year term that could be renewed once.

While holding no real practical power, the presidency is seen as a highly honoured position and a national unifying figure by the majority of the Belmontese population.

History

Origins

Development

Since 1935

Selection

Qualifications for office

Election

Inauguration

I promise to preserve, defend and uphold the Constitution, observe the Laws, promote the general welfare of the Belmontese people, and to sustain the union, the integrity and the independence of Belmonte.

 — Presidential oath of office

Role and powers

Sucession

Impeachment and removal

Presidential office and symbols

Residence and office

Transportation

Salary

List

Main article: List of heads of state of Belmonte

Living former presidents

There are two living former Belmontese presidents:

See also

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