Tyrnica
Grand Kingdom of Tyrnica Väldig-Königreich Týrland (Tyrnican) | |
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 Flag
 Coat of arms
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| Motto: "Wegen der kälde erlangen stärke" "Through the cold comes strength" | |
| Anthem: März des Nordens "March of the North"  | |
 Location of Tyrnica | |
| Capital | Essarien-Königspfalz |
| Largest city | Stierstandt |
| Official languages | Tyrnican |
| Recognised regional languages | Kürskarish, Evzenian |
| Demonym(s) | Tyrnican |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Frederick IV |
| Kristen Lehmann | |
| Legislature | Rechtzuhör |
| Haus des Königsrath | |
| Haus der Volksvertreter | |
| Establishment | |
• Coronation of Audun I | 1 November 463 |
• Union with Kürskäringar | 7 September 1479 |
• Valschaffën Act | 8 June 1783 |
• Hasserstadt Declaration | 15 February 1856 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,126,430 km2 (434,920 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2018 census | 67,413,974 |
• Density | 59.8/km2 (154.9/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $4.245 trillion (4th) |
• Per capita | $59,923 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $4.102 trillion (2nd) |
• Per capita | $61,404 |
| Gini (2018) |  27.3low |
| HDI (2018) |  0.943very high |
| Currency | Tyrnican Mark (TYM) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (Central Auressian Time) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (Central Auressian Summer Time) |
| Date format | dd-mm-yyyy (CE) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +07 |
| ISO 3166 code | TYR |
| Internet TLD | .tr and .kn |
Tyrnica (/tɜrnɪkɑː/; Tyrnican: Týrland, pronounced /tɪərleɪnd/), officially the Grand Kingdom of Tyrnica (Tyrnican: Väldig-Königreich Týrland) but also known as the North and the Kingdom of the North, is a sovereign state located in Central Auressia. It is bordered on the north by the Northern Ocean and shares maritime borders with Blayk to the west. Tyrnica is comprised of twelve constituent regions within 1,126,430 square kilometres, and possesses a population of 67.4 million. The legislative and royal capital rests within Essarien-Königspfalz, which is the nation's second largest urban centre following the city of Stierstandt. Other major cities include Valschaffën, Audrache, Hasserstadt, Schwarzeberg, Evverkäben, Karsfjord, Rechnyye and Laubbachen.
The region that now comprises present-day Tyrnica has been inhabited by ancient humans since 600,000 BCE, and by Isaric peoples since approximately 700 BCE. The Sabarine Empire had established tributaries in the area by 100 CE, and made several subsequent attempts to exert direct control prior to its downfall in the 5th century. In 463 CE, Audun I became the first King of the Tyrnicans, which coincided with the end of Antiquity and the beginning of the Migratory Period in Auressia. During the Middle Ages, Tyrnica was gradually united over several centuries as part of a period known as the Vereinigung (“unification”), until Tyrnica entered a personal union with Kürskäringar in 1479. The first Tyrnican colonies were established towards the end of the 16th century, and its colonial empire would go on to rival that of other Auressian powers.
In the early 19th century, Tyrnica became the primary monarchist power in the Rythenean Revolutionary Wars and supplanted the authority of Blayk and Rythene to become the global leader in cultural, military and economic influence. This state of affairs persisted until the ratification of the Treaty of Arden in 1913, which ended Tyrnican involvement in the Great War. Thereafter, Tyrnica’s status was reduced to that of a pariah state until its participation in the Second Great War restored relations with its neighbours. Over the course of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, Tyrnica has maintained a stable position on the global scale, undergoing a process of decolonisation and rapid economic growth.
Tyrnica is a developed country with the world’s second-largest economy by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is a high-income social market economy that places emphasis on arms, automobile and technology manufacturing, with a burgeoning service sector. The nation also holds the third-highest Human Development Index rating in the world, and performs favourably in a number of national performance listings including health, education, quality of life, economic freedom and the protection of human rights and liberties.
The Grand Kingdom of Tyrnica is a great power that wields considerable influence across the globe, maintaining the ability to engage in power projection. Tyrnica is a founding member of the Council of Levilion as well as the Auressian Community, and participates in a number of other intergovernmental organisations dedicated to global peace, security and development. Its military expenditure is the sixth-highest in the world, and despite being a recognised nuclear weapons state, it expressed possible commitment to a nuclear disarmament programme in 2016. Tyrnica is renowned as a cultural nexus and is the birthplace of many varieties of the arts, philosophy, science and music.
Etymology
Etymologically, the name Tyrnica is a Sabarisation of the native Týrland, which is in turn derived from the name of the most prominent deity in Isaric paganism. Ultimately, the term stems from *Dyēus, which was the name of the proto-Auressian chief deity typically associated with the daylight sky.
Originally pronounced as (/tɪərnikɑː/), the common pronunciation of Tyrnica has since changed to (/tɜrnɪkɑː/), but earlier forms are still used and recognised. In Tyrnican, the native Týrland is pronounced only as (/tɪərleɪnd/) or (/tɪərlɑːnd/).
History
Prehistory
The Tyrnican region is believed to have been occupied by ancient humans since 600,000 BCE. The Virkaevahn Man is well-known for being one of the oldest and most well-preserved examples of early human life, while ancient flutes and pipes show the existence of musical instruments in Tyrnica as early as 48,000 BCE.
Antiquity
The earliest emergence of proto-Isaric peoples can be traced to the late Bronze Age in the vicinity of modern-day Velcalår. Archaeological, genealogical and linguistic evidence suggests that circa 700 BCE, the inhabitants of the area began to take on an increasingly homogeneous profile as the population grew larger. By 100 BCE, cooling weather conditions necessitated Isaric peoples to settle on the Tyrnican mainland, later spreading across Central Auressia and displacing the Rubic tribes of the region.
Early Middle Ages
Late Middle Ages
Early Modern Period
Late Modern Period
Contemporary Period
Geography
Autumn forest near Veidenhain
River Essar in Valschaffën
Glacial valley in southern Umbrecht
Farmland east of Ardarschweig
Tyrnica is located in Central Auressia, sharing maritime borders with Blayk to the west (although the two countries are connected by the Arden-Karsfjord Bridge). It is enclosed by the Northern Ocean and the Sabarine Sea, as well as the Strait of Khovaar which separates Central and Western Auressia. The territory of Tyrnica spans approximately 1,126,430 km² (434,917 sq mi), consisting of 1,103,850 km² (426,198 sq mi) of land and 22,580 km² (8,718 sq mi) of water. It is the largest country in Auressia by surface area, and the 10th largest in the world.
Climate
Overseas Territories
Biodiversity
Politics
Government
Tyrnica is a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy, operating under a legal framework established as part of the Constitution of Tyrnica.
