YDG-64
| YDG-64 | |
|---|---|
.jpg) YDG-64 launched from the frigate Yuyang. | |
| Type | Medium-range surface-to-air missile |
| Place of origin | Dayashina, Menghe |
| Service history | |
| In service | 2010 |
| Used by | Menghe |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | Samsan Defense |
| Unit cost | ₩26.8 million ($1.2 million OSD) |
| Produced | 2009-present |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 280 kg |
| Length | 3.66 m |
| Diameter | 254 mm |
| Warhead | 39 kg fragmentation |
Detonation mechanism | Proximity fuze |
| Engine | solid fuel rocket |
Operational range | 50km+ |
| Speed | Mach 4+ |
Guidance system | semi-active radar homing with mid-course update datalink |
Launch platform | Naval: * Mk 29 box launcher * Mk 41 VLS * Yongorŭm VLS Land: * Changgung air defense system * Chŏlgung air defense system |
The YDG-64 (Menghean: 유대공-64 Yudaegong-64, abbr. for 유도탄, 대공 Yudotan, Daegong "Missile, Anti-Air") is Menghe's designation for a license-produced version of the Dayashinese RIM-162 ESSM. Menghe obtained the production license in 2009, and the first Menghean production missile was first test-fired in 2010. In addition to using the YDG-64 aboard warships, Menghe has also developed it into a major land-based air defense system, part of the Changgung and Chŏlgung air defense systems.
Description
In Dayashina, the ESSM was developed from the RIM-7 Sea Sparrow, and was designed for greater accuracy and range with vertical launch capability. Menghe expressed interest in the system as it was under development, and in 2009 the two countries reached a joint agreement under which Samsan Defense would produce missiles under license in Menghe. As such, the YDG-64 is effectively identical to the RIM-162 Block 1, though it has seen the incorporation of some domestic components over the years.
The YDG-64 employs semi-active radar homing guidance, with a passive seeker following the reflected signal from a target illuminated by a separate radar. An active-radar variant is reportedly under development but not yet in service. This SARH guidance is combined with radio command guidance during the first half of the flight path, with the missile following mid-course updates transmitted from the launch platform. This initial command stage can be used to set up an overhead diving trajectory against sea-skimming anti-ship missiles, to improve the likelihood of successful interception, or to set up a head-on trajectory against rockets and short-range ballistic missiles, improving the likelihood of an interception which destroys the target's warhead.
As long as the target is illuminated by the guidance radar, the YDG-64 can also be employed as a backup anti-ship missile, when other anti-ship weapons are not available. Its high speed presents the target with a limited reaction time, but its warhead, only 39 kilograms, limits its effectiveness in the anti-ship role.
The naval YDG-64 is usually guided by the YR-35 radar guidance module. Each module is 1.98 meters tall and 1.25 meters wide, and can rotate over a 360-degree arc, though its field of view is usually limited by the ship's superstructure. The module contains an AESA radar antenna which is capable of guiding eight missiles toward four targets. The guidance module also features an electro-optical targeting system, which is unable to perform missile guidance but can provide course-correction information and improve the tracking of small-RCS targets.
Land systems
In the Menghean Army, the YDG-64 is mainly used as a divisional air-defense weapon, or for the protection of high-value targets such as large unit headquarters. It complements the YDG-62 at the corps level. In addition to fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, the YDG-64 is also capable of engaging cruise missiles, guided bombs, short-range ballistic missiles, and other large air-to-ground precision-guided munitions, which might be delivered from outside its effective range.
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JYDG-64
The most common launch system for the missile is the JYDG-64 (Jayudaegong-64, abbr. for 자주식 유도탄, 대공, "Self-propelled missile, anti-air"). The launch vehicle (JYDG-64BGR) is a tracked, armored TELAR using the same chassis as the JYDG-62 and JJP-152/48. It has a crew of three, and is capable of autonomously detecting and engaging targets, though for maximum efficiency it is usually paired with an air-search radar at the battery level, with additional search radars at the battalion level.
Like the naval variant, it is capable of engaging four targets at once, but can direct as many as eight missiles (two per target), improving kill probability against small or maneuverable targets. It also shares an electro-optical targeting camera on the right cheek of the radar unit, to improve tracking capabilities in a high-jamming environment. It can be brought into action from a road march in as little as four minutes, and returned to a road march in the same amount of time. Once in a ready position, it has a reaction time of 8 seconds from target detection to missile launch.
Each TELAR carries a total of twelve YDG-64 missiles when fully loaded, fully four times the number carried by its divisional air defense predecessor, the JYDG-37BGR. This, too, reflects an interest in engaging precision-guided munitions as well as aircraft, thus increasing the number of targets that must be engaged. Missiles are transported in three containers of four missiles each, based on the quadpacked naval vertical launch system. The launcher fires missiles in such an order as to exhaust the missile boxes one by one; in between firings, empty missile boxes can be offloaded by a separate transloader vehicle and replaced with new units.
The main transloader vehicle, designated JYDG-64BJCh, shares the same tracked chassis but has a loading crane mounted in place of the radar. The crane is also fixed directly to the roof of the vehicle, while the rotating launch assembly is shortened to leave room. For further resistance to mass PGM attacks, the transloader itself can also serve as a TEL, firing missiles at targets illuminated by a nearby TELAR vehicle. Additional reloads are carried on 8x8 wheeled trucks, each with six four-missile launch cells, but with reduced off-road mobility and no on-board loading crane (the transloader's crane would be used instead).
In addition to standard VHF antennas, vehicles in a JYDG-64 battery are also equipped with microwave-band datalinks. Highly resistant to jamming, spoofing, and signal interception at the ranges at which enemy aircraft might be found, these antennas allow vehicles in a launch battery to share high-quality targeting information as long as they remain within line-of-sight of one another. These antennas can also relay information between vehicles, or via separate deployable relay stations, if the launch battery is dispersed in rough terrain. Among their supporting equipment, JYDG-64 batteries also include free-space optical laser communication devices and relays, which can be used to establish communications with the battalion command post and battalion-level radars when fighting in a prepared position.
A full launch battery consists of:
- 1x JYDG-64JS (Jungdae Salyŏngcha), Company/battery command vehicle, Crew of six
- 3x JYDG-64BG (Balsagi/Radar), TELAR, Crew of three
- 3x JYDG-64BJCh (Balsagi/Jaejangjŏn-Cha), TEL and reload vehicle, Crew of three
with additional self-proelled search radars, maintenance trucks, and training facilities at the Battalion level.
GYDG-64
The GYDG-64 is a lighter launch system for the YDG-64 missile, with greater road speed and strategic mobility. All vehicles in a missile battery use the Taekchŏn T212 8x8 wheeled chassis. Missile loads are somewhat lighter, with two four-missile cells on each TELAR vehicle and on each transloader. Guidance and networking capability are otherwise identical between the two systems, and they use the same missile-transport trucks capable of carrying six reload cells each.
GYDG-64 batteries take somewhat longer to come in and out of action, as the individual vehicles must be propped up on hydraulic jacks to provide better stability. They also have less offroad mobility, especially on rough or muddy terrain. This makes the system preferable for defending rear-area targets, including large-unit headquarters, airbases, and cities. Menghe's Coastal Defense Forces also use this variant for divisional air defense, as they must cover a considerably wider area but benefit from Menghe's developed transportation infrastructure in coastal areas.