Lozhai language

Qazhshavan
Aldonian МарӀаьу гезэ Marhaju gezë /maˈr̥͡θa.ju gɛz/
Native to	Qazhshava
Region	Slavic Belt in Thuadia
Ethnicity	Aldonian Qazhshavans
Native speakers	Total:85 million L1:- L2:- (2018)
Language family	Thuado-Thrismaran Chenic Aldonian Qazhshavan
Dialects	Meadow Hill Rishic Zalic Laurentine Kental
Writing system	Modified Latin script Modified Govoric alphabet
Official status
Official language in	Qazhshava Sekidean Union
Recognised minority language in	Tiskaiya Kentalis Kistolia
Regulated by	Commission of the Qazhshavan Language
Language codes
ISO 639-1	qs
ISO 639-2	qsz
ISO 639-3	–
Distribution of the language   >90% Native Speakers   >30% native speakers

The Aldonian language, commonly reffered to as "Qazhshavan", is a language in southern Thuadia, it has similar grammatical features with the slavic languages neer the area spoken, but is its own branch of the Thuado-Thrismaran languages, and is the main official language of Qazhshava along side Srednogorian.

Introduction

This article focuses on the Meadow dialect of the language, as it is recognized to be the standerdized form of the language.

Writing system

The language uses a Modified Latin script, and a Modified Govoric. Both scripts are used, on the internet the Latin version does domminate due to its better axcesabilty, but every government official document has to be written in both. In the pre-1921 govoric alphabet threre were the letters ⟨й⟩, ⟨ю⟩, ⟨я⟩ and ⟨ъ⟩, but the alphabet was modernized in 1921 replacing ⟨й⟩ with ⟨ь⟩ which effectivly made ⟨ю⟩ and ⟨я⟩ obselite, and ⟨ъ⟩ with ⟨э⟩. There exists an old historic writing system that is currently used only in historic reconstructions and is tought at schools as part of history.
.
Govoric Alphabet:

Аа /а~ɑ/	Бб /b/	Вв /v/	Гг /g~ɣ/	Дд /d~ð/	ДӀ дӏ /d͡ʒ/	Ее /ɛ~e/	Ээ /ɤ̞~ɜ/	Жж /ʒ/	Зз /z/	Ии /i~ɪ/
Кк /k/	Лл /ɫ~l/	Мм /m/	Нн /n/	Оо /ɔ/	Пп /p/	Рр /ɾ~r/	РӀ рӀ /r̥͡θ/	Сс /s/	Тт /t~θ/	Уу /u/
Фф /f/	Хх /x/	Цц /t͡s/	Чч /t͡ʃ/	Шш /ʃ/	ШӀ.шӀ /ɕ/	ЧӀ чӀ /t͡ɕ/	Ыы /ɨ~i/	Ьь /j/	Ӏ -	Э́э́ /œ/

Latin Alphabet:

Aa /a~ɑ/	Bb /b/	Vv /v/	Gg /g~ɣ/	Dd /d~ð/	Dh dh /d͡ʒ/	Ee /ɛ~e/	Ëë /ɤ̞~ɜ/	Žž /ʒ/	Zz /z/	Ii /i~ɪ/
Kk /k/	Ll /ɫ~l/	Mm /m/	Nn /n/	Oo /ɔ/	Pp /p/	Rr /ɾ~r/	Rh rh /r̥͡θ/	Ss /s/	Tt /t~θ/	Uu /u/
Ff /f/	Hh /x/	Cc /t͡s/	Čč /t͡ʃ/	Šš /ʃ/	Šh šh /ɕ/	Čh čh /t͡ɕ/	Yy /ɨ~i/	Jj /j/	Hh* -	Öö /œ/

Orthography

All words that end in a vowel sound must end in the letter ⟨э⟩/⟨ë⟩, which stay silent, the only time they are pronounced at the end is when they follow ⟨ь⟩/⟨j⟩ or a consonant cluster, though it can be pronounced without changing the meaning.
No consonant cluster is to exceed 2 consonants, foreign names with such clusters are to be devided.

Phonology

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal		m		n		(ɲ)
Plosive	voiceless	p	t~θ				k
	voiced	b	d~ð				ɡ~ɣ
Affricate	voiceless			t͡s	t͡ʃ	t͡ɕ
	voiced				d͡ʒ
Fricative	voiceless	f		s	ʃ	ɕ
	voiced	v		z	ʒ
Approximant				ɫ~l		j
Tap & Trill				r̥͡θ ɾ~r

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i	ɨ	u
Close-Mid	(e~ɪ)
Mid		(ə)*	ɤ̞
Open-Mid	ɛ	(ɜ)	ɔ
Neer Open		(ɐ)*
Open	a~ɑ

Nouns

Grammatical Gender

Qazhshavan has 2 grammatical genders, they are identified by the ending sound of the base word of a word.

• Masculine - all masculine nouns end in a ⟨n⟩ or ⟨j⟩, ⟨ë⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩.
• Feminine - all feminine nouns end in ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨y⟩

Grammatical Cases

Qazhshavan has 5 grammatical cases.

• Nominative: Subject or a Predicate noun or adjective
• Accusative: Interract with Subject (hear, hit, harm...)
• Genetive: Possesed by Subject
• Locative: In Subject, on Subject
• Vocative: calling Subject

The Table Below also shows how the adjective suffix works with the examples

Common Translation		Nom.	Acc.	Gen.	Loc.	Voc.		Adj.
Masculine - n & j
Man	Sin.	Nerën	Nerënun	Nerëno	Nerënme	Nerëne!	Nerëny
	Plr.	Nerënaj	Nerënej	Nerënoj	Nerënmej	Nerënaj!	Nerënjy
	Sin.Def.	Nerënte	Nerëntun	Nerënto	Nerëntme	Ø	Nerënty
	Plr.Def.	Nerëntij	Nerëntej	Nerëntoj	Nerëntmej	Ø	Nerëntjy
Masculine - ë & o & u
Dog	Sin.	Txeno	Čhenon	Čhenono	Čhenme	Čheno!	Čheny
	Plr.	Čhenaj	Čhebej	Čhenoj	Čhenmej	Čhenaj!	Čhenjy
	Sin.Def.	Čhenote	Čhenotën	Čhenotno	Čhentme	Ø	Čheny
	Plr.Def.	Čhentij	Čhebtej	Čhenotoj	Čhentmej	Ø	Čhentjy
Feminine - a & e
Woman	Sin.	Gona	Gonan	Gonano	Goname	Gono!	Gonaja
	Plr.	Gony	Gonin	Gonono	Gonmy	Gony!	Gonajy
	Sin.Def.	Gonata	Gonatan	Gonatno	Gonatme	Ø	'Gonatja
	Plr.Def.	Gonty	Gontin	Gontono	Gontmy	Ø	Gonatjy
Feminine - i & y
Mountain	Sin.	Šhany	Šhanyn	Šhanyno	Šhanyme	Šhano!	Šhanyja
	Plr.	Šhane	Šhanej	Šhaneno	Šhanmy	Šhane!	Šhanojy
	Sin.Def.	Šhanty	Šhanytyn	Šhanytno	Šhanytme	Ø	Xanytja
	Plr.Def.	Šhante	Šhantei	Šhanteno	Šhantmy	Ø	Šhantojy

Adjectives

Adjectives are also gendered, and come in the 5 cases, but they are more consistent compared to nouns.

Common Translation		Nom.	Acc.	Gen.	Loc.	Voc.
Masculine - all
Strong	Sin.	Sadhan	Sadhanan	Sadhanon	Sadhame	Sađane
	Plr.	Sadhanaj	Sadhanej	Sadhanoj	Sadhanmej	Sadhanaj
	Sin.Def.	Sadhante	Sadhantan	Sadhanton	Sadhantme	Ø
	Plr.Def.	Sadhantij	Sadhantej	Sadhantoj	Sadhantmej	Ø
Feminine - all
Beatufull	Sin.	Vële	Vëlen	Vëleno	Vëleme	Vëlo
	Plr.	Vëlje	Vëljej	Vëljeno	Vëljemy	Vëlje
	Sin.Def.	Vëlete	Vëleten	Vëletno	Vëletme	Ø
	Plr.Def.	Vëltje	Vëltjej	Vëltjeno	Vëltjemy	Ø

Qazhshavan uses Comparison forms of Adjectives:

• Positive - Bassic form of the word- happy - šasin
• Negative - Negation of the word - unhappy - nišasin
• Comparitive - Form for comparison relative to something - happier - jan-šasin
• Superlative - Form showing absolute relative to a group - happiest - žen-šasin
• Augmentative - Form showing absolute position without a relative - ultimately happy - žen-žen-šasin

Verbs

Tenses

The Lnaguage is 'Pro drop', meaning that using pronouns is optional, usually when used, they add emphasis, for example: " jemë denmë " - " i am eating ", " Dy denexë " - " you are eating ".

Mood	Person	Number	Past		Present		Future		Future in the past
			Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect	Simple	Perfect
Indicative	1	Singular	<>(ja)hë	<>hre an	<>(ja)më	<>(ja)hë	je <>(ja)më	je an <>merë	jehë jo <>(ja)më	jehë jo an <>merë
		Plural	<>(ja)hme	<>hmerë an	<>(ja)mëme	<>(ja)hme	je <>(ja)mëme	je an <>mëmerë	jerhme jo <>(ja)mëme	jerhme jo an <>mëmerë
	2	Singular	<>(e)žë/a jedë	<>(e)žë/a jedë	<>(e)šhë	<>(e)žë/a jedë	je <>(e)šhë	je <>(e)žë/a	jehe jo an <>(e)šhë	jehe jo an <>(e)šhrë
		Plural	<>ža dej	<>žarë dej	<>eje	<>ža dej	je <>eje	je <>ejerë	jerhe jo an <>eje	jerhe jo an <>ejerë
	3	Singular	<>(e)šë	<>(e)še an	<>jë	<>eš	je <>jë	je an <>jerë	jehe jo <>jë	jehe jo an <>jerë
		Plural	<>(e)ša	<>(e)šarë	<>jëdë	<>ša	je <>jëdë	je an <>jëderë	jerhë jo <>jëdë	jerhë jo an <>jëderë
Imperative	All	Singular	Ø		<>ši		<>ži		Ø
		Plural			<>šati		<>žati

Note: Word Order Can Switch around depending on context.

Pronouns

Translation to Common		Person and number		Nom.	Acc.	Gen.	Loc.	Voc.
I	Me	First	Singular	Jemë	Me	Me	Men	Ø
You (Singular)		Second		Vi	Vy	Vy	Vyn	Vi!
He	Him	Third		Voj	Go	Ego	Egon	Ø
She	Her			Vaj	Ga	Ega	Egan	Ø
It				Vo	Go	Ego	Egon	Ø
We	Us	First	Plural	Nen	Men	Ny	Nasë	Ø
You (Plural/formal)		Second		Vau	Vaun	Vaj	Vajn	Vau!
They	Them	Third	Singular & Plural	Aža	Ažan	Ažej	Ažejn	Ø

Numbers

Qazhshavan is a Decimal language, meaning it has a base 10 number system.

In Qazhshavan the way to construct numbers higher than 10 is generally simple, 11 being 1-on-10, 12 being 2-on-10, and so on, for numbers such as 20, 30 and 40, you drop the '-on-', 20 - 2-10, 30 - 3-10, and so on
Numbers of 100 are literally: 101- 100 & 1 ; 110- 100 & 10 ; 111- 100 & 1-on-10 ; 120- 100 & 2-10 ; 121- 100 2-10 & 1

Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	IPA		Number	Number term (Qazhshavan)	IPA
0	Nulo Нуло	/ˈnu.ɫɔ/		11	Ennëndjetë Еннэндьетэ	/ˈɛn.ɤ̞n.djɛt/
1	En Ен	/ˈɛn/		12	Dinëndjetë Динэндьетэ	/ˈdi.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
2	Di Ди	/ˈdi/		13	Terenëndjetë Теренэндьетэ	/ˈtɛ.ɾɛ.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
3	Tere Тере	/ˈtɛ.ɾɛ/		14	Ketënëndjetë Кетэнэндьетэ	/ˈkɛ.tɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
4	Ketë Кетэ	/ˈkɛtᵊ/		15	Pešhënëndjetë ПешӀэнэндьетэ	/ˈpɛ.ɕɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
5	Pešhë ПешӀэ	/ˈpɛ.ɕᵊ/		16	Šešënëndjetë Шешэнэндьетэ	/ˈʃɛ.ʃɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
6	Šešë Шешэ	/ʃɛʃᵊ/		17	Šemënëndjetë Шемэнэндьетэ	/ˈʃɛ.mɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
7	Šemë Шемэ	/ˈʃɛmᵊ/		18	Ašemënëndjetë Ашемэнэндьетэ	/aˈʃɛ.mɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
8	Ašemë Ашемэ	/aˈʃ.ɛmᵊ/		19	Nentënëndjetë Нентэнэндйетэ	/ˈnɛn.tɤ̞.nɤ̞n.djɛtᵊ/
9	Nentë Нентэ	/ˈnɛntᵊ/		100	(en)Čhyn (ен)ЧӀн	/ˈɛn.t͡ɕɨn/ /t͡ɕɨn/
10	Djetë Дьетэ	/ˈdjɛtᵊ/		1000	(en)Mjada (ен)Мьада	/ˈɛn.mja.da/ /ˈmja.da/

Questions

Yes & No

Qazhshavan forms Yes and No questions with a quesiton suffix, which follows slight vowel harmony

Translation in Common	Sentence in Qazhshavan	Suffix
words with last vowels: ë, o, u
Did you shoot him?	Berëžko Go	-ko
	/bɛˈɾɤ̞ʒˌkɔ ˈɣɔ/
words with last vowels: a, e,
Do you like her?	Čhanašhka Ga	-ka
	/ɕa.ˈnaɕ.ka ˈɣa/
words with last vowels: i , y
Do you love me?	Šenišhki Me	-ki
	/ʃɛˈniɕ.ki ˈmɛ/

Dialects

The Qazhshavan language consists of 6 dialect groups, which split into their own sub-dialects.

Dialects list
	-Zalic Dialect Located mainly outside the country, its one of the least inteligable to the Standart form of the language, seperatists in the 1960s claimed it as a seperate languages, some still do today. /ˈɒ.ză.tuj ɣaz/
	-Rishic Dialect Generally understood by both meadow and Zalic speakers, it is seen as an intermediate. /ˈɑ.ðă.ju gɛz/
	-Meadow Dialect This is the most spoken dialect, and the standerdized form of the language. /aˈdaju ˈɣɛ.z/
	-Hill Dialect Second most spoken dialect, in the 1910 it competed with the Meadow dialect for title of Standart dialect, but lost. /ˈa.da.joⁿ ˈɣɛz/
	-Laurentine Dialect Also called "the Islander Dialect", its spoken in the few islands owned by Qazhshava and also in oversees diaspora left over from ex-colonies. /aˈtaju kes/
	-Kental Dialect A strongly Ereskan and Kental influenced dialect spoken south of Ereska in Kentalis, and holds a recognized status in the said nation. /aˈdʒa.jʉ gɨs/