Konalanese language
| Konalanese | |
|---|---|
| ʻŌlelo Konalani | |
| Pronunciation | [ʔoːˈlɛlo ˈko.naˈla.ni] |
| Native to | Konalani |
| Ethnicity | Native Konalanese |
Native speakers | L1: 30,000 (2020) L2: 75,000 (2020) Total: 105,000 |
Boreaurelian
| |
Early form | |
| Latin Orientic Braille | |
| Konalanese Signed Language | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  Konalani |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | ko |
| ISO 639-2 | kon |
| ISO 639-3 | kon |
 Konalanese is classified as Definitely Endangered by the Assembled Nations | |
Konalanese (ʻŌlelo Konalani, pronounced [ʔoːˈlɛlo ˈko.naˈla.ni]) is a Orientic language indigenous to the islands of Konalani, where it is an official language. As of 2020, around 30,000 declare fluency in Konalanese as a first language, while an additional 75,000 claim varying levels of fluency in it as a second language. Konalanese is closely related to Taruan, which developed out of Konalanese from the 11th century onwards.
Forming as the language of the Native Konalanese from the 6th century onwards, Konalanese as a living language faced a rapid decline in the 19th century, as the arrival of Anglish and Oharic-speaking settlers displaced the Native Konalanese, alongside a population decline within the indigenous population due to disease and poverty. In 1948, Konalanese was re-affirmed as one of three official languages in Konalani, and since the 1950s has seen a revival in its use in governmental, academic, and private spaces. Despite this growth, Konalanese is classified as Definitely Endangered by the Assembled Nations, one of the few official languages of an internationally recognized sovereign state to be given this designation.
Family and origin
History
Konalanese speakers in Konalani, 2020.
Orthography
| Aa | Ee | Ii | Oo | Uu | Hh | Kk | Ll | Mm | Nn | Pp | Ww | ʻ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /a/ | /e/ | /i/ | /o/ | /u/ | /h/ | /k~t/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /p/ | /v~w/ | /ʔ/ |
History
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||
| Plosive | p | t ~ k | ʔ | |
| Fricative | w ~ v | h | ||
| Sonorant | l ~ ɾ | |||
Vowels
| Ending with... | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /u/ | /i/ | /o/ | /e/ | ||
| /i/ | iu | ||||
| /o/ | ou | oi | |||
| /e/ | eu | ei | |||
| /a/ | au | ai | ao | ae | |
| Ending with... | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /u/ | /i/ | /o/ | /e/ | ||
| /o/ | oːu | ||||
| /e/ | eːi | ||||
| /a/ | aːu | aːi | aːo | aːe | |