Jayagiri
Republic of Jayagiri Republik Jayagiri | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Motto: "Silih Asah, Silih Asih, Silih Asuh" "Advance, Care and Preserve" | |
| Anthem: Tanah Jayagiri "Land of Jayagiri"  | |
| Capital | Pakuan |
| Largest city | Cibadak |
| Official languages | Jayagirian |
| Recognised national languages | Kawalian Bubatan |
| Ethnic groups (2019) | 67% Kawalian 2% other |
| Demonym(s) | Jayagirian |
| Government | Unitary Semi-Presidential Constitutional Republic |
• President | Dennis Ismael |
• Vice President | Hengky Sumartono |
| Legislature | Congress (KN) |
| Senate (SN) | |
| National Assembly (MPN) | |
| Establishment | |
• Chiefdoms | 97 AD |
• Salaka and Medang Kingdom | 1187 AD |
• Kingdom of Larang | 1334 AD |
• Tyrnican Occupation | April 18 1778 |
• Republic Established | August 8 1910 |
• Songhese Occupation | March 9 1940 |
• Independence Proclaimed | August 16 1943 |
• Current Constitution | January 7 2021 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,759,540 km2 (679,360 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2019 estimate | 49,776,594 |
• 2020 census | 49,816,992 |
• Density | 1,400/km2 (3,626.0/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $1.390 trillion |
• Per capita | $20,474 |
| HDI (2019) | 0.750 high |
| Currency | Mar (JGM) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +22 |
| Internet TLD | .jg |
Jayagiri (/dʒaɪɑ:ɡɪrɪ/; Jayagirian: Jayagiri, ᮏᮚᮌᮤᮛᮤ), officially the Republic of Jayagiri is a sovereign state in Isuan, in the Eastern hemisphere of Levilion. Located in Isuan, Jayagiri is bordered by Songha to the northwest, and the Demontean ocean to the southeast. The republic is a unitary state consisting of 11 provinces and 3 special administrative regions covering almost the entire southern part of the continent. Pakuan is the republic's capital since the middle ages, and the newly-built Tamansari situated slightly northeast, has been serving as the administrative capital of the republic.
Jayagiri is one of the most populous nation in Isuan, and the perhaps the tenth largest in the world, with its population mostly concentrated in the lowlying lands of Cikajang Basin where its capital, Pakuan, is located. Jayagiri's geographical situation has been largely affected the history of Isuan and the surrounding islands whether the cultural or the political aspects.
History
Ancient Era
The area of what is now called Jayagiri has been inhabited by modern humans since, at least 70.000BP, long before the development of the Proto-Isuan people (the first people inhabiting the continent of Isua). Various documentations stated that the people of Jayagiri have ancestry ties with the Songhese people (or the Deutero-Isuan people), and the early inhabitants of the Jayagiri mountains were inter-married with the Proto-Isuan people, resulting in the emergence of Jayagirians. The other few remaining Proto-Isuan people would later became a minority, and developed sea-faring skills and tools, which later would make them the inhabitant of the lesser islands just south of Isua.
The inter-marriage transitioned the food-gathering and hunting culture into farming such as plants or livestock. Bronze culture started to develop ca. 1500 BCE, with the earliest developing culture was that of the Kadirian culture (!Javanese). The Kadirian culture continued to develop into the 1st millenium BC, where society has started to flourish into a more structural forms. Small villages has started to appear across the area of Jayagiri, and ancient religions such as animism and dynamism were starting to develop by the early 300 BCE.
Iron Age
The introduction of Iron Age believed to occur a bit late, around 50BC. The Iron Age transitioned the culture with the development of iron tools and weapons, further helping not only the defense of the people itself but also the farming culture to be more advanced and efficient. By the 1st AD, a larger Chiefdom was established, further expanding the settlement of the Kadirian people. The Chiefdom eventually split into two, the Kalingga chiefdom (north Kadirians) and Medang chiefdom (south Kadirians). Both chiefdoms had wars against each other and against the external influences such as the Songhese people.
Two Kingdoms Era
Kingdoms started to appear in the early 7th century AD, with the emergence of Kamulan kingdom, repalcing the previous chiefdoms. This kingdom didn't last long as it also had internal conflict which resulted the kingdom to be divided into two, Salaka and Medang by the end of 11th century. The two kingdoms were also short-lived, as a large war between the two kingdom occured in the 1300s, with the cause believed to be a misunderstanding by the high-ranking royal of the Medang kingdom.
The Kingdom of Medang eventually lost to Salaka, and a new kingdom was later established, uniting the whole land of Jayagiri under the rule of Larang Kingdom. The Kingdom flourished for centuries as a result of trade and the influences from the neighbouring Songha and the early contact with the Isaric people. A trade route was established through the small straight between Isuan and Auressia. The invention of sail ship also kickstarted trade and contacts with those of the Proto-isuan people in the small islands south of Isuan. The power of Larang Kingdom also resulted in an annexation of eastern island chains. The contact with the Isaric people resulted in a large-scale and fast development particularly in technology and education. This period is often referred to as a "Golden Age" in Jayagirian history.
Colonial Era
The early full-scale contact with the Isaric people were in the 1750, when Tyrnican traders started to explore the planet, not only to the New World (Marceaunia) but also to the eastern world of Isua through the sea. The relation becomes more colonialistic by the end of 17th century where the Tyrnican royals used militaristic force to monopolize the production of resources in Larang. For most of the colonial period, Tyrnican control over the continent was tenuous. Tyrnican forces were engaged continuously in quelling rebellions both on and off Isua. The influence of local leaders such as Prince Kusumanagara, Kapitan Samarawijaya weakened the Tyrnican influence and tied up their military forces.
The founding of the First Republic was marked by the revolt in the early 1910, where a new local leader who returned from Tyrnica to study led the revolution against the colonial power in March 1914, a year after Tyrnica went into isolation, due to their loss in the First Great War. The Republican government took place, with Jayagiri as its name (some believed the meaning is "God's Blessing", but its actually inspired by the ancient mountain range named Jayagiri) but it was not for long until the Alliance took over the government in an invasion. Songha, one of the main power in the Alliance eventually took control of Jayagirian government. The republican government was cornered into the southern coast, and eventually lost to the Songhese rule.
It was not until the 1943 where Jayagiri was liberated by the Coalition, sneaking through the Harapan Island, and fought in a bloodbath against Songhese forces further inland, and successfully liberated Jayagiri by the early 1943 after establishing a base in the what is now the city of Dermayu. With the Alliance lost in 1943, Jayagiri gained independence, helped by the Coalition to form the second republic. The Republic of Jayagiri was helped financially by those of ex-Coalition member countries, and experiencing a quick recovery after heavy destruction across the country.
Post-War Era
Despite a quick recovery, Jayagiri experienced an authoritarian regime in the 1955, where Hartono Sukardjo, a Songhan-aligned, far-right chauvinist politician ascended to the seat of presidency. There were revolts across the country for many years but was heavily suppressed with almost a hundred thousand people were killed due to the oppression. The cold war between Albrennia and Songha also triggered the far-right political party to be dominant, and opposition were often silenced. Though, by the end of 1987, the regime came to an end, as Hartono died due to sickness, as well as intervention by Albrennia (and the alliance of Northern Auressia) in the political stage of Jayagiri, reducing the Songhan influence in Jayagiri, with the far-right political party was finally outlawed, giving chances for centrist and centre-left political parties to take part in the parliament, and the government.
Jayagiri would later develop under the new control. Private companies emerged across the country, the free-market policy was implemented, and the economy experienced a surplus in export after a founding of oil reserves off shore and minerals. The large farming of palm oil, spices, cocoa, tea and livestock also helped Jayagiri to gain benefits of international trade. By the early 1990s, service and manufacturing industries became increasingly common, with a lot of companies in Jayagiri offered manufacturing services to Auressian companies. Its large population also became a hotspot for Auressian, Marceaunian companies to expand their market while providing job opportunities for Jayagirians. This also kickstarted the introduction of modern, western culture from Auressia to Jayagiri.
Geography
Government & Politics
Jayagiri is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. Following the fall of the far-right regime in 1987, political and governmental structures have undergone sweeping reforms, with four constitutional amendments revamping the executive, legislative and judicial branches. Chief among them is the delegation of power and authority to various regional entities while remaining a unitary state. The president may serve a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms. The executive branch itself has two leaders. The President of the Republic, currently Dennis Ismael (elected August 2020), is the head of state, elected directly by universal adult suffrage for a 5-year term (formerly 7 years) and is also responsible as the commander-in-chief of the Jayagirian National Armed Forces (Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Jayagiri, ABRJ). The Vice President, currently Hengky Sumartono, is the head of government, appointed by the President of the Republic to lead the Government of Jayagiri.
The Jayagirian Parliament is a bicameral legislature comprising a National Assembly and the Senate. The National Assembly deputies represent local constituencies and are directly elected for 4-year terms. The Assembly has the power to dismiss the government; thus the majority in the Assembly determines the choice of government. Senators are chosen by an electoral college for 6-year terms (originally 9-year terms); one half of the seats are submitted to election every 2 years.
The Senate's legislative powers are limited; in the event of disagreement between the two chambers, the National Assembly has the final say. The Government has a strong influence in shaping the agenda of the Parliament.
Jayagiri was a unitary republic which all regional powers are centered in the central government, until January 2021. After various demonstrations near the end of 2020 demanding of more rights to increase development especially in the western and northern provinces, the congress proposed a constitutional amendment in which provinces will have more autonomy rights to develop economically, socially and culturally. It was later in January 6 of 2021, the amendment to the constitution regarding decentralization of power was approved by the senate (and the entire assembly), and the president. The amendment took effect a day after.