Kasiwanthay
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Community of Kasiwanthay Sangkh a Kasiwanthay (Thaksin) | |
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 Flag
Coat of Arms
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| Motto: "Phumipayya ni kwam singb." "Wisdom in peace." | |
| Location of Kasiwanthay (dark green) – in Catai (dark grey) Location of Kasiwanthay (dark green) – in Catai (dark grey) | |
| Map of Kasiwanthay Map of Kasiwanthay | |
| Capital and largest city | Varijapur (Buriwaricha) |
| Official languages | Thaksin |
| Recognised regional languages | Udonrok |
| Ethnic groups | Thawals (73.2%) Bhawans (26.8%) |
| Demonym(s) | Phuksat, Khun |
| Government | Unitary Theocratic Republic |
• Laphong Raek of the Bharisoth | Saengdao Chanthalangsy |
| Legislature | Bharisoth |
| Sal Khungsongkh (Ecclesiastical Court) | |
| Kar Chumnum (Popular Assembly) | |
| Establishment | |
| 1398 CE | |
| 1956 CE | |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 18,799,582 |
• 2019 census | 18,430,963 |
| GDP (nominal) | 2015 estimate |
• Total | 90.2 billion USD (x) |
• Per capita | $4,800 |
| Gini (x) | 53.9 high |
| HDI (2019) |  .469low |
| Currency | bia (BIA) |
| Time zone | UTCx (x) |
| Date format | dd ˘ mm ˘ yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +1121 |
| Internet TLD | .frn |
Kasiwanthay, (Thaksin: Kasiwanthay) officially the Community of Kasiwanthay (Thaksin: Sangkh a Kasiwanthay), is a unitary theocratic republic situated in southeast Catai. The capital and most populous city is Varijapur (Buriwaricha), which is home to around four million people.
Kasiwanthay defies conventional political categorization, with many of its political bodies having a pre-modern origin and no neat parallel in more conventional civic states. In the absence of a traditional Asuran concept of citizenship, the Senthang, a broad insular community rooted in Zohist teachings of virtue, operates as a unifying sociopolitical and religious institution and facilitates participation in public life.
Etymology
The name "Kasiwanthay" is derived from the Sanskrit roots kashi (shining) and vana (forest) and the Thaksin term thay, meaning folk or people. This is likely in reference to the gardens cultivated in many of the disparate polities that dominated the southern coast of the country beginning in 400 CE. In the sparse and often arid climate of the savannah, the ability to cultivate gardens would have been seen as a status symbol by both individual elites and communities. Chroniclers in Tuchan referred to the predecessors of these communities derogatorily as "Nanman", with nan meaning south and man implying an insectoid or reptilian nature, at least as early as 60 BCE. This has led to "Manland", "Namanland", and "Namania" being common exonyms for the country and even the broader region of southeast Catai.
History
Prehistory
The earliest evidence of human habitation in present-day Kasiwanthay can be traced back to around 18,000 years ago, with intricate cave art and bone fragments being found at the Mesolithic site of Chulkh Pak, a cave located a mere twenty miles west of the modern city of Chiang Samui. Cave paintings at the site employed red ochre and charcoal, and have been interpreted by some anthropologists as providing insight into the spirituality of Mesolithic humans, though such hypotheses have only sparse material support. The discovery of an old fractured femur bone dating back to 15,000 years ago at Koh Daeng in 1973 led archaeologists to reassess their understanding of the evolution of complex civilization and social relationships among ancient hunter-gatherers.
Despite the abundance of artefacts and remains suggesting intermittent habitation of the region, the first definitive instance of continuous human occupation of any site in Kasiwanthay dates only to around 1800 BCE, when concrete proof of sorghum cultivation and standing structures appears in prehistoric archaeological layers at Korat and Chan Thani. Bronze begins to appear around 900 BCE and the absence of abundant natural deposits of tin in the immediate vicinity of Kasiwanthay has led to suggestions that trade networks extending northward to modern Tuchan had been established by the beginning of the early Bronze Age.
Bronze Age
The absence of extant written records for the Bronze Age in Kasiwanthay has made it difficult for historians to piece together a reliable narrative concerning the formation of early agrarian societies though such villages were undoubtedly based around the cultivation of sorghum and, with increasing frequency from 700 BCE onwards, rice.
Antiquity
Hegemony of Thanchor, Haritlinga, and Srimana. WIP
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